45 Dishes

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Badambura

Layered pastry with a sweet almond filling

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Caesar salad

A caesar salad (also spelled cesar and cesare) is a green salad of romaine lettuce and croutons dressed with lemon juice (or lime juice), olive oil, egg, worcestershire sauce, anchovies, garlic, dijon mustard, parmesan cheese, and black pepper. in its original form, this salad was prepared and served tableside.

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Caviar

Caviar (also known as caviare; from persian: خاویار, romanized: khâvyâr, lit. 'egg-bearing') is a food consisting of salt-cured roe of the family acipenseridae. caviar is considered a delicacy and is eaten as a garnish or a spread. traditionally, the term caviar refers only to roe from wild sturgeon in the caspian sea and black sea (beluga, ossetra and sevruga caviars). the term caviar can also describe the roe of other species of sturgeon or other fish such as salmon, steelhead, trout, lumpfish, whitefish, or carp.the roe can be "fresh" (non-pasteurized) or pasteurized, with pasteurization reducing its culinary and economic value.

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Choban

Shepherd's salad, chopped cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, onion, parsley in an olive oil and lemon dressing

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Jam

Fruit preserves are preparations of fruits whose main preserving agent is sugar and sometimes acid, often stored in glass jars and used as a condiment or spread. there are many varieties of fruit preserves globally, distinguished by method of preparation, type of fruit used, and place in a meal. sweet fruit preserves such as jams, jellies and marmalades are often eaten at breakfast with bread or as an ingredient of a pastry or dessert, whereas more savory and acidic preserves made from "vegetable fruits" such as tomato, squash or zucchini, are eaten alongside savoury foods such as cheese, cold meats, and curries.

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Kashk

Kashk (persian: کشک kašk, kurdish: keşk), qurut (tuvan and kyrgyz: курут, kazakh: құрт, turkmen: gurt, uzbek: qurt, azerbaijani: qurut, pashto: قروت, armenian: չորթան-chortan, turkish: kurut) or aaruul and khuruud (mongolian: ааруул or хурууд) is a range of dairy products used in cuisines of iranian, afghan, pakistani, turkish, kurdish, mongolian, central asian, transcaucasian and the levantine people. kashk is made from drained yogurt (in particular, drained qatiq) or drained sour milk by shaping it and letting it dry. it can be made in a variety of forms, like rolled into balls, sliced into strips, and formed into chunks. there are three main kinds of food products with this name: foods based on curdled milk products like yogurt or cheese; foods based on barley broth, bread, or flour; and foods based on cereals combined with curdled milk.

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Khazar salad

Potato and cucumber salad topped with sturgeon, salmon and caviar

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Labneh

Strained yogurt, greek yogurt, yogurt cheese, sack yogurt, or kerned yogurt is yogurt that has been strained to remove most of its whey, resulting in a thicker consistency than normal unstrained yogurt, while still preserving the distinctive sour taste of yogurt. like many types, strained yogurt is often made from milk enriched by boiling off some water content, or by adding extra butterfat and powdered milk. in europe and north america, it is often made from low-fat or fat-free cow's milk. in iceland, a similar product named skyr is made. strained yogurt is generally marketed in north america as "greek yogurt" and in the uk as "greek-style yogurt", though strained yogurt is also widely eaten in levantine, eastern mediterranean, middle eastern, central asian and south asian cuisines, where it is often used in cooking, as it curdles less readily when cooked. it is used in a variety of dishes, cooked or raw, savory or sweet. straining makes even nonfat varieties thicker, richer, and creamier than unstrained. since straining removes the whey, more milk is required to make strained yogurt, increasing the production cost. thickeners such as pectin, locust bean gum, starches or guar gum may also be used to thicken yogurts. in western europe and the us, strained yogurt has increased in popularity compared to unstrained yogurt. since the straining process removes some of the lactose, strained yogurt is lower in sugar than unstrained yogurt.it was reported in 2012 that most of the growth in the $4.1 billion american yogurt industry came from the strained yogurt sub-segment, typically marketed as "greek yogurt". in the us, there is no legal or standard definition of greek yogurt, and yogurt thickened with thickening agents may also be sold as "greek yogurt".

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Lobya chigirtmasi

Frittata with green beans and onions

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Manqal salati

Salad made with grilled vegetables such as eggplant, bell peppers, chili peppers, onions and tomatoes

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Midye dolma

Stuffed mussels (turkish: midye dolma) or midye is a generic name for plump orange mussels that contain herbed and spiced rice. midye dolma is a popular and common street food snack in the coastal cities of turkey.

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Pomegranate seeds

The pomegranate (punica granatum) is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub in the family lythraceae, subfamily punicoideae, that grows between 5 and 10 m (16 and 33 ft) tall. the pomegranate was originally described throughout the mediterranean region. it was introduced into spanish america in the late 16th century and into california by spanish settlers in 1769.the fruit is typically in season in the northern hemisphere from october to february, and in the southern hemisphere from march to may. as intact sarcotestas or juice, pomegranates are used in baking, cooking, juice blends, meal garnishes, smoothies, and alcoholic beverages, such as cocktails and wine. pomegranates are widely cultivated throughout the middle east and caucasus region, north and tropical africa, iran, armenia, the indian subcontinent, central asia, the drier parts of southeast asia, and the mediterranean basin.

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Reçel

Fruit preserves are preparations of fruits whose main preserving agent is sugar and sometimes acid, often stored in glass jars and used as a condiment or spread. there are many varieties of fruit preserves globally, distinguished by method of preparation, type of fruit used, and place in a meal. sweet fruit preserves such as jams, jellies and marmalades are often eaten at breakfast with bread or as an ingredient of a pastry or dessert, whereas more savory and acidic preserves made from "vegetable fruits" such as tomato, squash or zucchini, are eaten alongside savoury foods such as cheese, cold meats, and curries.

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Stolichny salad

A variation of olivier salad

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Syrniki

Syrniki (belarusian: сырнікі; russian: сырники) or syrnyky (ukrainian: сирники) are fried eastern slavic quark (curd cheese) pancakes. in russia, they are also known as tvorozhniki (творо́жники). they are a part of belarusian, russian, ukrainian, latvian (sirņiki), lithuanian and serbian cuisine. their simplicity and delicious taste have made them very popular in eastern europe.

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Tomatoes

The tomato is the edible berry of the plant solanum lycopersicum, commonly known as the tomato plant. the species originated in western south america, mexico, and central america. the mexican nahuatl word tomatl gave rise to the spanish word tomate, from which the english word tomato derived. its domestication and use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of mexico. the aztecs used tomatoes in their cooking at the time of the spanish conquest of the aztec empire, and after the spanish encountered the tomato for the first time after their contact with the aztecs, they brought the plant to europe, in a widespread transfer of plants known as the columbian exchange. from there, the tomato was introduced to other parts of the european-colonized world during the 16th century.tomatoes are a significant source of umami flavor. they are consumed in diverse ways: raw or cooked, and in many dishes, sauces, salads, and drinks. while tomatoes are fruits—botanically classified as berries—they are commonly used culinarily as a vegetable ingredient or side dish.numerous varieties of the tomato plant are widely grown in temperate climates across the world, with greenhouses allowing for the production of tomatoes throughout all seasons of the year. tomato plants typically grow to 1–3 meters (3–10 ft) in height. they are vines that have a weak stem that sprawls and typically needs support. indeterminate tomato plants are perennials in their native habitat, but are cultivated as annuals. (determinate, or bush, plants are annuals that stop growing at a certain height and produce a crop all at once.) the size of the tomato varies according to the cultivar, with a range of 1–10 cm (1⁄2–4 in) in width.

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Vegetable greens

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Zeytin

The olive, botanical name olea europaea, meaning 'european olive' in latin, is a species of small tree or shrub in the family oleaceae, found traditionally in the mediterranean basin. when in shrub form, it is known as olea europaea 'montra', dwarf olive, or little olive. the species is cultivated in all the countries of the mediterranean, as well as in australia, new zealand, north and south america and south africa. olea europaea is the type species for the genus olea. the olive's fruit, also called an "olive", is of major agricultural importance in the mediterranean region as the source of olive oil; it is one of the core ingredients in mediterranean cuisine. the tree and its fruit give their name to the plant family, which also includes species such as lilac, jasmine, forsythia, and the true ash tree. hundreds of cultivars of the olive tree are known. olive cultivars may be used primarily for oil, eating, or both. olives cultivated for consumption are generally referred to as "table olives". about 90% of all harvested olives are turned into oil, while about 10% are used as table olives.

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Çörek

Tsoureki (greek: τσουρέκι) also known as شوريك (arabic), choreg or "chorek" (armenian չորեկ, կաթնահունց), çörək (azerbaijani), çyrek (albanian), kozunak (bulgarian козунак), cozonac (romanian) or paskalya çöreği (turkish) is a sweet holiday bread made with flour, milk, butter, eggs, and sugar and commonly seasoned with orange zest, mastic resin, or mahlab. lampropsomo, a variation of tsoureki commonly called "greek easter bread," is made by greek communities during easter, not only in greece, but also in other countries with greek communities. it is also sometimes called armenian easter bread.

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Lavaş

Lavash is a thin flatbread usually leavened, traditionally baked in a tandoor (tonir) or on a sajj, and common to the cuisines of south caucasus, western asia, and the areas surrounding the caspian sea. lavash is one of the most widespread types of bread in armenia, azerbaijan, iran and turkey. the traditional recipe can be adapted to the modern kitchen by using a griddle or wok instead of the tonir.in 2014, "lavash, the preparation, meaning and appearance of traditional bread as an expression of culture in armenia" was inscribed in the unesco representative list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity. in 2016, making and sharing flatbread (lavash, katyrma, jupka or yufka) in communities of azerbaijan, iran, kazakhstan, kyrgyzstan and turkey was inscribed on the list as well. lavash is similar to yufka, but in turkish cuisine lavash (lavaş) is prepared with a yeast dough while yufka is typically unleavened.

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Shor gogal

Spiral layered bun or pastry made with spices such as fennel, anise, turmeric, ginger, cumin and pepper, common during the novruz holiday in the spring

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Simit

Simit is a circular bread, typically encrusted with sesame seeds or, less commonly, poppy, flax or sunflower seeds, found across the cuisines of the former ottoman empire, and the middle east. simit's size, crunch, chewiness, and other characteristics vary slightly by region. it is widely known as turkish bagel in the united states.in i̇zmir, simit is known as gevrek ("crisp"), although it is very similar to the istanbul variety. simit in ankara are smaller and crisper than those of other cities.

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Təndir çörəyi

Tandoor bread refers to a bread baked in a clay oven called a tandoor.

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Kazy

Horse meat sausage

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Kishka

Kishka or kishke (belarusian кішка, kishka; czech republic jelito; slovakia krvavnica; polish: kiszka / kaszanka; romanian chişcă; yiddish קישקע : kishke; hebrew קישקע; russian кишка; ukrainian кишка; also slovene: kašnica; lithuanian vėdarai; hungarian hurka) refers to various types of sausage or stuffed intestine with a filling made from a combination of meat and meal, often a grain. the dish is popular across eastern europe as well as with immigrant communities from those areas. it is also eaten by ashkenazi jews who prepare their version according to kashrut dietary laws. the name kishke is slavic in origin, and literally means "gut" or "intestine." it may be related to the ancient greek word κύστις : kystis, "bladder" as both words refer to a hollow viscus.

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Pastirma

Pastirma or basturma, also called pastarma, pastourma, basdirma, or basterma, is a highly seasoned, air-dried cured beef that is found in the cuisines of turkey, armenia, azerbaijan, bulgaria, egypt, and greece, iraq and north macedonia.

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Salo

Salo (ukrainian: сало, russian: сало, belarusian: сала, hungarian: szalonna, polish: słonina, romanian: slănină, czech, slovak: slanina, carpatho-rusyn: солонина/solonyna, bosnian: slanina/сланина, lithuanian: lašiniai, bulgarian: сланина, serbian: slanina/сланина) is a traditional, predominantly slavic food consisting of cured slabs of fatback (rarely pork belly), with or without skin (especially famous in ukraine). the food is commonly eaten and known under different names in countries across the region. it is usually dry salt or brine cured. the east slavic variety is sometimes treated with paprika or other seasonings, while the south slavic version is often smoked. in ukraine and many other countries salo is a part of the traditional national cuisine. the slavic word "salo" or "salanina" as applied to this type of food (it has other meanings as well) is often translated to english as "bacon" or "lard". unlike lard, salo is not rendered. unlike bacon, salo has little or no lean meat. it is similar to italian lardo, the main differences being the thickness of the cut (lardo is often sliced very thinly) and seasoning. east slavic salo uses salt, garlic, black pepper and sometimes coriander in the curing process, while lardo is generally seasoned with rosemary and other herbs.

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Sucuk

Sujuk or sucuk is a dry, spicy and fermented sausage which is consumed in several balkan, middle eastern and central asian cuisines. sujuk mainly consists of ground meat and animal fat usually obtained from beef or lamb, but horse meat is also often used in bulgaria, kazakhstan and kyrgyzstan.

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Bryndza

Bryndza (from romanian brânză – cheese) is a sheep milk cheese made across much of east-central europe, primarily in or around the carpathian mountains of slovakia, ukraine, romania and southern poland. bryndza cheese is creamy white in appearance, known for its characteristic strong smell and taste. the cheese is white, tangy, crumbly and slightly moist. it has characteristic odor and flavor with a notable taste of butyric acid. the overall flavor sensation begins slightly mild, then goes strong and finally fades to a salty finish. recipes differ slightly across countries.

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Motal pendiri

White cheese made with sheep and goat milk

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Quark

Quark or quarg is a type of fresh dairy product made from milk. the milk is soured, usually by adding lactic acid bacteria cultures, and strained once the desired curdling is achieved. it can be classified as fresh acid-set cheese. traditional quark can be made without rennet, but in modern dairies small quantities of rennet are typically added. it is soft, white and unaged, and usually has no salt added. it is traditional in the cuisines of baltic, germanic and slavic-speaking countries. dictionaries sometimes translate it as curd cheese, cottage cheese, farmer cheese or junket. in germany, quark and cottage cheese are considered to be different types of fresh cheese and quark is often not considered cheese at all, while in eastern europe cottage cheese is usually viewed as a type of quark (e.g. russian for cottage cheese is "зернёный творог" zernyony tvorog, literally "grainy quark"). quark is similar to french fromage blanc, indian paneer, and the queso fresco/queijo fresco made in the iberian peninsula and in some latin american countries. it is distinct from italian ricotta because ricotta (italian "recooked") is made from scalded whey. quark is somewhat similar to yogurt cheeses such as the south asian chak(k)a, bengali chhena, the arabic labneh, and the central asian suzma or kashk, but while these products are obtained by straining yogurt (milk fermented with thermophile bacteria), quark is made from soured milk fermented with mesophile bacteria.

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Smoked cheese

Smoked cheese is any cheese that has been specially treated by smoke-curing. it typically has a yellowish-brown outer pellicle which is a result of this curing process.

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Sulguni

Sulguni (georgian: სულგუნი, სულუგუნი sulguni, suluguni; svan: სჷლგინ, ლჷჯმარე selgin, lejmare; mingrelian: სელეგინ selegin) is a brined georgian cheese from the svaneti and samegrelo regions. it has a sour, moderately salty flavor, a dimpled texture, and an elastic consistency; these attributes are the result of the process used, as is the source of its nickname "pickle cheese". its color ranges from white to pale yellow. sulguni is often deep-fried, which masks its odor. it is often served in wedges. a typical sulguni cheese is shaped as a flat disc, 2.5 to 3.5 centimeters thick. it weighs 0.5 to 1.5 kg (1.1 to 3.3 lb) and contains 50% water and between 1% and 5% salt. dry fat content averages 45%. sulguni is produced only of natural ingredients: normalized cow milk by clotting by rennet with pure cultures of lactic bacteria.

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Taza pendir

Brined cheese

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Tvorog

Farmer's cheese, an acid-set cheese, similar to yogurt or cream cheese, serve with sugar, honey or jam

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Fruit

Mulberry, cherry, cranberry, strawberry, peach, melon, fig, raspberry, blackberry, plum, pomegranate, grape

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Kapusta

Cabbage, comprising several cultivars of brassica oleracea, is a leafy green, red (purple), or white (pale green) biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads. it is descended from the wild cabbage (b. oleracea var. oleracea), and belongs to the "cole crops" or brassicas, meaning it is closely related to broccoli and cauliflower (var. botrytis); brussels sprouts (var. gemmifera); and savoy cabbage (var. sabauda). a cabbage generally weighs between 500 to 1,000 grams (1 to 2 lb). smooth-leafed, firm-headed green cabbages are the most common, with smooth-leafed purple cabbages and crinkle-leafed savoy cabbages of both colours being rarer. under conditions of long sunny days, such as those found at high northern latitudes in summer, cabbages can grow quite large. as of 2012, the heaviest cabbage was 62.71 kilograms (138 lb 4 oz). cabbage heads are generally picked during the first year of the plant's life cycle, but plants intended for seed are allowed to grow a second year and must be kept separate from other cole crops to prevent cross-pollination. cabbage is prone to several nutrient deficiencies, as well as to multiple pests, and bacterial and fungal diseases. cabbage was most likely domesticated somewhere in europe before 1000 bc, although savoys were not developed until the 16th century ad. by the middle ages, cabbage had become a prominent part of european cuisine. they can be prepared many different ways for eating; they can be pickled, fermented (for dishes such as sauerkraut), steamed, stewed, roasted, sautéed, braised, or eaten raw. raw cabbage is a rich source of vitamin k, vitamin c, and dietary fiber. world production of cabbage and other brassicas in 2020 was 71 million tonnes, led by china with 48% of the total.

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Qovun

A melon is any of various plants of the family cucurbitaceae with sweet, edible, and fleshy fruit. the word "melon" can refer to either the plant or specifically to the fruit. botanically, a melon is a kind of berry, specifically a "pepo". the word melon derives from latin melopepo, which is the latinization of the greek μηλοπέπων (mēlopepōn), meaning "melon", itself a compound of μῆλον (mēlon), "apple, treefruit (of any kind)" and πέπων (pepōn), amongst others "a kind of gourd or melon". many different cultivars have been produced, particularly of cantaloupes.

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Zirinc

Berberis (), commonly known as barberry, is a large genus of deciduous and evergreen shrubs from 1–5 m (3.3–16.4 ft) tall, found throughout temperate and subtropical regions of the world (apart from australia). species diversity is greatest in south america and asia; europe, africa and north america have native species as well. the best-known berberis species is the european barberry, berberis vulgaris, which is common in europe, north africa, the middle east, and central asia, and has been widely introduced in north america. many of the species have spines on the shoots and all along the margins of the leaves.

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Ajika

Ajika or adjika (abkhazian: аџьыка, georgian: აჯიკა) is a georgian-abkhazian hot, spicy, but subtly flavored dip, often used to flavor food. in 2018, the technology of ajika was inscribed on the intangible cultural heritage of georgia list.the name derives from the abkhaz word аџьыка "salt". the abkhazian variant of ajika is based on a boiled preparation of hot red peppers, garlic, herbs, and spices such as coriander, dill, blue fenugreek (only found in mountain regions such as the alps or the caucasus), salt, and walnut. a dry form of ajika exists that looks like small red clumps mixed with a looser version of the spice mixture. home-made ajika is available from many market stalls in the caucasus and in the krasnodar krai of russia. tomatoes are not an ingredient of traditional ajika, though different versions of ajika, sometimes having tomatoes or tomato paste as an ingredient, are produced on a commercial scale and sold in supermarkets in russia and ukraine. common varieties of ajika resemble italian red pesto in appearance and consistency. though it is usually red, green ajika is also made with unripe peppers.

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Baklazhannaya ikra

Roasted eggplant spread or dip, serve with toast, bread, vegetables

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Borani

Borani is a salad dish from iranian cuisine. it is also found in turkish cuisine where it is associated with certain provinces like isparta, urfa and van. some versions are made with spinach and yogurt, while the ancient persian borani was made with eggplant, and a regional version from urfa is made with lamb and vegetarian meatballs. borani is also popular in the caucasus and afghanistan.

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Cacık

Yogurt, cucumber and garlic sauce or dip, used on vegetables, breads, meats, kebabs

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Narsharab

Pomegranate molasses, also known as dibs ar-rumman (arabic: دبس الرمان, robb-e anâr persian: رب انار, "pomegranate syrup"), and nar ekshisi (turkish: nar ekşisi, "pomegranate sour"), is a middle eastern seasoning consisting of concentrated pomegranate juice. it is usually used in fish and meat dishes.

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Peri peri

Peri-peri ( pirr-ee-pirr-ee, often hyphenated or as one word, and with variant spellings piri-piri, piripiri or pili pili) is a cultivar of capsicum frutescens from the malagueta pepper. it was originally produced by portuguese explorers in portugal's former southern african territories, particularly mozambique and its border regions with south africa, and then spread to other portuguese domains.

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