South Korea

Bap is a Korean name for cooked rice prepared by boiling rice or other grains, such as black rice, barley, sorghum, various millets, and beans, until the water has cooked away. Special ingredients such as vegetables, seafood, and meat can also be added to create different kinds of bap. In the past, except for the socially wealthy class, people used to eat mixed grain rice together with beans and barley rather than only rice. In Korea, grain food centered on rice has been the most commonly used since ancient times and has established itself as a staple food in everyday diets. In Korean, the honorific terms for bap (meal) include jinji (진지) for an elderly person, sura (수라) for a monarch, and me (메) for the deceased (in the ancestral rites).

Hobak-juk or pumpkin porridge, is a variety of Korean porridge, or juk, made with pumpkin and glutinous rice flour. Recovering patients or the elderly traditionally receive this smooth and naturally sweet porridge. Pumpkins, preferably Korean cheese pumpkins called cheongdung-hobak (청둥호박) or kabocha squash called danhobak (단호박), are washed and sliced into 3–5 centimetres (1.2–2.0 in) thick pieces. It is boiled, peeled, deseeded, and mashed. Mashed pumpkin can be strained to obtain a smoother texture. It is then mixed with glutinous rice flour slurry and boiled, during which parboiled red beans or black beans may be added. Another common addition is saealsim (새알심; literally "bird's egg", named as such due to its resemblance to small bird's eggs, possibly quail eggs), the small rice cake balls made of glutinous rice flour kneaded with hot water. Finally, salt and, optionally, sugar are added to taste.

Fresh or smoked pork sausage, some common versions are sweet, garlicky, sour and garlicky

Sandwich of toasted sweet bread with a variety of toppings such as eggs, cabbage, cheese, sliced meat and condiments

Bingsu , sometimes written as bingsoo, is a milk-based Korean shaved ice dessert with sweet toppings that may include chopped fruit, condensed milk, fruit syrup, and red beans. The most common variety is pat-bingsu (Korean: 팥빙수), the red bean shaved ice. The main ingredient of ice was natural ice in the past, but later artificial ice was produced and high-quality sweeteners were developed, and now it has been improved into boiled red bean shaved ice or fruit shaved ice mixed with various fruits. At first, the ice-cutting machine was a simple tool in the shape of a plane, but now the electric power is widely used after a manual rotation by hand.

Bungeo-ppang is a fish-shaped pastry stuffed with sweetened red bean paste, which originated from the Japanese taiyaki. One of South Korea's most popular winter street foods, the snack is often sold at street stalls, grilled on an appliance similar to a waffle iron but with a fish-shaped mold. Red bean paste is the standard filling but many bungeo-ppang sold as street food are filled with pastry cream (called "choux-bung" as the cream is called "choux-cream" in South Korea), sweet potato, pizza toppings, chocolate, kimchi and others. Usually, it costs about 1,000 won (KRW) for three bungeo-ppang. However, small bungeo-ppang costs 1,000 won for five and large bungeo-ppang costs 2,000 won for one, indicating that the price range varies depending on the size. The word bungeo-ppang is a compound of "carp (bungeo)" and "bread (ppang)". The pastry, however, contains no ingredients from its namesake fish or any other fish; rather the name comes from the shape of the pastry. Bungeo-ppang was derived from the Japanese treat, taiyaki (baked sea bream), introduced to Korea around the 1930s when the country was under Japanese rule. According to the 2011 book Bungeoppang Has a Family Tree, bungeo-ppang began as a mix of Western waffles and Eastern dumplings, as the taiyaki itself was a Japanese adaptation of Western waffles introduced to Japan in the 18th century. The change of fish-shaped pastry continued, as the sea bream-shaped taiyaki became carp-shaped bungeo-ppang in Korea. Although bungeo-ppang's popularity did not last long, it found its way back into popularity during the 1990s with the retro craze in South Korea.

Chapssal-tteok , also called chaltteok (찰떡, [tɕʰal.t͈ʌk̚]), is a tteok, or Korean rice cake, made of glutinous rice. Chapssal-tteok is a compound noun consisting of chapssal (찹쌀), meaning "glutinous rice," and tteok (떡), meaning "rice cake."

Dalgona is a Korean candy made with melted sugar and baking soda originating from South Korea. It is a popular street snack from the 1960s, and is still eaten as a retro food. When a pinch of baking soda is mixed into melted sugar, the thermal decomposition of the baking soda releases carbon dioxide, which makes the liquidized sugar puff up and becomes a light and crunchy candy once cooled and hardened. Typically, the creamy beige liquid is poured on a flat surface, pressed flat, and stamped using a cookie cutter giving off the image on the candy such as a star or a heart. Consumers try to trim their way around the outline on the snack without breaking the picture as a challenge. Traditionally, if this trimming is completed without breaking the candy, the consumer receives another free dalgona from the seller. Modern cafes in Korea serve novel dalgona coffee beverages where dalgona-flavoured coffee cream is heaped on top of iced tea or coffee, as well as pastries such as scones. Some cafes also used dalgona to make desserts such as bingsu and souffle. Dalgona appeared in an episode of the Netflix series Squid Game, with a deadly version of the dalgona challenge being the second game played in the series. The success and international popularity of the show led to a revival of the candy's popularity in South Korea along with the rising prevalence around the world. Sales have doubled for dalgona street vendors as foreigners become more interested in the candy. People have also taken to social media such as TikTok and YouTube to make their own candy at home as a challenge and as a cooking recipe.

Pressed tea cookies, small confections typically served with tea, many different types

Gangjeong is a hangwa (한과, traditional Korean confection) made with glutinous rice flour. It is a deep-fried "rice puff" with hollow inside, coated with honey followed by nutty beans, nuts, seeds, pollen, or spice powders. Gangjeong is often served during important events such as weddings, ancestral rites, and Korean New Year celebrations. Yugwa was widely distributed after the Goryeo dynasty due to the influence of Buddhism, and was called "Goryeo dessert" in the Yuan dynasty of China. Glutinous rice is soaked in water for four to five days, then pounded or ground into fine powder. Ten cups of glutinous rice flour is mixed with one-half cup cheongju (rice wine) and one-half cup honey, then steamed in a siru (steamer) lined with a wet bojagi (cloth). The steamed dough is kneaded, rolled into 1 centimetre (0.39 in) thick sheets, cut into rectangles 3–4 centimetres (1.2–1.6 in) long and 1.5–2 centimetres (0.59–0.79 in) wide, and dried in the shade. The well-dried gangjeong is first soaked in room-temperature cooking oil, then left to rise a little more in warm oil before it is deep-fried at a high temperature. Regarding the taste of Gangjeong in the 閨閤叢 Book of Kyuhap, It said, "I was surprised that Gangjeong chewed and flew away." As the saying goes, Gangjeong is better expanded and fried to the bottom. When all excess oil is drained, the rice puff is coated with honey, followed by nutty grains or powders such as toasted sesame seeds, pine nut powder, soybean powder, pine pollen, Angelica leaf powder, and cinnamon powder. Its origin goes back to the time of the Han dynasty. At that time, there was a food called hangu (寒具), a kind of snack that was eaten as an appetizer before breakfast in the Han dynasty. It is a food that is mixed with glutinous rice flour, kneaded, and then fried into certain shapes, and dipped in honey or starch syrup. There is a theory that Gangjeong was widely spread under the name "Yumilgwa" during the Goryeo dynasty. However, during the Three Kingdoms period, there is also a description of an object presumed to be Gangjeong because it is called "gwa (餜)" in Gaya. Gangjeong in Korea comes in the form of 'pre-seasoned' rather than 'dipping the seasoning' like in Hangu.Gangjeong itself has a variety of ingredients, so it is called black sesame gangjeong, sesame gangjeong, cinnamon gangjeong, and pine nut gangjeong depending on the ingredients used as a kind of junk. In today's world, it belongs to snacks and is handled in practice, but Gangjeong has long been ruled as the exclusive property of the yangban class because the process of making it takes a long time, it is complicated, and the ingredients are as enormous as the old era standard. Ordinary people watch Gangjeong only when the yangban is generous and gives it away, or when the village slope makes a feast. Gangjeong was also exclusive to those above the yangban class because this is rarely the case. In addition, most of the above-mentioned generous yangban were often distributed to servants and slaves under them, and except when working under the yangban, it was less common for commoners to watch Gangjeong than for slaves who met their owners well, who could be obtained during holidays or rituals.

Gingerbread refers to a broad category of baked goods, typically flavored with ginger, cloves, nutmeg, and cinnamon and sweetened with honey, sugar, or molasses. Gingerbread foods vary, ranging from a moist loaf cake to forms nearly as crisp as a ginger snap. Originally, the term gingerbread referred to preserved ginger. It then referred to a confection made with honey and spices. Gingerbread is often used to translate the French term pain d'épices (lit. 'spice bread') or the German and Polish terms Pfefferkuchen and Piernik respectively (lit. 'pepper cake' because it used to contain pepper) or Lebkuchen (of unclear etymology; either Latin libum, meaning "sacrifice" or "sacrificial bread," or German Laib for loaf or German for life, leben). Pepper is also referenced in regional names like Norwegian pepperkaker or Czech perník (originally peprník). The meaning of gingerbread has evolved over time. For centuries the term referred to a traditional European pastry, very like a modern cookie, traditionally used to make gingerbread men. In the United States the first known recipe for "Soft gingerbread to be baked in pans" is found in Amelia Simmons' 1796 cookbook, American Cookery.

Fruit jelly confections

Gyeongdan or Korean rice ball cake is a type of tteok (rice cake) made of glutinous rice or other glutinous cereal flours. When the cereal other than rice is used, its name is usually specified, making compound nouns such as susugyeongdan (수수경단, "sorghum ball cake"). The name chapssalgyeongdan (찹쌀경단, "glutinous rice ball cake") may also be used, but chapssal can be, and usually is, omitted. Gyeongdan can be made by kneading glutinous rice flour into chestnut-sized balls, then boiling them in water, and coating them with honey, mashed red beans or mung beans, or toasted and ground sesame seeds, etc. The gyeongdan have various kinds of gomul (고물; Powdered sesame or beans, used for coating tteok, rice cake, in order to improve its appearance and taste.), making them look pretty, but they are not inflexible even after a long period of time because of gomul. The white bean paste, which is on the table for a child's birthday, is decorated with red bean paste, which means that red beans fight evil spirits.

Gyeran-ppang is a warm street snack sold throughout South Korea. The fluffy, oblong-shaped loaf of bread is sweet and savory with a whole egg inside the pancake dough. A Gyeran-ppang machine is an appliance with a few dozen oblong slots for pouring cake batter and eggs. The cake mix usually consists of wheat flour, baking powder, milk, eggs, butter, sugar, salt and vanilla extract. A whole egg is cracked onto the batter in each slot, and the egg breads are cooked till golden brown. Common toppings include chopped parsley, cheese, and diced ham. Egg bread was first made at the back gate of Inha University in 1984.

Hangwa is a general term for traditional Korean confections. With tteok (rice cakes), hangwa forms the sweet food category in Korean cuisine. Common ingredients of hangwa include grain flour, fruits and roots, sweet ingredients such as honey and yeot, and spices such as cinnamon and ginger. Hangwa (한과; 韓菓) translates to "Korean confectionery" referring to traditional confections contrasting with yanggwa (양과; 洋菓), which identifies "Western confectionery". In the past hangwa was called jogwa (조과; 造果) which means "artificial fruit" or gwajeongnyu (과정류; 果飣類) as meaning "fruit food category". The history of hangwa goes back to the era of the three kingdoms (57 BCE ‒ 668 CE), when various types of confections were consumed by royals during festivities, national holidays or in court, according to the Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms.

Hotteok , sometimes called hoeddeok, is a type of filled pancake known as a popular street food in South Korea. It originated in China, and was first brought into Korea during the 19th century. The dough for hotteok is made from wheat flour, water, milk, sugar, and yeast. The dough is allowed to rise for several hours. Handful-sized balls of this stiff dough are filled with a sweet mixture, which may contain brown sugar, honey, chopped peanuts, and cinnamon. The filled dough is then placed on a greased griddle, and pressed flat into a large circle, this is done with a stainless steel circle and wooden handle as it cooks. In South Korea, ready-made dry hotteok mix is commercially available in plastic packages. The mix also comes with a filling consisting of brown sugar and ground peanuts or sesame seeds.

Hwangnam bread , also commonly called Gyeongju bread, is a local specialty of Gyeongju City, South Korea. It is a small pastry with a filling of red bean paste. Gyeongju bread was first baked in 1939 at a bakery in Hwangnam-dong in central Gyeongju. It has since become popular across the country and is produced by several different companies, all based in Gyeongju. It is sold at many locations in the city, and also at specialized stores around the country. Gyeongju bread is made from a mixture of eggs and wheat flour, with the red bean filling being almost 70% of the pastry. A chrysanthemum would be traditionally imprinted on the top. Gyeongju bread has been designated as an "outstanding regional specialty" (지역명품) by the Korean government.

Pine nut cookies

Jeonggwa is a crispy, chewy hangwa (traditional Korean confection) with vivid colors and a translucent look. It can be made by boiling sliced fruits, roots, or seeds in honey, mullyeot (rice syrup), or sugar water, then drying the slices, and optionally shaping them into flowers or other decorative forms. The candied fruits, roots, or seeds may have the similar texture to jam, marmalade, or jelly. Common ingredients include yuja, quinces, apricots, lotus roots, radishes, carrots, ginseng, balloon flower roots, gingers, burdock roots, bamboo shoots, and winter melons. If water is boiled first with honey (and often with spices such as cinnamon and ginger) and dried fruit is added later, it is called sujeonggwa (수정과; 水正果; "water jeonggwa") and served cold as a beverage.

Jeungpyeon , also called sultteok (술떡), is a variety of tteok (rice cake) made by steaming rice flour dough prepared with makgeolli (rice wine). Sieved non-glutinous rice flour is mixed with hot makgeolli (rice wine), covered, and left to swell up in a warm room. Risen dough is mixed again to draw out the air bubbles, covered, and let rise once more. It is then steamed in jeungpyeon mold, with toppings such as pine nuts, black sesame, julienned jujubes, julienned rock tripe, chrysanthemum petals, and cockscomb petals.

Jjinppang is a steamed bun, typically filled with red bean paste with bits of broken beans and bean husk. Traditional jjinppang is made of sourdough fermented using the yeast in makgeolli (rice wine), but younger varieties such as hoppang are often made without fermentation. Warm jjinppang is softer than baked breads due to the higher moisture content, but it hardens as it cools. Thus it is recommended to eat while the bun is still hot. Hardened jjinppang can be steamed again before eaten. Jjinppang is a specialty product of Anheung Township in Hoengseong County, Gangwon Province. In the township, there is Anheung Jjinppang Village with 17 steameries that make Anheung-jjinppang (안흥찐빵). Since 1999, the township also hosts Anheung Jjinppang Festival in every October.

Honey string candy with a variety of fillings, for example, coconut, peanuts, chocolate, sesame seeds,

Twisted doughnuts

A macaron or French macaroon (/ˌmækəˈruːn/ MAK-ə-ROON) is a sweet meringue-based confection made with egg white, icing sugar, granulated sugar, almond meal, and often food colouring. Since the 19th century, a typical Parisian-style macaron has been a sandwich cookie filled with a ganache, buttercream or jam. As baked, the circular macaron displays a smooth, square-edged top, a ruffled circumference—referred to as the "crown" or "foot" (or "pied")—and a flat base. It is mildly moist and easily melts in the mouth. Macarons can be found in a wide variety of flavours that range from traditional sweet such as raspberry or chocolate to savoury (as a foie gras).

Fried ribbon ginger cookies/pastries coated in syrup and topped with pine nuts

Large clam-shaped doughnut filled with sweetened whipped cream

Nian gao , sometimes translated as year cake or New Year cake or Chinese New Year's cake, is a food prepared from glutinous rice flour and consumed in Chinese cuisine. It is also simply known as "rice cake". While it can be eaten all year round, traditionally it is most popular during the Chinese New Year. It is considered good luck to eat nian gao during this time of the year because nian gao (年糕) is a homonym for "higher year" or "grow every year" (年高), which means "a more prosperous year". The character 年 is literally translated as "year", and the character 糕 (gāo) is literally translated as "cake" and is identical in sound to the character 高, meaning "tall" or "high". In Mandarin (though not all Chinese languages), Nian gao (年糕) also is an exact homonym of "sticky cake" (黏糕／粘糕), the character 黏／粘 (nián) meaning "sticky". This sticky sweet snack was believed to be an offering to the Kitchen God, with the aim that his mouth will be stuck with the sticky cake, so that he cannot badmouth the human family in front of the Jade Emperor. It is also traditionally eaten during Chinese New Year. Originally from China, it spread to or gave rise to related rice cakes in Southeast Asian countries and Sri Lanka due to overseas Chinese influences.

Omija-hwachae or magnolia berry punch is a sweet and tangy hwachae (punch) made with magnolia berries—omija in Korean. The reddish-pink punch is typically served during hot summer days. The base is made by infusing dried magnolia berries in water until the color develops, sieving the liquid through a fine cloth, then sweetening with honey, sugar or syrup. It is served with decorative slices of Asian pear and pine nuts floating at the top.

Omija berry jelly, made with omija juice, mung bean starch and sugar

Shaved ice with red beans

Sikhye is a traditional sweet Korean rice beverage, usually served as a dessert. It is a popular beverage in South Korea, often found in the beverage sections of convenience stores. It is a drink made by fermenting rice with malt to give it a sweet taste. In addition to its liquid ingredients, sikhye contains grains of cooked rice and in some cases pine nuts. It is similar to the Chinese jiuniang and Japanese amazake. Sikhye is made by pouring malt water onto cooked rice. The malt water steeps in the rice at typically 62 degrees Celsius until grains of rice appear on the surface. The liquid is filtered and boiled until it gets sweet enough (no sugar is added to this drink). In South Korea and in overseas Korean grocery stores, sikhye is readily available in cans or plastic bottles. One of the largest South Korean producers of sikhye is the Vilac company of Busan. Most canned sikhye typically have a residue of cooked rice at the bottom. Homemade sikhye is often served after a meal in a Korean restaurant.

Songpyeon is a traditional Korean food made of rice powder. Its shape resembles a half moon and it is a representative rice cake of Korean holidays and traditional culture. It is a type of tteok, small rice cakes, and variety of fillings are used—some include red bean paste, toasted sesame seeds, and chestnuts. Songpyeon is traditionally eaten during the Korean autumn harvest festival, Chuseok, where it is often prepared by families at home. It is a popular symbol of traditional Korean culture. The earliest records of songpyeon date from the Goryeo period. Songpyeons are half-moon shaped rice cakes that typically contain sweet or semi-sweet fillings, such as soybeans, cowpeas, chestnuts, jujubes, dates, red beans, sesame seeds, or honey. They are steamed over a layer of pine needles, which gives them a distinctive taste and the fragrant smell of fresh pine trees. The colors typically include white (흰 송편, hwinsongpyeon), green (숙 송편, ssuksongpyeon), red (송이 송편, songgisongpyeon), and yellow (치자 송편, chijasongpyeon). Songpyeon is typically enjoyed during the Korean holiday, Chuseok, where it is shared amongst family, friends, and neighbors. It is also enjoyed with liquor on this special occasion. "Song" refers to pine needles. Songpyeon is quintessential to Korean families' Chuseok celebrations. Traditionally, songpyeon was made by Korean families using freshly harvested rice and then offered to their ancestors on the morning of Chuseok as thanks for the bountiful harvest during charye (차례; 茶禮), an ancestral memorial ritual. Songpyeon is also given to other family members and close neighbors. Such offerings are viewed as signs of respect and efforts to avoid bad luck within the family.

Sujeonggwa is a Korean traditional cinnamon punch. Dark reddish brown in color, it is made from mainly cinnamon, sugar, water and ginger. It's often served with gotgam (dried persimmon) and garnished with pine nuts. The punch is made by brewing first the cinnamon sticks and ginger at a slow boil. The solids are then removed for clarification and the remaining liquid is boiled again after adding either honey or brown sugar. The dried persimmons are cut into portions and are added to soak and soften after the brew has completely cooled. This is usually done several hours before serving, as extensive soaking of the fruit may thicken the clear liquid to a murky appearance. Sujeonggwa is served cold and commonly as a dessert, much like sikhye, due to its sweet taste. It is also widely available in canned form. The earliest mention of sujeonggwa dates back to 1849 in the book Dongguksesigi (동국세시기; 東國歲時記), a book of seasonal customs written by scholar Hong Seok-mo (홍석모). The sujeonggwa recipe mentioned in the book is a dried persimmon brew with added ginger and pine nuts.[citation needed]

Tong sui , also known as tim tong, is a collective term for any sweet soup served as a dessert typically at the end of a meal in Chinese cuisine. Tong sui originated in the Lingnan region of China, including Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macau, and some parts of other provinces in China. Therefore, in the narrow sense, the term tong sui is used to refer to soupy desserts from Lingnan, while occasionally it is also used in the broad sense, referring to any soupy dessert in Chinese-speaking regions. A large variety of tong sui can be found in specialty stores dedicated to these desserts, called tong sui stores. Today, they have gained prominence in other parts of China and overseas. People can find tong sui stores in various parts of Canada, Australia, and the United States, showcasing the global appeal of these treats. The origin of Tong sui is hard to track, and its development in different regions also varied.

Tteok is a general term for Korean rice cakes. They are made with steamed flour of various grains, especially glutinous and non-glutinous rice. Steamed flour can also be pounded, shaped, or pan-fried to make tteok. In some cases, tteok is pounded from cooked grains. Tteok is eaten not only as a dessert or seasonal delicacy, but also as a meal. It can range from elaborate versions made of various colors, fragrances, and shapes using nuts, fruits, flowers, and namul (herbs/wild greens), to plain white rice tteok used in home cooking. Some common ingredients for many kinds of tteok are red bean, soybean, mung bean, mugwort, pumpkin, chestnut, pine nut, jujube, dried fruits, sesame seeds and oil, and honey. Tteok is usually shared. Tteok offered to spirits is called boktteok ("good fortune rice cake") and shared with neighbours and relatives. It is also one of the celebratory foods used in banquets, rites, and various festive events. Tteokguk ("rice cake soup") is shared to celebrate Korean New Year and songpyeon is shared on Chuseok, a harvest festival.

Yakgwa , also called gwajul (과줄), is a type of yumil-gwa, which is deep-fried, wheat-based hangwa (Korean confection) made with honey, cheongju (rice wine), sesame oil, and ginger juice. Traditionally, the sweet was offered in a jesa (ancestral rite) and enjoyed on festive days such as chuseok (harvest festival), marriages, or hwangap (sixtieth-birthday) celebrations. In modern South Korea, it is also served as a dessert and can be bought at traditional markets or supermarkets. Yakgwa (약과; 藥菓), consisting of two syllables, yak (약; 藥; "medicine") and gwa (과; 菓; "confection"), means "medicinal confection". This name comes from the large amount of honey that is used to prepare it, because pre-modern Koreans considered honey to be medicinal and so named many honey-based foods yak ("medicine"). "Honey cookie" is a common English translation for this confection's name.

Yaksik or yakbap is a sweet Korean dish made by steaming glutinous rice, and mixing with chestnuts, jujubes, and pine nuts. It is seasoned with honey or brown sugar, sesame oil, soy sauce, and sometimes cinnamon. It is traditionally eaten on Jeongwol Daeboreum (정월대보름), a Korean holiday which falls on every January 15 in the lunar calendar, but also for weddings and hwangap festivities. Yaksik got its name due to the use of honey in its ingredients. According to the etymology book A-eon Gakbi (아언각비; 雅言覺非) written in early 19th century Joseon, it is noted that honey was commonly called as yak (medicine). Thus honey buckwheat wine was called yakju (약주), honey rice was called yakban (약반, old word for yaksik), and fried honey ricecake was called yakgwa (약과). Records of yaksik can be found in Samguk Yusa, written in the 13th century. According to the legend entitled Sageumgap (사금갑), King Soji the 21st ruler of Silla headed on a journey to Cheoncheonjeong in the 10th year of his reign. on 15 January, 488, when a crow and mouse alerted him of danger. The mouse spoke to King Soji in his native language telling him to follow the crow. The King of Silla ordered a servant to follow the crow which took him to a pond. It was here where an old man rose out from the pond handing the servant an envelope. Written on the envelope was “Two people will die if you open this. If you don’t open it, only one person will die.” After being informed by his servant that the envelope was in direct reference to the king, The King of Silla opened the envelope. Inside the envelope was a letter with the writing, “Go back to the palace and shoot an arrow into the box that holds a six-stringed zither”. The King of Silla complied, he shot an arrow into the box discovering a monk and concubine awaiting to assassinate the king (Korean recipes: Sweet rice with nuts and jujubes, yaksik (약식), 2016). The King saved himself from a potential revolt thanks to the crow's warning and the day of January 15 was designated as a day of remembrance thereafter. Originally, this day was known as Ogiil. Glutinous rice was put up as an offering to the crows as a way to give thanks for saving King Silla's life during the commemorative rites, which became the origin of yaksik. Although, there are many variations of this legend passed on through the South Korean people, such as a tale consisting of the Suh family. The legend of Sageumgap is the most known.

Yōkan is a wagashi (Japanese confection) made of red bean paste, agar, and sugar. It is usually sold in a block form, and eaten in slices. There are two main types: neri yōkan and mizu yōkan. "Mizu" means "water", and indicates that it is made with more water than usual. Mizu yōkan is usually chilled and eaten in the summer, however in Fukui prefecture it is customarily eaten in winter. Although yōkan found in Japan and abroad is typically made with red bean paste, yōkan made from white kidney bean paste (しろあん, 白餡, shiro an) is also relatively common. This type of yōkan is milky and translucent with a much milder flavour than that made of red bean paste. As such, it can be effectively flavoured and coloured by using green tea powder. Yōkan may also contain chopped chestnuts, persimmons, whole sweetened azuki beans, figs, and sweet potato (imo yōkan), among other additions. Sugar can also be replaced with honey, dark brown sugar, or molasses to alter the taste of the yōkan produced. There is also shio yōkan, which uses small amounts of salt.

Yeot is a variety of hangwa, or Korean traditional confectionery. It can be made in either liquid or solid form, as a syrup, taffy, or candy. Yeot is made from steamed rice, glutinous rice, glutinous sorghum, corn, sweet potatoes, or mixed grains. It is presumed to have been used before the Goryeo period. The steamed ingredients are lightly fermented and boiled in a large pot called a sot for a long time. Yeot boiled for a shorter time is called jocheong, liquid yeot. This sticky syrup-like jocheong is usually used as a condiment for cooking and for coating other hangwa, or as a dipping sauce for garae tteok. If boiled for a longer time, the yeot will solidify when chilled, and is called gaeng yeot (갱엿). Gaeng yeot is originally brownish but if stretched (as taffy is prepared), the color lightens. Pan-fried beans, nuts, sesame, sunflower seeds, walnuts, or pumpkin can be added into or covered over the yeot as it chills. Variations of yeot are named for their secondary ingredients, as follows.

lan - Chestnut flour cookies

Yumil-gwa is a variety of hangwa, a traditional Korean confection. Different varieties of yumil-gwa can be made by combining a wheat flour dough with various ingredients such as: honey, cooking oil, cinnamon powder, nuts, ginger juice, jujube, and cheongju (rice wine). The word yumil-gwa consists of three syllables: yu (유; 油) meaning "oil", mil (밀; 蜜) meaning "honey", and gwa (과; 菓) meaning "confection". Yumil-gwa varieties have commonly been used and consumed for jesa (ancestral rites).

Andong soju is a traditional type of distilled soju produced in Andong, North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. Andong soju is an alcoholic drink. Eumsik dimibang (a 17th-century cookbook written by Jang Gye-hyang) states that 18 litres (4.0 imp gal; 4.8 US gal) of steamed rice mixed with 9 litres (2.0 imp gal; 2.4 US gal) of nuruk (dried fermentation starter) and 36 litres (7.9 imp gal; 9.5 US gal) of water have to be fermented for 7 days, after which the rice wine is mixed with 2⁄3 parts water and distilled. Today, the rice wine for distilled soju is usually fermented for about 15 days. The process of making the fermentation starter (nuruk) for Andong soju consists of washing and drying wheat, which is then crushed and mixed with water. After, it is filtered, fermented, mixed with hard-boiled rice, and placed in a jug with water for about 15 days. The aged liquor is then boiled in a sot (cauldron). A soju gori (two-storied distilling appliance with a pipe), and a cooling device are placed on the sot, and flour dough is used to make an air-tight seal. It is spread on the gap between the soju gori and the cooling device so that no steam escapes.

Coffea arabica , also known as the Arabica coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family Rubiaceae. It is believed to be the first species of coffee to have been cultivated and is the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. Coffee produced from the less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated robusta bean (C. canephora) makes up most of the remaining coffee production. The natural populations of Coffea arabica are restricted to the forests of South Ethiopia and Yemen.

Banana Flavored Milk is a South Korean milk beverage produced by Binggrae in Korea. The name "Banana Mat Uyu" (Korean: 바나나맛 우유) in Korean translates as Banana Flavored Milk. The beverage consists of 80 percent milk. It contains just a hint of banana flavor. Other regular flavors include strawberry, melon, banana light, and coffee. Lychee, peach, mandarin, mulberry, and pumpkin-sweet potato were or are currently seasonal flavors.

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks. The seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways . Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor.

The Black Russian is a cocktail of vodka and coffee liqueur. It contains 50 ml vodka and 20 ml coffee liqueur, per IBA specified ingredients. The drink is made by pouring the vodka and coffee liqueur over ice cubes or cracked ice in an old-fashioned glass and stirring. The Black Russian is often garnished with a lemon slice and a Luxardo maraschino cherry on a stick. The Black Russian cocktail first appeared in 1949 and is ascribed to Gustave Tops, a Belgian barman, who created it at the Hotel Metropole in Brussels in honor of Perle Mesta, then United States Ambassador to Luxembourg. The cocktail owes its name to the use of vodka, a typical Russian spirit, and the blackness of the coffee liqueur.

Barley tea is a roasted-grain-based infusion made from barley. It is a staple across many East Asian countries such as China, Japan, and Korea. It has a toasty, bitter flavor. In Korea, the tea is consumed either hot or cold, often taking the place of drinking water in many homes and restaurants. In Japan, it is usually served cold and is a popular summertime refreshment. The tea is also widely available in tea bags or bottled in Korea and Japan. In China, barley tea is called dàmài-chá or mài-chá (麦茶; 麥茶), in which dàmài (大麦; 大麥) or mài (麦; 麥) means "barley" and chá (茶) means "tea".

Caffè corretto is an Italian caffeinated alcoholic drink, consisting of a shot of espresso with a small amount of liquor, usually grappa, and sometimes sambuca or brandy. It is also known (outside Italy) as an espresso corretto. It is ordered as un caffè corretto alla grappa, ... alla sambuca, ... al cognac, or corretto di Spadino, depending on the desired liquor. A caffè corretto is often prepared by simply adding a few drops of the desired spirit into an espresso shot; however in some cases the alcohol is served in a shot alongside the coffee, allowing the customer to pour the quantity they desire.

Caffè macchiato , sometimes called espresso macchiato and often shortened to just macchiato in English, is an espresso coffee drink with a small amount of milk, usually foamed. In Italian, macchiato means 'stained' or 'spotted', so the literal translation of caffè macchiato is 'stained coffee' or 'marked coffee'. The origin of the name macchiato stems from baristas needing to show the serving waiters the difference between an espresso and an espresso with a tiny bit of milk in it; the latter was "marked". The idea is reflected in the Portuguese name for the drink: café pingado, meaning 'coffee with a drop'.

A caffè mocha , also called mocaccino ( Italian: [mokatˈtʃiːno]), is a chocolate-flavoured warm beverage that is a variant of a caffè latte, commonly served in a glass rather than a mug. Other commonly used spellings are mochaccino and also mochachino. The name is derived from the city of Mokha, Taiz Governorate, Yemen, which was one of the centres of early coffee trade. Like latte, the name is commonly shortened to just mocha. The name "mocha" is derived from the Yemeni port of Mokha, which was a port well-known for its coffee trade from the 15th to 17th century, and where small quantities of fine coffee grown in the hills nearby was exported. When coffee drinking culture spread to Europe, Europeans referred to coffee imports from Arabia as Mochas, even though coffee from Yemen itself was uncommon and frequently mixed with beans from Abyssinia, and later coffee from Malabar or the West Indies were also marketed as Mocha coffee. The coffee drink today called "mocha," however, is made by adding chocolate, and some believe that this is the result of confusion caused by the chocolate flavor that may sometimes be found in Yemeni coffee. Chocolate has been combined with coffee after chocolate drink was introduced to Italy in the 17th century; in Turin, chocolate was mixed with coffee and cream to produce bavareisa, which evolved in the 18th century into bicerin served in small clear glass where its components may be observed as three separate layers. However, prior to 1900s, Mocha referred to Yemeni coffee, and its meaning began to change around the turn of the 20th century, and recipes for food such as cakes that combined chocolate and coffee that referenced mocha began to appear. In 1920, a recipe for a "Chilled Mocha" was published with milk, coffee and cocoa as ingredients.

Cappuccino is an espresso-based coffee drink that is traditionally prepared with steamed milk including a layer of milk foam. Variations of the drink involve the use of cream instead of milk, using non-dairy milk substitutes and flavoring with cocoa powder (in Europe and Australasia) or cinnamon (in the United States). It is typically smaller in volume than that of a latte, and topped with a thick layer of foam rather than being made with microfoam.

Oriental Brewery or OB is a South Korean brewery currently owned by AB InBev, and initially founded by Doosan Group. In 1933, Showa Kirin Brewery (Kirin Company) established Oriental Brewery. Oriental Brewery was privatized in 1952. Established by the Doosan Group in 1952, it was purchased by InBev in 1998. In July 2009, it was sold by Anheuser-Busch InBev as the parent company sought to reduce its debt. It was sold to an affiliate of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.. Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB Inbev) has retained the right to purchase OB five years from its sale, at predetermined financial terms. In April 2014, AB Inbev executed its right to repurchase OB. OB became a subsidiary of AB Inbev again. Today OB produces several of Korea's most popular beverages including the OB, Cass and Cafri lager brands. All OB beers are brewed from rice, rather than the malted barley familiar to Western beer drinkers. In March 2001, the company merged Cass Beer (State) with the production capacity of 1,120,000 KLE per year, and produced red rock, OBE, KaprI, Budweiser, etc. In July 2002, it was the first beer industry to obtain the ISO 9001 certification from the Korea Standards Association. It became a foreign company when it was taken over by Dutch beer company Molte Industries in September 2010 and became a subsidiary of Belgian beer company AB InBev in April 2014.

Cheongju , sometimes romanized as Chungju, is a clear, refined rice wine of Korean origin. The word cheongju (청주; 淸酒) consists of two characters: cheong (청; 淸) meaning "clear" and ju (주; 酒) meaning "alcoholic drink". It contrasts with takju (탁주; 濁酒), as "tak" (탁; 濁) means "turbid". The word takju usually refers to makgeolli (milky, unrefined rice wine). The hanja characters 淸酒 are the same as the kanji pronounced seishu used on the labels of sake. The native Korean word for "clear wine", malgeun-sul (맑은술), is also used to refer to cheongju. Another name for cheongju is yakju (약주; 藥酒), which literally translates into "medicinal wine".

Chrysanthemum tea is a flower-based infusion beverage made from the chrysanthemum flowers of the species Chrysanthemum morifolium or Chrysanthemum indicum, which are most popular throughout East and Southeast Asia. First cultivated in China as a herb as early as the 1500 BCE, Chrysanthemum became popularized as a tea during the Song Dynasty. In Chinese tradition, once a pot of chrysanthemum tea has been drunk, hot water is typically added again to the flowers in the pot ; this process is often repeated several times.

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks. The seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways . Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor.

Cognac is a variety of brandy named after the commune of Cognac, France. It is produced in the surrounding wine-growing region in the departments of Charente and Charente-Maritime. Cognac production falls under French appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) designation, with production methods and naming required to meet certain legal requirements. Among the specified grapes, Ugni blanc, known locally as Saint-Émilion, is most widely used. The brandy must be twice distilled in copper pot stills and aged at least two years in French oak barrels from Limousin or Tronçais. Cognac matures in the same way as whiskies and wines barrel-age, and most cognacs spend considerably longer "on the wood" than the minimum legal requirement.

Coffee drinks are made by brewing water with ground coffee beans. The brewing is either done slowly, by drip, filter, French press, moka pot or percolator, or done very quickly, under pressure, by an espresso machine. When put under the pressure of an espresso machine, the coffee is termed espresso, while slow-brewed coffees are generally termed brewed coffee. While all coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, some drinks add milk or cream, some are made with steamed milk or non-dairy milks, or add water . Upon milk additions, coffee's flavor can vary with different syrups or sweeteners, alcoholic liqueurs, and even combinations of coffee with espresso or tea. There are many variations to the basic coffee or espresso bases. With the invention of the Gaggia machine, espresso and espresso with milk, such as cappuccino and latte, spread in popularity from Italy to the UK in the 1950s. It then came to America, and with the rise in popularity of the Italian coffee culture in the 1980s, it began to spread worldwide via coffeehouses and coffeehouse chains.

Daechu-cha is a traditional Korean tea made from jujubes. The tea is deep ruby-brown to rich dark maroon in color and is abundant in iron, potassium, and vitamins B and C. It is often garnished with pine nuts. There are two ways to make daechu-cha: boiling dried jujubes or diluting the preserved jujubes into boiling water. Preserved jujubes can be made by simmering dried—preferably sun-dried—jujubes on low heat for about eight hours to a day, until the liquid becomes sweet and syrupy. A pre-made sweet jujube syrup is also commercially available in Korean grocery stores.

Doppio espresso is a double shot which is extracted using double the amount of ground coffee in a larger-sized portafilter basket. This results in 60 ml (2.1 imp fl oz; 2.0 US fl oz) of drink, double the amount of a single shot espresso. Doppio is Italian multiplier, meaning 'double'. It is commonly called a standard double, due to its standard in judging the espresso quality in barista competitions, where four single espresso are made using two double portafilters. A single shot of espresso, by contrast, is called a solo ("single") and was developed because it was the maximum amount of ground coffee that could practically be extracted by lever espresso machines. At most cafés outside of Italy, a doppio is the standard shot. Because solos require a smaller portafilter basket, solo shots are often produced by making ("pulling") a doppio in a two-spout portafilter and only serving one of the streams; the other stream may be discarded or used in another drink. Media related to Doppio at Wikimedia Commons

Coffee preparation is the process of turning coffee beans into liquid coffee. While the particular steps vary with the type of coffee and with the raw materials, the process includes four basic steps: raw coffee beans must be roasted, the roasted coffee beans must then be ground, and the ground coffee must then be mixed with hot or cold water for a specific time (brewed), the liquid coffee extraction must be separated from the used grounds, and finally, if desired, the extracted coffee is combined with other elements of the desired beverage, such as sweeteners, dairy products, dairy alternatives, or toppings (such as shaved chocolate). Coffee is usually brewed hot, at close to the boiling point of water, immediately before drinking, yielding a hot beverage capable of scalding if splashed or spilled; if not consumed promptly, coffee is often sealed into a vacuum flask or insulated bottle to maintain its temperature. In most areas, coffee may be purchased unprocessed, or already roasted, or already roasted and ground. Whole roast coffee or ground coffee is often vacuum-packed to prevent oxidation and lengthen its shelf life. Especially in hot climates, some find cold or iced coffee more refreshing. This can be prepared well in advance as it maintains its character when stored cold better than as a hot beverage.

Espresso is a concentrated form of coffee produced by forcing hot water under high pressure through finely-ground coffee beans. Originating in Italy, espresso has become one of the most popular coffee-brewing methods worldwide. It is characterized by its small serving size, typically 25–30 ml, and its distinctive layers: a dark body topped with a lighter-colored foam called crema. Espresso machines use pressure to extract a highly concentrated coffee with a complex flavor profile in a short time, usually 25–30 seconds. The result is a beverage with a higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids than regular drip coffee, giving espresso its characteristic body and intensity. Espresso serves as the base for numerous popular coffee drinks, including cappuccino, latte, and americano. It can be made with various types of coffee beans and roast levels, allowing for a wide range of flavors and strengths. The quality of an espresso is influenced by factors such as the grind size, water temperature, pressure, and the barista's skill in tamping the coffee grounds.

Espresso con panna is a single or double shot of espresso topped with whipped cream. In France and in the United Kingdom it is known as café viennois. In northern continental Europe, the term Wiener Melange refers to a different drink, made with foamed milk and having no whipped cream on top. In Vienna, an espresso con panna is properly called a Franziskaner, but ordering a Wiener Melange may sometimes yield the arrival of espresso con panna even in Vienna. In France, café viennois refers to both an espresso con panna and a Wiener Melange. In Australia, a similar drink may be called Café Vienna although espresso con panna will traditionally be in an espresso sized cup, whereas Café Vienna will be served in the same size as a latte.

Non-alcoholic beverages such as tea, hwachae, sikhye, sujeonggwa, tang, jang, suksu, galsu, honeyed water, juice and milk

A French press, also known as a cafetière, cafetière à piston, caffettiera a stantuffo, press pot, coffee press, or coffee plunger, is a coffee brewing device, although it can also be used for other tasks. The earliest known device was patented in 1852 in France by Jacques-Victor Delforge and Henri-Otto Mayer. In English, the device is known in North America as a French press or coffee press; in Britain and Ireland as a cafetière, after the brand, La Cafetière; in New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa as a coffee plunger, and coffee brewed in it as plunger coffee. In Italian, it is known as a caffettiera a stantuffo; in German as a Pressstempelkanne, Stempelkanne , Stabfilterkanne, Kaffeepresse ("coffee press") or Bistrokanne; in French as cafetière à piston, or simply as cafetière (also the usage in Dutch), though some speakers might also use genericized trademarks, such as Melior or Bodum.

Gamnip-cha or persimmon leaf tea is a traditional Korean tea made from the dried leaves of Oriental persimmon. Young leaves are picked in May or June, washed, and dried for two to three days in shade. Dried leaves are usually cut into small pieces and steamed, and dried again. To make the tea, 2–3 grams (0.071–0.106 oz) of the dried leaves are brewed for 15 minutes in 100 millilitres (3.5 imp fl oz; 3.4 US fl oz) of water which was boiled and cooled to 70 °C (158 °F). A drop of maesil-ju (plum liquor) or yuja-cheong (yuja marmalade) can be added to the tea when served.

Gugi-cha or goji tea is a traditional Chinese and Korean tea made from dried goji berries or leaves. Traditionally, the tea was made with young goji leaves. Today, mature leaves or, more commonly, berries are used. The tea made with berries may be called gugija-cha (구기자차; 枸杞子茶) or goji berry tea, while the tea made with leaves is referred to as gugiyeop-cha (구기엽차; 枸杞葉茶) or goji leaf tea. Tea using berries is prepared with around 20–25 g (0.71–0.88 oz) of dried goji berries simmered in two cups of water, with various possible flavorings or sweeteners added. Leaf tea may be prepared with around 2–3 g (0.071–0.106 oz) of dried leaves infused in a cup of hot water.

Rice alcohol

Red distilled spirit made with jicho roots

Hwachae is a general term for traditional Korean punches, made with various fruits or edible flower petals. The fruits and flowers are soaked in honeyed water or honeyed magnolia berry juice. In modern South Korea, carbonated drinks and fruit juices are also commonly added to hwachae. Hwachae is often garnished with pine nuts before it is served. It is said that there are around thirty types of traditional hwachae. Flower petals are coated with mung bean starch and blanched, cooled in ice water, and drained before being put in hwachae. Flower hwachae is usually topped with pine nuts.

Brown rice tea, called hyeonmi-cha in Korean and nước gạo lứt (lit. "brown rice water"), nước gạo lứt rang (lit. "roasted brown rice water"), or nước gạo rang (lit "roasted rice water") in Vietnamese, is an infusion made from roasted brown rice. This tea is prepared by infusing roasted brown rice in boiling water. Brown japonica rice is typically used in Korea. The rice is washed, soaked, roasted in a dry pan or pot, and cooled. Around 50 g (1.8 oz) of roasted brown rice is added to 600 ml (21 imp fl oz; 20 US fl oz) of boiling water and simmered for a short time, around five to ten minutes. Rice grains may be strained before serving. The beverage may range from pale yellow to light golden brown in color. Pre-roasted rice used to make hyenomi-cha is available commercially in groceries, traditional markets, and supermarkets in Korea and Korean groceries overseas.

Ginseng tea, or insam-cha , is a traditional Korean tea made with ginseng. While it is called a tea, ginseng tea does not contain tea leaves. It is a herbal tea infusion made out of the ginseng plant's root. Ginseng is a perennial herb derived from the aromatic root of Panax Ginseng Meyer, also known as Korean ginseng. Ginseng grows in shady forests that are cool and damp. It is a slow-growing plant and is difficult to cultivate. It can take four to six years before the root is ready to be harvested. Ginseng roots have a forked and twisted appearance that somewhat resembles the human body. Ginseng roots have been used in East Asian countries for more than 2,000 years. The roots can be used fresh; however, there are various forms which can be processed in different ways for different uses. Fresh roots can be processed into red ginseng (홍삼, hongsam) by steaming and drying, or into white ginseng (백삼, paeksam) by a simpler process of air-drying. Ginseng roots are often ground or powdered but also can be soaked to make an extract or herbal tincture. Tea can be made from the ground ginseng.

Insam-ju , also called ginseng liquor or ginseng wine, is an alcoholic beverage made of ginseng. As ginseng itself, the liquor is one of the specialities of both North and South Korea. The liquor can be served either cold or hot.

Brews several different beers

Caffè latte , often shortened to just latte (/ˈlɑːteɪ, ˈlæteɪ/) in English, is a coffee drink of Italian origin made with espresso and steamed milk, traditionally served in a glass. Variants include the chocolate-flavored mocha or replacing the coffee with another beverage base such as masala chai (spiced Indian tea), mate, matcha, turmeric or rooibos; alternatives to milk, such as soy milk, almond milk or oat milk, are also used. The term comes from the Italian caffellatte or caffè latte, from caffè e latte, literally 'coffee and milk'; in English orthography, either or both words sometimes have an accent on the final e (a hyperforeignism in the case of *latté, or to indicate it is pronounced, not the more-common silent final e of English). In northern Europe and Scandinavia, the term café au lait has traditionally been used for the combination of espresso and milk. In France, cafè latte is from the original name of the beverage (caffè latte); a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a "latte" is in French called un crème (un grand crème using cream instead of milk) and in German Milchkaffee.

Latte macchiato is a coffee beverage. The name is Italian for 'stained milk', referring to the way the drink is prepared, by pouring a shot of espresso into steamed milk. It is a play on espresso macchiato, an older drink consisting of espresso marked with a dollop or two of milk or cream. Latte macchiato differs from caffè latte in several ways. First, in a latte macchiato, espresso is added to milk, rather than milk to espresso as in a caffè latte. Second, a latte macchiato features more foam rather than simply hot milk. A latte macchiato often uses only half an espresso shot or less. Finally, a latte macchiato is often a layered drink, rather than being mixed as in a caffè latte.

Distilled alcohol

A liqueur is an alcoholic drink composed of spirits (often rectified spirit) and additional flavorings such as sugar, fruits, herbs, and spices. Often served with or after dessert, they are typically heavily sweetened and un-aged beyond a resting period during production, when necessary, for their flavors to mingle. Liqueurs are historical descendants of herbal medicines. They were made in France as early as the 13th century, often prepared by monks (for example, Chartreuse). Today they are produced all over the world, commonly served neat, over ice, with coffee, in cocktails, and used in cooking. The French word liqueur is derived from the Latin liquifacere, which means "to dissolve".

A long black is a style of coffee commonly found in Australia and New Zealand, made by pouring a single shot of espresso into hot water. It is similar to an americano, in which hot water is poured into one shot of espresso. Typically about 100–120 milliliters (3.5–4 ounces) of water is used but the measurement is considered to be flexible to individual taste. The smaller volume of water compared to an Americano is responsible for its stronger taste. Both retain the crema when brewed properly, though in the long black the crema will be more pronounced.

Lotte Chilsung Beverage Co., Ltd. is a drink manufacturer in South Korea affiliated with Lotte Corporation. The company's name, Chilsung (Korean: 칠성; Hanja: 七星; RR: Chilseong), signifies "Big Dipper" or seven stars, and its logo displays seven stars aligned in a row. Chilsung was founded in May 1950, then known as the Dongbang Beverage Company, and began with the launch of Chilsung Cider, a lemon-lime soft drink. In 1967, they became Hanmi Foods Industry Co., then changing to Chilsung Hanmi Foods Corporation in 1973, eventually becoming the Chilsung Beverage Company.

Lungo , known in full in Italian as caffè lungo, is a coffee beverage made by using an espresso machine to make an Italian-style coffee—short black (a single espresso shot) with more water (generally twice as much), resulting in a larger coffee, a lungo. A normal serving of espresso takes from 18 to 30 seconds to pull, and fills 25 to 30 millilitres, while a lungo may take up to a minute to pull, and might fill 50 to 70 millilitres. Extraction time of the dose is determined by the variety of coffee beans (usually a blend of Arabica and Robusta), their grind and the pressure of the machine. It is usually brewed using an espresso machine, but with two times the amount of water to the same weight of coffee, to make a much longer drink.

Beer, called maekju in Korean, was first introduced to Korea in the early 20th century. Seoul's first brewery opened in 1908. Two current major breweries date back to the 1930s. The third brewery established in Korea, Jinro Coors Brewery, was founded in the 1990s. It was later acquired by Oriental Breweries (OB). Hite Breweries's former name was Chosun Breweries, which was established in 1933. The company changed its name to Hite Breweries in 1998. OB Breweries established as Showa Kirin Breweries in 1933. The company changed its name to OB Breweries in 1995. The South Korean beer market is currently dominated by two major manufacturers, Hite-Jinro and OB, with several brands being sold in the local market. Most restaurants and bars in Korea only have one of these beer brands on tap (Hite or OB's Cass), as they are largely regarded to be similar in taste and price (they are mostly brewed from rice). Imported beers are widely available in Korea, but are generally expensive - usually costing at least ₩8,000 and as much as ₩15,000 for a pint of Guinness in bars in downtown Seoul, versus approximately ₩3,000 for local brands. Recently[when?], microbreweries have sprouted up throughout the country, showing increasing signs of sophistication. Out of South Korea's mass-produced beers, only two are brewed from 100% barley malt: Max (Hite) and OB Golden Lager.

Chilled plum tea

Chilled plum tea

Makgeolli , sometimes anglicized to makkoli (/ˈmækəli/, MAK-ə-lee), is a Korean alcoholic drink. It is a milky, off-white, and lightly sparkling rice wine that has a slight viscosity, and tastes slightly sweet, tangy, bitter, and astringent. Chalky sediment gives it a cloudy appearance. As a low proof drink of six to nine percent alcohol by volume, it is often considered a "communal beverage" rather than hard liquor. In Korea, makgeolli is often unpasteurized, and the wine continues to mature in the bottle. Because of the short shelf life of unpasteurized "draft" makgeolli, many exported makgeolli undergo pasteurization, which deprives the beverage of complex enzymes and flavor compounds. Recently, various fruits such as strawberries and bananas have been added to makgeolli to create forms with new flavours. The name makgeolli (막걸리) is a compound, consisting of mak (막; "roughly, recklessly, carelessly") and a deverbal noun derived from the verb stem georeu- (거르-; "to strain, to sift, to filter") to which is added a noun-forming suffix -i (-이).

Milkis is a Korean soft drink produced by Lotte Chilsung, a South Korean beverage company. It combines many of the common elements of traditional carbonated beverages such as sugar, and carbonated water with milk to create a creamy taste; its label proclaims "New feeling of soda beverage". As of 2024, U.S.-market Milkis cans state "Korea's No. 1 Cream Soda". Milkis is available in orange, strawberry, mango, melon, banana, peach, apple, and classic (regular) flavors; the classic flavor is also featured as a glaze in pastries. It is a popular beverage in South Korea, and it is available worldwide.

Misu is a beverage made from the traditional Korean grain powder misu-garu (미숫가루; misutgaru; lit. misu powder), which is a combination of 7–10 different grains. It is usually served on hot summer days to quench thirst or as an instant nutritious drink for breakfast or as a healthy snack. In a Joseon Dynasty (1392–1897) recipe book, misu was mentioned as stir-fried barley (gu). Gu was a delicacy of that time and easy to serve as one went to travel.

Munbae-ju is a Korean traditional distilled liquor that is considered one of the finest Korean spirits. This name is derived from its fruity scent from the wild pear, though no pear is used in its production. Munbaeju is brewed from wheat, hulled millet, Indian millet, and nuruk (fermentation starter), then distilled. Although it is South Korea's "Important Intangible Cultural Property Number 86-1", it originated from North Korea's Pyeongyang. Its origins are traced to the Goryeo Dynasty. The water used to produce Munbaeju comes from the Taedong River. A royal subject of Wang Geon presented him with home-brewed munbaeju, which his family had made with a secret recipe for generations. Wang Geon was so impressed with its taste, that he gave the subject a high-ranking position in the government. Ever since this event, Munbaeju was a wine drunk by kings, and is commonly served to important foreign dignitaries during welcoming receptions.

Green tea is a type of tea that is made from Camellia sinensis leaves and buds that have not undergone the same withering and oxidation process which is used to make oolong teas and black teas. Green tea originated in China, and since then its production and manufacture has spread to other countries in East Asia. Several varieties of green tea exist, which differ substantially based on the variety of C. sinensis used, growing conditions, horticultural methods, production processing, and time of harvest. Tea consumption has its legendary origins in China during the reign of mythological Emperor Shennong.

Distilled liquor

Oksusu-cha or corn tea is a Korean tea made from corn. While oksusu-suyeom-cha (옥수수수염차) or corn silk tea refers to the tea made from corn silk, oksusu-cha can be made from corn kernels, corn silk, or a combination of both. The caffeine-free infusion is a popular hot drink in winter. Along with bori-cha (barley tea), oksusu-cha is one of the free grain teas served in many restaurants in place of water. In Gangwon Province, the tea is called gangnaengi-cha (강냉이차)—gangnaengi is a Gangwon dialect for "corn"—and is consumed throughout late autumn and winter in most households. Traditionally, corn kernels are dried and roasted to prepare oksusu-cha. The roasted corn kernels are then boiled in water until the tea turns yellow. The tea is then strained and the boiled corn discarded. Although the drink is naturally sweet, sugar is sometimes added when a sweeter flavor is desired.

Omija-hwachae or magnolia berry punch is a sweet and tangy hwachae (punch) made with magnolia berries—omija in Korean. The reddish-pink punch is typically served during hot summer days. The base is made by infusing dried magnolia berries in water until the color develops, sieving the liquid through a fine cloth, then sweetening with honey, sugar or syrup. It is served with decorative slices of Asian pear and pine nuts floating at the top.

Brews several different beers

Rice wine mixed with grapes

Ristretto , known in full in Italian as caffè ristretto, is a "short shot" (20 ml (0.7 imp fl oz; 0.7 US fl oz) from a double basket) of a highly concentrated espresso coffee. It is made with the same amount of ground coffee, but extracted (also in from 20 to 30 seconds) using half as much water. A normal short shot might look like a ristretto, but in reality, would only be a weaker, more diluted, shot. The opposite of a ristretto (Italian for 'shortened', 'narrow') is a lungo ('long'), which has double the amount of water. The French call a ristretto café serré. Regardless of whether one uses a hand pressed machine or an automatic, a regular double shot is generally considered to be around 14–18 g (0.49–0.63 oz) of ground coffee extracted into about 40 ml (2 fl oz; two shot glasses). Thus, a "double ristretto" consumes the same amount of coffee beans but fills only a single shot glass.