90 Dishes

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Balela

Balila is a levantine dish consisting of chickpeas that have been boiled along with lemon juice, garlic, and various spices. it is served as a hot mezze dish. the name is also used for a different egyptian dish made of wheat, milk, nuts, and raisins.

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Betinjan maqli

Fried eggplant with parsley, garlic, sumac

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Caviar

Caviar (also known as caviare; from persian: خاویار, romanized: khâvyâr, lit. 'egg-bearing') is a food consisting of salt-cured roe of the family acipenseridae. caviar is considered a delicacy and is eaten as a garnish or a spread. traditionally, the term caviar refers only to roe from wild sturgeon in the caspian sea and black sea (beluga, ossetra and sevruga caviars). the term caviar can also describe the roe of other species of sturgeon or other fish such as salmon, steelhead, trout, lumpfish, whitefish, or carp.the roe can be "fresh" (non-pasteurized) or pasteurized, with pasteurization reducing its culinary and economic value.

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Croissant

A croissant (uk: , us: , french: [kʁwasɑ̃] (listen)) is a buttery, flaky, french viennoiserie pastry inspired by the shape of the austrian kipferl but using the french yeast-leavened laminated dough. croissants are named for their historical crescent shape, the dough is layered with butter, rolled and folded several times in succession, then rolled into a thin sheet, in a technique called laminating. the process results in a layered, flaky texture, similar to a puff pastry. crescent-shaped breads have been made since the renaissance, and crescent-shaped cakes possibly since antiquity but using brioche dough. kipferls have long been a staple of austrian, and french bakeries and pâtisseries. the modern croissant was developed in the early 20th century when french bakers replaced the brioche dough of the kipferl with a yeast-leavened laminated dough. in the late 1970s, the development of factory-made, frozen, preformed but unbaked dough made them into a fast food that could be freshly baked by unskilled labor. the croissant bakery, notably the la croissanterie chain, was a french response to american-style fast food, and as of 2008, 30–40% of the croissants sold in french bakeries and patisseries were baked from frozen dough.croissants are a common part of a continental breakfast in many european countries.

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Dates

Dates from siwa oasis, varieties such as azzawi, frehi, siwi

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Fattoush

Fattoush (arabic: فتوش; also fattush, fatush, fattoosh, and fattouche) is a levantine salad made from toasted or fried pieces of khubz (arabic flat bread) combined with mixed greens and other vegetables, such as radishes and tomatoes. fattoush is popular among all communities in the levant.

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Feteer meshaltet

Feteer meshaltet (egyptian arabic: فطير مشلتت, literally "cushioned pies" or "cushion-like pies"), often simply referred to as feteer (فطير), is a flaky egyptian layered pastry. it consists of many thin layers of dough and ghee and an optional filling. the fillings can be both sweet or savory. sweet fillings may include cheese, coconut, mehalabiya, malban, nutella or chocolate, while savory fillings can be anything from ground beef to sausage or cheese. plain feteer is usually soaked in honey and spread with jam or cheese or served with olives. because of its versatility, feteer is often referred to as an egyptian pizza.feteer meshaltet has become an important symbol of hospitality in egypt. as such, it was served to american president barack obama during his visit to egypt in june 2009. egyptian families traditionally give it as gifts to visitors and friends. it is also commonly prepared for holidays, weddings, and other celebrations.

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French fries

French fries (north american english), chips (british english), finger chips (indian english), french-fried potatoes, or simply fries, are batonnet or allumette-cut deep-fried potatoes, disputed origin from belgium and france. they are prepared by cutting potatoes into even strips, drying them, and frying them, usually in a deep fryer. pre-cut, blanched, and frozen russet potatoes are widely used, and sometimes baked in a regular or convection oven; air fryers are small convection ovens marketed for frying potatoes. french fries are served hot, either soft or crispy, and are generally eaten as part of lunch or dinner or by themselves as a snack, and they commonly appear on the menus of diners, fast food restaurants, pubs, and bars. they are often salted and may be served with ketchup, vinegar, mayonnaise, tomato sauce, or other local specialities. fries can be topped more heavily, as in the dishes of poutine or chili cheese fries. french fries can be made from sweet potatoes instead of potatoes. a baked variant, oven fries, uses less or no oil.

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Fried eggplant

Sliced, battered and deep-fried eggplant, serve with tahini, garden vegetables, flatbread

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Ka'ak

Ka'ak (arabic: كعك, also transliterated kaak) or kahqa is the common arabic word for biscuit, and can refer to several different types of baked goods produced throughout the arab world and the near east. the bread, in middle eastern countries, is similar to a dry and hardened biscuit and mostly ring-shaped. this pastry is popular in indonesia, and called as "kue kaak".

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Kashk

Kashk (persian: کشک kašk, kurdish: keşk), qurut (tuvan and kyrgyz: курут, kazakh: құрт, turkmen: gurt, uzbek: qurt, azerbaijani: qurut, pashto: قروت, armenian: չորթան-chortan, turkish: kurut) or aaruul and khuruud (mongolian: ааруул or хурууд) is a range of dairy products used in cuisines of iranian, afghan, pakistani, turkish, kurdish, mongolian, central asian, transcaucasian and the levantine people. kashk is made from drained yogurt (in particular, drained qatiq) or drained sour milk by shaping it and letting it dry. it can be made in a variety of forms, like rolled into balls, sliced into strips, and formed into chunks. there are three main kinds of food products with this name: foods based on curdled milk products like yogurt or cheese; foods based on barley broth, bread, or flour; and foods based on cereals combined with curdled milk.

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Labneh

Strained yogurt, greek yogurt, yogurt cheese, sack yogurt, or kerned yogurt is yogurt that has been strained to remove most of its whey, resulting in a thicker consistency than normal unstrained yogurt, while still preserving the distinctive sour taste of yogurt. like many types, strained yogurt is often made from milk enriched by boiling off some water content, or by adding extra butterfat and powdered milk. in europe and north america, it is often made from low-fat or fat-free cow's milk. in iceland, a similar product named skyr is made. strained yogurt is generally marketed in north america as "greek yogurt" and in the uk as "greek-style yogurt", though strained yogurt is also widely eaten in levantine, eastern mediterranean, middle eastern, central asian and south asian cuisines, where it is often used in cooking, as it curdles less readily when cooked. it is used in a variety of dishes, cooked or raw, savory or sweet. straining makes even nonfat varieties thicker, richer, and creamier than unstrained. since straining removes the whey, more milk is required to make strained yogurt, increasing the production cost. thickeners such as pectin, locust bean gum, starches or guar gum may also be used to thicken yogurts. in western europe and the us, strained yogurt has increased in popularity compared to unstrained yogurt. since the straining process removes some of the lactose, strained yogurt is lower in sugar than unstrained yogurt.it was reported in 2012 that most of the growth in the $4.1 billion american yogurt industry came from the strained yogurt sub-segment, typically marketed as "greek yogurt". in the us, there is no legal or standard definition of greek yogurt, and yogurt thickened with thickening agents may also be sold as "greek yogurt".

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Muammar rice

Creamy rice casserole, may also be made with, for example, lamb, beef, veal, chicken, cinnamon, nutmeg, onion

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Olives

The olive, botanical name olea europaea, meaning 'european olive' in latin, is a species of small tree or shrub in the family oleaceae, found traditionally in the mediterranean basin. when in shrub form, it is known as olea europaea 'montra', dwarf olive, or little olive. the species is cultivated in all the countries of the mediterranean, as well as in australia, new zealand, north and south america and south africa. olea europaea is the type species for the genus olea. the olive's fruit, also called an "olive", is of major agricultural importance in the mediterranean region as the source of olive oil; it is one of the core ingredients in mediterranean cuisine. the tree and its fruit give their name to the plant family, which also includes species such as lilac, jasmine, forsythia, and the true ash tree. hundreds of cultivars of the olive tree are known. olive cultivars may be used primarily for oil, eating, or both. olives cultivated for consumption are generally referred to as "table olives". about 90% of all harvested olives are turned into oil, while about 10% are used as table olives.

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Popcorn

Popcorn (also called popped corn, popcorns or pop-corn) is a variety of corn kernel which expands and puffs up when heated; the same names also refer to the foodstuff produced by the expansion. a popcorn kernel's strong hull contains the seed's hard, starchy shell endosperm with 14–20% moisture, which turns to steam as the kernel is heated. pressure from the steam continues to build until the hull ruptures, allowing the kernel to forcefully expand, to 20 to 50 times its original volume, and then cool.some strains of corn (taxonomized as zea mays) are cultivated specifically as popping corns. the zea mays variety everta, a special kind of flint corn, is the most common of these. popcorn is one of six major types of corn, which includes dent corn, flint corn, pod corn, flour corn, and sweet corn.

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Preserved lemons

Preserved lemon or lemon pickle is a condiment that is common in the cuisines of indian subcontinent and morocco. it's also found in 18th-century english cuisine.it is also known as "country lemon" and leems. diced, quartered, halved, or whole lemons are pickled in a brine of water, lemon juice, and salt; occasionally spices are included as well. the pickle is allowed to ferment at room temperature for weeks or months before it is used. the pulp of the preserved lemon can be used in stews and sauces, but it is the peel (zest and pith together) that is most valued. the flavor is mildly tart but intensely lemony.

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Rice

Rice is the seed of the grass species oryza sativa (asian rice) or less commonly oryza glaberrima (african rice). the name wild rice is usually used for species of the genera zizania and porteresia, both wild and domesticated, although the term may also be used for primitive or uncultivated varieties of oryza. as a cereal grain, domesticated rice is the most widely consumed staple food for over half of the world's human population, especially in asia and africa. it is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production, after sugarcane and maize. since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important food crop with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans. there are many varieties of rice and culinary preferences tend to vary regionally. the traditional method for cultivating rice is flooding the fields while, or after, setting the young seedlings. this simple method requires sound irrigation planning but reduces the growth of less robust weed and pest plants that have no submerged growth state, and deters vermin. while flooding is not mandatory for the cultivation of rice, all other methods of irrigation require higher effort in weed and pest control during growth periods and a different approach for fertilizing the soil. rice, a monocot, is normally grown as an annual plant, although in tropical areas it can survive as a perennial and can produce a ratoon crop for up to 30 years. rice cultivation is well-suited to countries and regions with low labor costs and high rainfall, as it is labor-intensive to cultivate and requires ample water. however, rice can be grown practically anywhere, even on a steep hill or mountain area with the use of water-controlling terrace systems. although its parent species are native to asia and certain parts of africa, centuries of trade and exportation have made it commonplace in many cultures worldwide. production and consumption of rice is estimated to have been responsible for 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2010.

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Rocket salad

Arugula salad, made with tomatoes, cucumbers, onion, mint, olive oil, lemon juice

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Salata baladi

Vegetable salad, made with cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, herbs, oil and vinegar, several variations depending on what vegetables are available throughout the year

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Salatat shamandar

Beet salad with vinaigrette

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Tamia

Egyptian tamia are deep-fried fava bean fritters, though other countries typically used chickpeas, serve with ful medames, on a roll as a sandwich

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Torshi

Torshi (persian: ترشی torshi, meaning "sourness") are the pickled vegetables of many middle eastern and balkan cuisines. torshi is common in arab, turkish, afghan, bosnian, armenian and iranian cuisine. iran has hundreds of types of torshi, according to regional customs and different events. in some families, no meal is considered complete without a bowl of torshi on the table. toursi is a traditional appetizer (meze) to go with arak, rakı, ouzo, oghi, tsipouro, and rakia. in some regions, notably in turkey (turşu suyu) and bosnia (rasol), the pickle juice or torshi water is a popular beverage. in bulgarian cuisine, the most popular types are tsarska turshiya ("king's pickle") and selska turshiya ("country pickle"). torshi is often made in homes in the autumn, even in cities. it is also sold by specialists and in supermarkets, and is served in restaurants. in 2021, turkey's pickle exports reached the level of 300 million dollars.

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Warak enab

Sarma (cyrillic: сарма), commonly marketed as stuffed grape leaves or stuffed cabbage leaves, is a stuffed dish in southeastern european and middle eastern cuisine that comprises fermented leaves—such as cabbage, patencia dock, collard, grapevine, kale or chard leaves—rolled around a filling of grains (such as rice), minced meat, or both. sarma is part of the broader category of stuffed dishes known as dolma.

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Aish baladi

Flatbread

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Aish fino

Eish fino (egyptian arabic: عيش فينو) is a long baguette-shaped bread roll from egypt made with wheat flour. it is the most commonly consumed bread type in the country after eish baladi, the staple flatbread. it has a soft texture and is often cut open to allow for fillings, common ones include various cheeses, halawa or fried cow liver. the loaves are thin and long, usually around 20 centimeters in length. the width on the other hand can vary greatly, but bakeries rarely make them wider than a few centimeters.

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Aish merahrah

Eish merahrah (egyptian arabic: عيش مرحرح, [ʕeːʃ meˈɾɑħɾɑħ], "smoothed-out bread", "spread-out bread") is a flatbread, made with ground fenugreek seeds and maize, eaten in egypt. it is part of the traditional diet of the egyptian countryside, prepared locally in village homes in upper egypt. the loaves are flat and wide, and usually about 50 cm in diameter. a soft dough is made with the maize flour and left to ferment overnight with a sourdough starter, shaped into round loaves, and then allowed to rise or “proof” for 30 minutes before being flattened into round disks and baked. these loaves can be kept for one to two weeks in an airtight container. the addition of fenugreek seeds is thought to increase the protein content, storage length, and digestibility of the bread.

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Aish shamsi

Eish shamsi (egyptian arabic: عيش شمسي), is a thick sourdough bread eaten in egypt made with wheat flour. in upper egypt it replaces eish baladi as the local staple, although the latter is common as well. the name, which translates to "sun bread", is thought to derive from the practice of letting the dough rise in the sun. the bread is traditionally baked at home in domed clay ovens with openings at the top, although this tradition is fading with pre-made bread becoming increasingly common.

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Ancient Egyptian bread

The cuisine of ancient egypt covers a span of over three thousand years, but still retained many consistent traits until well into greco-roman times. the staples of both poor and wealthy egyptians were bread and beer, often accompanied by green-shooted onions, other vegetables, and to a lesser extent meat, game and fish.

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Baguette

A baguette (; french: [baɡɛt] (listen)) is a long, thin type of bread of french origin that is commonly made from basic lean dough (the dough, though not the shape, is defined by french law). it is distinguishable by its length and crisp crust. a baguette has a diameter of about 5 to 6 centimetres (2–2+1⁄2 inches) and a usual length of about 65 cm (26 in), although a baguette can be up to 1 m (39 in) long. in november 2018, documentation surrounding the "craftsmanship and culture" on making this bread was added to the french ministry of culture's national inventory of intangible cultural heritage. in may 2021, france submitted the baguette for unesco heritage status.

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Bataw

Bataw (egyptian arabic: بتاو) is a leavened flatbread from egypt. it is widely consumed in the egyptian countryside. the main ingredients of the bread vary depending on the region.

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Brioche

Brioche (, also uk: , us: , french: [bʁijɔʃ]) is a bread of french origin whose high egg and butter content gives it a rich and tender crumb. chef joël robuchon described it as "light and slightly puffy, more or less fine, according to the proportion of butter and eggs." it has a dark, golden, and flaky crust, frequently accentuated by an egg wash applied after proofing. brioche is considered a viennoiserie because it is made in the same basic way as bread, but has the richer aspect of a pastry because of the extra addition of eggs, butter, liquid (milk, water, cream, and, sometimes, brandy) and occasionally sugar. brioche, along with pain au lait and pain aux raisins—which are commonly eaten at breakfast or as a snack—form a leavened subgroup of viennoiserie. brioche is often cooked with fruit or chocolate chips and served on its own, or as the basis of a dessert with many local variations in added ingredients, fillings or toppings.

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Challah

Challah (, hebrew: חַלָּה ḥallā [χa'la] or [ħal'lɑ]; plural: challot, challoth or challos) is a special bread of ashkenazi jewish origin, usually braided and typically eaten on ceremonial occasions such as shabbat and major jewish holidays (other than passover). ritually acceptable challah is made of dough from which a small portion has been set aside as an offering. challah may also refer to the dough offering. the word is biblical in origin, though originally referred only to the dough offering. similar braided breads such as kalach and vánočka are found across eastern europe.

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Khubz

Khubz, alternatively transliterated as khoubz, khobez, khubez, or khubooz,, is the usual word for "bread" in standard arabic and in many of the vernaculars. among the breads popular in middle eastern countries are "pocket" pita bread in the levant and egypt, and the flat tannur bread in iraq. the oldest known find of bread, by archaeologists in northern jordan, dates back 14,000 years. it was a sort of unleavened flatbread made with several types of wild cereals.

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Markook

Markook bread (arabic: خبز مرقوق, romanized: khubz marqūq), also known as khubz ruqaq (arabic: رقاق), shrak (arabic: شراك), khubz rqeeq (arabic: رقيق), mashrooh (arabic: مشروح), and saj bread (arabic: خبز صاج), is a kind of middle eastern unleavened flatbread common in the levant and the arabian peninsula. it is baked on a convex metal griddle (a saj) or in a tannour.markook shrak is a type of thin bread. the dough is unleavened and usually made with only flour, water, and salt, and after being rested and divided into round portions, flattened and spread across a round cushion until it is thin then flipped onto the saj. it is often folded and put in bags before being sold. it is commonly compared to pita bread, also found in middle eastern cuisine, although it is much larger and thinner. in some arab countries, such as yemen, different names are given for the same flatbread, such as khamir, maluj and ṣaluf, depending on the regional dialects. by israelis, markook may also be referred to as laffa, though markook and laffa are distinct types of flatbread.

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Puri

Puri (sometimes spelled as poori) is a deep-fried bread made from unleavened whole-wheat flour that originated in the indian subcontinent. it is eaten for breakfast or as a snack or light meal. it is usually served with a savory curry or bhaji, as in puri bhaji, but may also be eaten with sweet dishes. puris are most commonly served as breakfast and snacks. it is also served at special or ceremonial functions as part of ceremonial rituals along with other vegetarian food offered in hindu prayer as prasadam.

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Mombar

Mombar (in ِarabic: ممبار) or sheep fawaregh (in ِarabic: فوارغ) is a kind of arab sausage dish especially popular in egypt. syria, algeria, tunisia, and libya. it is made from sheep casing stuffed with a rice and meat mixture and deep fried.

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Sujuk

Sujuk or sucuk is a dry, spicy and fermented sausage which is consumed in several balkan, middle eastern and central asian cuisines. sujuk mainly consists of ground meat and animal fat usually obtained from beef or lamb, but horse meat is also often used in bulgaria, kazakhstan and kyrgyzstan.

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Akkawi

Akkawi cheese (arabic: جبنة عكاوي, romanized: jubna ʿakkāwī, also akawi, akawieh and ackawi) is a white brine cheese named after the city of akka (acre, present-day israel).

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Areesh

Strained yogurt, greek yogurt, yogurt cheese, sack yogurt, or kerned yogurt is yogurt that has been strained to remove most of its whey, resulting in a thicker consistency than normal unstrained yogurt, while still preserving the distinctive sour taste of yogurt. like many types, strained yogurt is often made from milk enriched by boiling off some water content, or by adding extra butterfat and powdered milk. in europe and north america, it is often made from low-fat or fat-free cow's milk. in iceland, a similar product named skyr is made. strained yogurt is generally marketed in north america as "greek yogurt" and in the uk as "greek-style yogurt", though strained yogurt is also widely eaten in levantine, eastern mediterranean, middle eastern, central asian and south asian cuisines, where it is often used in cooking, as it curdles less readily when cooked. it is used in a variety of dishes, cooked or raw, savory or sweet. straining makes even nonfat varieties thicker, richer, and creamier than unstrained. since straining removes the whey, more milk is required to make strained yogurt, increasing the production cost. thickeners such as pectin, locust bean gum, starches or guar gum may also be used to thicken yogurts. in western europe and the us, strained yogurt has increased in popularity compared to unstrained yogurt. since the straining process removes some of the lactose, strained yogurt is lower in sugar than unstrained yogurt.it was reported in 2012 that most of the growth in the $4.1 billion american yogurt industry came from the strained yogurt sub-segment, typically marketed as "greek yogurt". in the us, there is no legal or standard definition of greek yogurt, and yogurt thickened with thickening agents may also be sold as "greek yogurt".

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Baramily

White cheese made from cow and buffalo milk

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Cottage cheese

Cottage cheese is a curdled milk product with a mild flavor and a creamy, non-homogeneous, soupy texture. it is also known as curds and whey. it is made from cow's milk by draining the cheese, as opposed to pressing it to make cheese curd—retaining some of the whey and keeping the curds loose. an important step in the manufacturing process distinguishing cottage cheese from other fresh cheeses is the adding of a "dressing" to the curd grains, usually cream, which is largely responsible for the taste of the product. cottage cheese is not aged. cottage cheese can be low in calories compared to other types of cheese, making it popular among dieters and some health devotees, similar to yogurt. it can be used with a wide variety of foods such as yogurt, fruit, toast, granola, in salads, as a dip, and as a replacement for mayonnaise.

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Domiati

Domiati cheese, also referred to as white cheese (egyptian arabic: جبنة بيضا gebna bēḍa [ˈɡebnæ ˈbeːdɑ]), is a soft white salty cheese made primarily in egypt, but also in sudan and other middle eastern countries. typically made from buffalo milk, cow milk, or a mixture, it can also be made from other milks, such as sheep, goat or camel milk. it is the most common egyptian cheese. unlike feta and other white cheeses, salt is added directly to the milk, before rennet is added. it is named after the seaport city of damietta (also spelled damiata, or domyat).

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Feta

Feta (greek: φέτα, féta) is a greek brined white cheese made from sheep's milk or from a mixture of sheep and goat's milk. it is soft, with small or no holes, a compact touch, few cuts, and no skin. crumbly with a slightly grainy texture, it is formed into large blocks and aged in brine. its flavor is tangy and salty, ranging from mild to sharp. feta is used as a table cheese, in salads such as greek salad, and in pastries, notably the phyllo-based greek dishes spanakopita "spinach pie" and tyropita "cheese pie". it is often served with olive oil or olives, and sprinkled with aromatic herbs such as oregano. it can also be served cooked (often grilled), as part of a sandwich, in omelettes, and many other dishes. since 2002, feta has been a protected designation of origin in the european union. eu legislation and similar legislation in 25 other countries limits the name feta to cheeses produced in the traditional way in mainland greece and lesbos prefecture, which are made from sheep's milk, or from a mixture of sheep's and up to 30% of goat's milk from the same area.similar white, brined cheeses (often called "white cheese" in various languages) are made traditionally in the balkans and around the black sea, and more recently elsewhere. outside the eu, the name feta is often used generically for these cheeses.

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Halloumi

Halloumi or haloumi () is a traditional cypriot cheese made from a mixture of goat's and sheep's milk, and sometimes also cow's milk. its texture is described as squeaky. it has a high melting point and so can easily be fried or grilled, a property that makes it a popular meat substitute. rennet (mostly vegetarian or microbial) is used to curdle the milk in halloumi production, although no acid-producing bacteria are used in its preparation.halloumi is often associated with the island of cyprus, where it has been produced by a multi-ethnic population for many centuries. it is also popular throughout the eastern mediterranean. it became widely available in turkey after 2000. by 2013, demand in the united kingdom had surpassed that in every other european country except cyprus.in the united states, halloumi is a registered trademark owned by the government of cyprus, while in the uk it is owned by the foundation for the protection of the traditional cheese of cyprus named halloumi. it is also protected as a geographical indication in the eu, as a protected designation of origin (pdo), which means within the eu only products made in certain parts of cyprus can be called "halloumi". pdo protection for halloumi was delayed largely by disagreements among farmers of cattle, sheep, and goats regarding the inclusion of cows' milk, and (if cows' milk were included) the proportion of it.

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Istanbolli

White cheese

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