Side, Snack, Appetizer

Akkawi

Akkawi cheese (arabic: جبنة عكاوي, romanized: jubna ʿakkāwī, also akawi, akawieh and ackawi) is a white brine cheese named after the city of akka (acre, present-day israel).

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Amba

Amba or anba (arabic: عنبة, but also mis-spelled عمبة, أمبة, همبة, hebrew: עמבה) is a tangy mango pickle condiment of indian origin. it is typically made of pickled green mangoes, vinegar, salt, turmeric, chili and fenugreek. it is somewhat similar to savoury mango chutneys.

Dessert, Sweet

Apple fritter

A fritter is a portion of meat, seafood, fruit, vegetables or other ingredients which have been battered or breaded, or just a portion of dough without further ingredients, that is deep-fried. fritters are prepared in both sweet and savory varieties.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Applesauce

Apple sauce or applesauce is a purée (not necessarily served as a true sauce) made of apples. it can be made with peeled or unpeeled apples and may be spiced or sweetened. apple sauce is inexpensive and is widely consumed in north america and some parts of europe.a wide range of apple varieties are used to make apple sauce, depending on the preference for sweetness or tartness. formerly, sour apples were used to make savory apple sauce.commercial versions of apple sauce are readily available at supermarkets and other retail outlets.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Apropo

Bugles are a corn snack produced by general mills and tom's snacks (under license from general mills).

Drink

Arabica coffee

Coffea arabica (), also known as the arabic coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family rubiaceae. it is believed to be the first species of coffee to have been cultivated, and is currently the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. coffee produced from the (less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated) robusta bean (c. canephora) makes up most of the remaining coffee production. arabica coffee originates from ethiopia and was first cultivated in yemen, and documented by the 12th century. coffea arabica is called ‏بُنّ‎ (būnn) in arabic, borrowed from the oromo "buna".

Drink

Arak

Arak or araq (arabic: ﻋﺮﻕ, hebrew: ערק or ארק) is a distilled levantine spirit of the anise drinks family. it is translucent and unsweetened.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Avocado salad

The avocado (persea americana) is a tree originating in the americas which is likely native to the highland regions of south-central mexico to guatemala. it is classified as a member of the flowering plant family lauraceae. the fruit of the plant, also called an avocado (or avocado pear or alligator pear), is botanically a large berry containing a single large seed. avocado trees are partially self-pollinating, and are often propagated through grafting to maintain predictable fruit quality and quantity.avocados are cultivated in tropical and mediterranean climates of many countries, with mexico as the leading producer of avocados in 2019, supplying 32% of the world total. avocado production is one of the most environmentally intensive fruits, using 70 litres (18 us gallons; 15 imperial gallons) of water per avocado, and over 400 grams of co2 emissions. in major production regions like chile, mexico and california, the water demands for avocado puts pressure on overall water resources. avocado production is also connected to other concerns, including environmental justice and human rights concerns, deforestation and connections of mexican avocados with organized crime. climate change is expected to cause significant changes in the suitable growing zones for avocados, and put additional pressure due to heat waves and drought.the fruit of domestic varieties has a buttery flesh when ripe. depending on the variety, avocados have green, brown, purplish, or black skin when ripe, and may be pear-shaped, egg-shaped, or spherical. commercially, the fruits are picked while immature, and ripened after harvesting. the high fat and smooth texture of avocados make it a useful and diverse food in different cuisines, and is traditionally important in mexican foods. the high nutritional value and concentration of fat, make avocados a commonly used food in vegetarian foods and generally is thought nutritious and healthy.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Baba ghanoush

Baba ghanoush (uk: , us: ; arabic: بابا غنوج, romanized: bābā ġannūj), also spelled baba ganoush or baba ghanouj, is a levantine appetizer consisting of finely chopped roasted eggplant, olive oil, lemon juice, various seasonings, and tahini. the eggplant is traditionally baked or broiled over an open flame before peeling, so that the pulp is soft and has a smoky taste. it is a typical meze ('starter') of the regional cuisine, often served as a side to a main meal and as a dip for pita bread.a very similar dish is mutabbal (arabic: متبل lit. 'spiced'). mutabbal has no vegetables and is sometimes said to be a spicier version of baba ghanoush. mutabbal consists of mashed roasted eggplants, tahini, salt, pepper, garlic, lemon and often yogurt.

Main

Baba ghanoush

Baba ghanoush (uk: , us: ; arabic: بابا غنوج, romanized: bābā ġannūj), also spelled baba ganoush or baba ghanouj, is a levantine appetizer consisting of finely chopped roasted eggplant, olive oil, lemon juice, various seasonings, and tahini. the eggplant is traditionally baked or broiled over an open flame before peeling, so that the pulp is soft and has a smoky taste. it is a typical meze ('starter') of the regional cuisine, often served as a side to a main meal and as a dip for pita bread.a very similar dish is mutabbal (arabic: متبل lit. 'spiced'). mutabbal has no vegetables and is sometimes said to be a spicier version of baba ghanoush. mutabbal consists of mashed roasted eggplants, tahini, salt, pepper, garlic, lemon and often yogurt.

Breakfast

Baba ghanoush

Baba ghanoush (uk: , us: ; arabic: بابا غنوج, romanized: bābā ġannūj), also spelled baba ganoush or baba ghanouj, is a levantine appetizer consisting of finely chopped roasted eggplant, olive oil, lemon juice, various seasonings, and tahini. the eggplant is traditionally baked or broiled over an open flame before peeling, so that the pulp is soft and has a smoky taste. it is a typical meze ('starter') of the regional cuisine, often served as a side to a main meal and as a dip for pita bread.a very similar dish is mutabbal (arabic: متبل lit. 'spiced'). mutabbal has no vegetables and is sometimes said to be a spicier version of baba ghanoush. mutabbal consists of mashed roasted eggplants, tahini, salt, pepper, garlic, lemon and often yogurt.

Dessert, Sweet

Babka

A babka is a sweet braided bread or cake which originated in the jewish communities of poland, russia and ukraine. it is popular in israel (often referred to as simply a yeast cake: עוגת שמרים) and in the jewish diaspora. it is prepared with a yeast-leavened dough that is rolled out and spread with a filling such as chocolate, cinnamon, fruit, or cheese, then rolled up and braided before baking.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Baguette

A baguette (; french: [baɡɛt] (listen)) is a long, thin type of bread of french origin that is commonly made from basic lean dough (the dough, though not the shape, is defined by french law). it is distinguishable by its length and crisp crust. a baguette has a diameter of about 5 to 6 centimetres (2–2+1⁄2 inches) and a usual length of about 65 cm (26 in), although a baguette can be up to 1 m (39 in) long. in november 2018, documentation surrounding the "craftsmanship and culture" on making this bread was added to the french ministry of culture's national inventory of intangible cultural heritage. in may 2021, france submitted the baguette for unesco heritage status.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Baharat

Bahārāt (arabic: بَهَارَات) is a spice mixture or blend used in middle eastern cuisines. bahārāt is the arabic word for "spices" (the plural form of bahār "spice"). the mixture of finely ground spices is often used to season lamb or mutton, fish, chicken, beef, and soups, and may also be used as a condiment.

Dessert, Sweet

Baklava

Baklava (, or ; ottoman turkish: باقلوا) is a layered pastry dessert made of filo pastry, filled with chopped nuts, and sweetened with syrup or honey. it was one of the most popular sweet pastries of ottoman cuisine.the pre-ottoman origin of the dish is unknown, but, in modern times, it is a common dessert of turkish, iranian and arab cuisines, and other countries of the levant and maghreb, along with the south caucasus, balkans, and central asia.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Baklazhannaya ikra

Roasted eggplant spread or dip, serve with toast, bread, vegetables

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bamba

Bamba (hebrew: במבה) is a snack made of peanut-butter-flavored puffed maize manufactured by the osem corporation in kiryat gat, israel. bamba is one of the leading snack foods produced and sold in israel. it has been marketed since 1964 with no decline in sales. bamba makes up 25% of the israeli snack market.similar products from other domestic manufacturers include "parpar" (telma, since 2000 a subsidiary of unilever) and "shush" (strauss-elite). osem named the snack "bamba" because it sounded like baby talk.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Banatage

Fried potato croquette filled with meat, mushrooms

Dessert, Sweet

Basbousa

Basbousa (arabic: بسبوسة basbūsah) is a sweet, syrup-soaked semolina cake that originated in egypt, and is also common in other countries. the semolina batter is baked in a sheet pan, then sweetened with orange flower water, rose water or simple syrup, and typically cut into diamond (lozenge) shapes or squares. it is also found in most areas of the former ottoman empire, and is featured in middle eastern cuisines, greek cuisine, azerbaijani cuisine, turkish cuisine, ethiopian cuisine, yemeni cuisine and others.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bazargan

Syrian bulgur salad with herbs, tomatoes, nuts, parsley

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bechamel

Bechamel sauce ( french: [beʃamɛl]) is a sauce traditionally made from a white roux (butter and flour in a 1:1 mixture) and milk. bechamel may also be referred to as besciamella (italy), besamel (greece), or white sauce (u.s.). french, italian and greek bechamel sauce recipes include salt and nutmeg as a seasoning base.bechamel sauce is one of the "mother sauces" of french cuisine.

Drink

Bedouin tea

Main

Beef bourguignon

Beef bourguignon (us: ) or bœuf bourguignon (uk: ; french: [bœf buʁɡiɲɔ̃]), also called beef burgundy, and bœuf à la bourguignonne, is a french beef stew braised in red wine, often red burgundy, and beef stock, typically flavored with carrots, onions, garlic, and a bouquet garni, and garnished with pearl onions, mushrooms, and bacon. a similar dish using a piece of braised beef with the same garnish is pièce de bœuf à la bourguignonne.its name probably refers to the use of wine; it is likely not a regional recipe from burgundy.when made with whole roasts, the meat was often larded.

Main

Beef stroganoff

Beef stroganoff or beef stroganov (uk: , us: ; russian: бефстро́ганов, romanized: befstróganov, ipa: [bʲɪfˈstroɡənəf]) is an originally russian dish of sautéed pieces of beef served in a sauce of mustard and smetana (sour cream). from its origins in mid-19th-century russia, it has become popular around the world, with considerable variation from the original recipe. mushrooms are common in many variants.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Berbere

Berbere (oromo: barbaree, amharic: በርበሬ bärbäre, tigrinya: በርበረ bärbärä) is a spice mixture whose constituent elements usually include chili peppers, coriander, garlic, ginger, ethiopian holy basil (besobela) seeds, korarima, rue, ajwain or radhuni, nigella, and fenugreek. it is a key ingredient in the cuisines of ethiopia and eritrea. berbere sometimes encompasses herbs and spices that are less well known internationally. these include both cultivated plants and those that grow wild in ethiopia, such as korarima (aframomum corrorima) and long pepper.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bezar

Spice mix made with cumin, fennel, cinnamon, coriander, peppercorns, red chilies, tumeric

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bialy

Bialy (yiddish: ביאלי), a yiddish word short for bialystoker kuchen (yiddish: ביאליסטאקער קוכען), from the city of białystok in poland, is a traditional bread roll in polish ashkenazi jewish cuisine.

Dessert, Sweet

Biskvit

Sponge cake

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bissli

Bissli (hebrew: בִּיסְלִי, bisli) is an israeli wheat snack produced by osem. bissli is osem's second-best selling snack brand after bamba.bissli is a crunchy snack that is made in the shape of pasta. the name is a combination of the hebrew word bis, meaning "bite", and the hebrew word li, meaning "for me".the most popular flavors are "grill" and "barbecue". other flavors include onion, smoky, pizza, falafel and mexican.described by the manufacturer as a uniquely israeli product, bissli is produced in five factories around israel. it was first sold in 1970.in 2014, osem introduced a special edition of their other popular snack, peanut-flavor bamba together with bissli, mixed within the same blue package, named "bissli-bamba mix" , another edition of "mix" included onion-flavor bissli, packaged in a green pack.

Dessert, Sweet

Blancmange

Blancmange (, from french: blanc-manger [blɑ̃mɑ̃ʒe]) is a sweet dessert popular throughout europe commonly made with milk or cream and sugar thickened with rice flour, gelatin, corn starch, or irish moss (a source of carrageenan), and often flavoured with almonds. it is usually set in a mould and served cold. although traditionally white (hence the name, in english literally "white eating"), blancmanges are frequently given alternative colours. some similar desserts are french chef marie-antoine carême's bavarian cream, italian panna cotta, the middle eastern muhallebi, chinese annin tofu, hawai'ian haupia and puerto rican tembleque. the historical blancmange originated at some time during the middle ages and usually consisted of capon or chicken, milk or almond milk, rice, and sugar and was considered to be ideal for the sick. tavuk göğsü is a sweet contemporary turkish pudding made with shredded chicken, similar to the medieval european dish.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bolognese Sauce

Bolognese sauce (uk: , us: ; known in italian as ragù alla bolognese, pronounced [raˈɡu alla boloɲˈɲeːse, -eːze], ragù bolognese, or simply ragù) is a meat-based sauce in italian cuisine, typical of the city of bologna. it is customarily used to dress tagliatelle al ragù and to prepare lasagne alla bolognese. genuine ragù alla bolognese is a slowly cooked meat-based sauce, and its preparation involves several techniques, including sweating, sautéing and braising. ingredients include a characteristic soffritto of onion, celery and carrot, different types of minced or finely chopped beef, often alongside small amounts of fatty pork. white wine, milk, and a small amount of tomato paste or tomatoes are added, and the dish is then gently simmered at length to produce a thick sauce. outside italy, the phrase "bolognese sauce" is often used to refer to a tomato-based sauce to which minced meat has been added; such sauces typically bear little resemblance to the italian ragù alla bolognese, being more similar in fact to the ragù alla napoletana from the tomato-rich south of the country. although in italy ragù alla bolognese is not used with spaghetti (but rather with flat pasta, like tagliatelle), so-called "spaghetti bolognese" has become a popular dish in many other parts of the world.

Drink

Botz

A method of making coffee by pouring hot water over finely ground coffee, then waiting a few minutes so the coffee grounds settle to the bottom of the cup

Main

Bouillabaisse

Bouillabaisse (french: [bu.ja.bɛs]; occitan: bolhabaissa, bullabessa [ˌbuʎaˈβajsɔ / ˌbujaˈbajsɔ]) is a traditional provençal fish stew originating in the port city of marseille. the french and english form bouillabaisse comes from the provençal occitan word bolhabaissa, a compound that consists of the two verbs bolhir (to boil) and abaissar (to reduce heat, i.e., simmer). bouillabaisse was originally a stew made by marseille fishermen, using the bony rockfish which they were unable to sell to restaurants or markets. there are at least three kinds of fish in a traditional bouillabaisse, typically red rascasse (scorpaena scrofa); sea robin; and european conger. it can also include gilt-head bream, turbot, monkfish, mullet, or european hake. it usually also includes shellfish and other seafood such as sea urchins, mussels, velvet crabs, spider crab or octopus. more expensive versions may add langoustine or dublin bay prawn (norway lobster), though this was not part of the traditional dish made by marseille fishermen. vegetables such as leeks, onions, tomatoes, celery, and potatoes are simmered together with the broth and served with the fish. the broth is traditionally served with a rouille, a mayonnaise made of olive oil, garlic, saffron, and cayenne pepper on grilled slices of bread. what makes a bouillabaisse different from other fish soups is the selection of provençal herbs and spices in the broth; the use of bony local mediterranean fish; the way the fish are added one at a time, and brought to a boil; and the method of serving. in marseille, the broth is served first in a soup plate with slices of bread and rouille, then the fish is served separately on a large platter (see image at top); or, more simply, as julia child suggests, the fish and broth are brought to the table separately and served together in large soup plates.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bourekas

Bourekas or burekas (hebrew: בורקס) are a popular baked pastry in sephardic jewish cuisine and israeli cuisine. a variation of the burek, a popular pastry throughout southern europe, northern africa and the middle east, israeli bourekas are made in a wide variety of shapes and a vast selection of fillings, and are typically made with either puff pastry, filo dough, or brik pastry, depending on the origin of the baker.

Breakfast

Bourekas

Bourekas or burekas (hebrew: בורקס) are a popular baked pastry in sephardic jewish cuisine and israeli cuisine. a variation of the burek, a popular pastry throughout southern europe, northern africa and the middle east, israeli bourekas are made in a wide variety of shapes and a vast selection of fillings, and are typically made with either puff pastry, filo dough, or brik pastry, depending on the origin of the baker.

Main

Braised short ribs

Braised beef short ribs, common during passover seder

Main

Brik

Brik ( breek; بريك), or “burek” is the north african version of borek, a stuffed filo pastry which is commonly deep fried. the best-known version is the egg brik, a whole egg in a triangular pastry pocket with chopped onion, tuna, harissa and parsley. with a slightly different shape, but with identical ingredients and method of preparation, the brik is known in algeria and libya as bourek (بوراك). brik is also very popular in israel, due to the large tunisian jewish population there. it is often filled with a raw egg and herbs or tuna, harissa and olives and is sometimes served in a pita. this is also known as a boreeka.brik pastry is made by slapping a sticky lump of dough onto a hot non-stick surface in overlapping circles to produce the desired size and cooked for a short amount of time. the brik dough sheets are called malsouka or warka. typical fillings include tuna, ground meat, raw egg, chicken, or anchovies garnished with harissa, capers, or cheese.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Brioche

Brioche (, also uk: , us: , french: [bʁijɔʃ]) is a bread of french origin whose high egg and butter content gives it a rich and tender crumb. chef joël robuchon described it as "light and slightly puffy, more or less fine, according to the proportion of butter and eggs." it has a dark, golden, and flaky crust, frequently accentuated by an egg wash applied after proofing. brioche is considered a viennoiserie because it is made in the same basic way as bread, but has the richer aspect of a pastry because of the extra addition of eggs, butter, liquid (milk, water, cream, and, sometimes, brandy) and occasionally sugar. brioche, along with pain au lait and pain aux raisins—which are commonly eaten at breakfast or as a snack—form a leavened subgroup of viennoiserie. brioche is often cooked with fruit or chocolate chips and served on its own, or as the basis of a dessert with many local variations in added ingredients, fillings or toppings.

Main

Brisket

Brisket is a cut of meat from the breast or lower chest of beef or veal. the beef brisket is one of the nine beef primal cuts, though the definition of the cut differs internationally. the brisket muscles include the superficial and deep pectorals. as cattle do not have collar bones, these muscles support about 60% of the body weight of standing or moving cattle. this requires a significant amount of connective tissue, so the resulting meat must be cooked correctly to tenderise it. according to the random house dictionary of the english language, second edition, the term derives from the middle english brusket which comes from the earlier old norse brjósk, meaning cartilage. the cut overlies the sternum, ribs, and connecting costal cartilages.

Dessert, Sweet

Brownies

A chocolate brownie or simply a brownie is a square or rectangular chocolate baked confection. brownies come in a variety of forms and may be either fudgy or cakey, depending on their density. brownies often, but not always, have a glossy "skin" on their upper crust. they may also include nuts, frosting, cream cheese, chocolate chips, or other ingredients. a variation made with brown sugar and vanilla rather than chocolate in the batter is called a blond brownie or blondie. the brownie was developed in the united states at the end of the 19th century and popularized there during the first half of the 20th century. they are typically eaten by hand, often accompanied by milk, served warm with ice cream (a la mode), topped with whipped cream, or sprinkled with powdered sugar and fudge. in north america, they are common homemade treats and they are also popular in restaurants and coffeehouses.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bryndza

Bryndza (from romanian brânză – cheese) is a sheep milk cheese made across much of east-central europe, primarily in or around the carpathian mountains of slovakia, ukraine, romania and southern poland. bryndza cheese is creamy white in appearance, known for its characteristic strong smell and taste. the cheese is white, tangy, crumbly and slightly moist. it has characteristic odor and flavor with a notable taste of butyric acid. the overall flavor sensation begins slightly mild, then goes strong and finally fades to a salty finish. recipes differ slightly across countries.

Drink

Butter tea

Butter tea, also known as po cha (tibetan: བོད་ཇ་, wylie: bod ja, "tibetan tea"), cha süma (tibetan: ཇ་སྲུབ་མ་, wylie: ja srub ma, "churned tea"), mandarin chinese: sūyóu chá (酥油茶) or gur gur cha in the ladakhi language, is a drink of the people in the himalayan regions of nepal, bhutan, india (particularly in ladakh, sikkim, and arunachal pradesh), pakistan especially in gilgit-baltistan, tibet and western regions of modern-day china and the caribbean. traditionally, it is made from tea leaves, yak butter, water, and salt, although butter made from cow's milk is increasingly used, given its wider availability and lower cost. butter tea likely originated in the himalayan region between greater tibet and the indian subcontinent.

Drink

Café hafuch

Milk coffee is a category of coffee-based drinks made with milk. johan nieuhof, the dutch ambassador to china, is credited as the first person to drink coffee with milk when he experimented with it around 1660.

Breakfast

Café hafuch

Milk coffee is a category of coffee-based drinks made with milk. johan nieuhof, the dutch ambassador to china, is credited as the first person to drink coffee with milk when he experimented with it around 1660.

Drink

Caffè mocha

A caffè mocha ( or ), also called mocaccino (italian: [mokatˈtʃiːno]), is a chocolate-flavoured warm beverage that is a variant of a café latte (italian: [kafˈfɛ lˈlatte]), commonly served in a glass rather than a mug. other commonly used spellings are mochaccino and also mochachino. the name is derived from the city of mocha, yemen, which was one of the centres of early coffee trade. like latte, the name is commonly shortened to just mocha.

Dessert, Sweet

Cake pop

A cake pop is a form of cake styled as a lollipop. cake crumbs are mixed with icing or chocolate, and formed into small spheres or cubes in the same way as cake balls, before being given a coating of icing, chocolate or other decorations and attached to lollipop sticks. cake pops can be a way of using up leftover cake or cake crumbs. the cake pop increased in popularity between 2009 and 2011.

Drink

Cappuccino

A cappuccino ( (listen); italian pronunciation: [kapputˈtʃiːno]; italian plural: cappuccini) is an espresso-based coffee drink that originated in austria with later development taking place in italy, and is prepared with steamed milk foam (microfoam).variations of the drink involve the use of cream instead of milk, using non-dairy milk substitutes and flavoring with cinnamon or chocolate powder. it is typically smaller in volume than a caffè latte, with a thicker layer of microfoam.the name comes from the capuchin friars, referring to the colour of their habits, and in this context referring to the colour of the beverage when milk is added in small portion to dark, brewed coffee (today mostly espresso). the physical appearance of a modern cappuccino with espresso créma and steamed milk is a result of a long evolution of the drink. the viennese bestowed the name "kapuziner", possibly in the 18th century, on a version that included whipped cream and spices of unknown origin. the italian cappuccino was unknown outside italy until the 1930s, and seems to be born out of viennese-style cafés in trieste and other italian areas in austria-hungary through the kapuziner coffee in the early 20th century. the drink spread from trieste, the main coffee port in central europe, throughout italy, especially after world war i and later worldwide, and can be found at a number of establishments.

Dessert, Sweet

Carrot cake

Carrot cake (also known as passion cake) is cake that contains carrots mixed into the batter. most modern carrot cake recipes have a white cream cheese frosting. sometimes nuts such as walnuts or pecans are added into the cake batter, as well as spices such as cinnamon, ginger and ground mixed spice. fruit including pineapple, raisins and shredded coconut can also be used to add a natural sweetness.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Carrot salad

Carrot salad is a salad made with carrots. recipes for carrot salad vary widely by regional cuisine. shredded carrot is often used. shredded carrot salads are often used as a topping for other dishes.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Cauliflower and tahini

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Caviar

Caviar (also known as caviare; from persian: خاویار, romanized: khâvyâr, lit. 'egg-bearing') is a food consisting of salt-cured roe of the family acipenseridae. caviar is considered a delicacy and is eaten as a garnish or a spread. traditionally, the term caviar refers only to roe from wild sturgeon in the caspian sea and black sea (beluga, ossetra and sevruga caviars). the term caviar can also describe the roe of other species of sturgeon or other fish such as salmon, steelhead, trout, lumpfish, whitefish, or carp.the roe can be "fresh" (non-pasteurized) or pasteurized, with pasteurization reducing its culinary and economic value.

Main

Chakhokhbili

Chakhokhbili (georgian: ჩახოხბილი) is a traditional georgian dish of stewed chicken, tomato with fresh herbs. its name comes from the georgian word ხოხობი (khokhobi) which means pheasant.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Challah

Challah (, hebrew: חַלָּה ḥallā [χa'la] or [ħal'lɑ]; plural: challot, challoth or challos) is a special bread of ashkenazi jewish origin, usually braided and typically eaten on ceremonial occasions such as shabbat and major jewish holidays (other than passover). ritually acceptable challah is made of dough from which a small portion has been set aside as an offering. challah may also refer to the dough offering. the word is biblical in origin, though originally referred only to the dough offering. similar braided breads such as kalach and vánočka are found across eastern europe.

Dessert, Sweet

Charlotte Russe cake

A charlotte is a type of dessert or trifle that can be served hot or cold. it is also referred to as an "icebox cake". bread, sponge cake or biscuits/cookies are used to line a mold, which is then filled with a fruit puree or custard. it can also be made using layers of breadcrumbs. the variant charlotte russe uses a mold lined with ladyfingers and filled with bavarian cream. classically, stale bread dipped in butter was used as the lining, but sponge cake or ladyfingers may be used today. the filling may be covered with a thin layer of similarly flavoured gelatin.

Dessert, Sweet

Charoset

Charoset, haroset, or charoises (hebrew: חֲרֽוֹסֶת‎ [ḥărōset]) is a sweet, dark-colored paste made of fruits and nuts eaten at the passover seder. according to the talmud its color and texture are meant to recall mortar (or mud used to make adobe bricks) which the israelites used when they were enslaved in ancient egypt as mentioned in tractate pesahim (page 116a) of the talmud, which says " the word charoset comes from the hebrew word cheres (חרס, "clay"). charoset is one of the symbolic foods on the passover seder plate. after reciting the blessings, and eating first maror dipped in charoset and then a matzah "hillel sandwich" (with two matzot) combining charoset and maror, people often eat the remainder spread on matzah.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Chicken liver pate

Liver pâté is a pâté and meat spread popular in northern and eastern europe. made from finely or coarsely ground pork liver and lard, it is similar to certain types of french and belgian pâtés.

Main

Chicken schnitzel

A schnitzel is a thin slice of meat. the meat is usually thinned by pounding with a meat tenderizer. most commonly, the meat is breaded before frying. breaded schnitzel is popular in many countries and is made using veal, pork, chicken, mutton, beef, or turkey. schnitzel is very similar to the dish escalope in france, tonkatsu in japan, cotoletta in italy, kotlet schabowy in poland, milanesa in argentina, chuleta valluna in colombia, and chicken-fried steak and pork tenderloin of the united states.

Dessert, Sweet

Chocolate

Chocolate is a food product made from roasted and ground cacao seed kernels, that is available as a liquid, solid or paste, on its own or as a flavoring agent in other foods. cacao has been consumed in some form since at least the olmec civilization (19th-11th century bce), and the majority of mesoamerican people ─ including the maya and aztecs ─ made chocolate beverages.the seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor. after fermentation, the seeds are dried, cleaned, and roasted. the shell is removed to produce cocoa nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form. once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor. the liquor may also be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter. baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugar. powdered baking cocoa, which contains more fiber than cocoa butter, can be processed with alkali to produce dutch cocoa. much of the chocolate consumed today is in the form of sweet chocolate, a combination of cocoa solids, cocoa butter or added vegetable oils, and sugar. milk chocolate is sweet chocolate that additionally contains milk powder or condensed milk. white chocolate contains cocoa butter, sugar, and milk, but no cocoa solids. chocolate is one of the most popular food types and flavors in the world, and many foodstuffs involving chocolate exist, particularly desserts, including cakes, pudding, mousse, chocolate brownies, and chocolate chip cookies. many candies are filled with or coated with sweetened chocolate. chocolate bars, either made of solid chocolate or other ingredients coated in chocolate, are eaten as snacks. gifts of chocolate molded into different shapes (such as eggs, hearts, coins) are traditional on certain western holidays, including christmas, easter, valentine's day, and hanukkah. chocolate is also used in cold and hot beverages, such as chocolate milk and hot chocolate, and in some alcoholic drinks, such as creme de cacao. although cocoa originated in the americas, west african countries, particularly côte d'ivoire and ghana, are the leading producers of cocoa in the 21st century, accounting for some 60% of the world cocoa supply. with some two million children involved in the farming of cocoa in west africa, child slavery and trafficking associated with the cocoa trade remain major concerns. a 2018 report argued that international attempts to improve conditions for children were doomed to failure because of persistent poverty, absence of schools, increasing world cocoa demand, more intensive farming of cocoa, and continued exploitation of child labor.

Main

Cholent

Cholent (yiddish: טשאָלנט, romanized: tsholnt or tshulnt) or hamin (hebrew: חמין) is a traditional jewish stew. it is usually simmered overnight for 12 hours or more, and eaten for lunch on shabbat (the sabbath). cholent was developed over the centuries to conform with jewish laws that prohibit cooking on the sabbath. the pot is brought to a boil on friday before the sabbath begins, and kept on a blech or hotplate, or left in a slow oven or electric slow cooker, until the following day. cholent originated in ancient judea, possibly as far back as the second temple period, and over the centuries various jewish diaspora communities created their own variations of the dish. there are many variations of the dish, which is standard in both the ashkenazi and sephardi kitchens. the basic ingredients of cholent are meat, potatoes, beans and barley. sephardi-style hamin often uses rice or wheat kernels and chickpeas instead of beans and barley, and chicken instead of beef. a traditional sephardi addition is whole eggs in the shell (güevos haminados), which turn brown overnight. ashkenazi cholent often contains kishke (a sausage casing) or helzel (a chicken neck skin stuffed with a flour-based mixture). slow overnight cooking allows the flavors of the various ingredients to permeate and produces the characteristic taste of cholent.

Main

Chorba

Chorba from arabic (شوربه) from the word chareb (شرب, drinked) or shorba is a broad class of stews or rich soups found in national cuisines across the middle east, algeria, central europe, eastern europe, central asia, middle east, balkans and the indian subcontinent. it is often prepared with added ingredients but served alone as a broth or with bread.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Chrain

Chrain (czech: křen; slovak: chren; german: meerrettich or kren; polish: chrzan; romanian: hrean; russian: хрен, romanized: khren; ukrainian: хрiн, romanized: khrin; yiddish: כריין, romanized: khreyn; hebrew: חזרת, romanized: khazeret; meaning "horseradish" in all these languages) is a spicy paste made of grated horseradish. it is a common condiment for meat and fish dishes in eastern and central european cuisines (slovene, northern croatian, belarusian, czech, slovak, german (especially bavarian), polish, romanian, latvian, lithuanian, russian, ukrainian and ashkenazi jewish cuisine). chrain comes from yiddish כריין, which is in turn a loanword from slavic languages.there are two common forms of chrain in the slavic and ashkenazi jewish cuisines. white chrain consists of grated horseradish and vinegar, and sometimes sugar and salt, while red chrain includes the addition of beetroot. these types of chrain are distinct from other horseradish-based condiments in that they are pareve (contain no dairy products), making it acceptable at both meat and dairy meals according to jewish dietary law. in contrast, many central european varieties include cream, while some russian recipes call for chrain with smetana (sour cream). there are also varieties including apples, lingonberry, cranberry and oranges. the use of chrain in eastern and central european cuisines jewish communities is ancient, and is first attested in writing from the 12th century. though it has had several historical uses, chrain is most commonly associated in modern times with gefilte fish, for which it is considered an essential condiment. in eastern and central european cuisines chrain is a typical condiment for various fish dishes, as well as for meat and fish zakuski, such as kholodets (aspic) and beef tongue.

Dessert, Sweet

Churro

A churro (spanish pronunciation: [ˈtʃuro], portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʃuʁu]) is a type of fried dough from spanish and portuguese cuisine. they are also found in latin american cuisine and the cuisine of the philippines and in other areas that have received immigration from spanish and portuguese-speaking countries, especially in the southwestern united states and france. in spain, churros can either be thin (and sometimes knotted) or long and thick, where they are known as porras or jeringos in some regions. they are normally eaten for breakfast dipped in champurrado, hot chocolate, dulce de leche or café con leche. cinnamon sugar is often sprinkled on top. there are also two slightly different snacks in portugal, called porra and fartura, which are filled with jelly instead of the doce de leite, traditional to brazilian churros.

Drink

Coffee

Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain flowering plants in the coffea genus. from the coffee fruit, the seeds are separated to produce a stable, raw product: unroasted green coffee. the seeds are then roasted, a process which transforms them into a consumable product: roasted coffee, which is ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. it is one of the most popular drinks in the world and can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, french press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). it is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. sugar, sugar substitutes, milk or cream are often used to lessen the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. it may be served with coffee cake or another sweet dessert, like doughnuts. a commercial establishment that sells prepared coffee beverages is known as a coffeehouse or coffee shop (not to be confused with dutch coffeeshops selling cannabis). clinical research indicates that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial as a stimulant in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption has positive or negative effects.though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the red sea. the earliest credible evidence of the drinking of coffee in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day yemen from the mid-15th century in sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. the yemenis procured the coffee beans from the ethiopian highlands via coastal somali intermediaries and began cultivation. by the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the middle east and north africa, later spreading to europe. in the 20th century, coffee became a much more global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. the two most commonly grown coffee bean types are c. arabica and c. robusta. coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the americas, southeast asia, the indian subcontinent, and africa. as of 2018, brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world total. coffee is a major export commodity as the leading legal agricultural export for numerous countries. it is one of the most valuable commodities exported by developing countries. green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and one of the most traded commodities overall, second only to petroleum. despite the sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars, those actually producing the beans are disproportionately living in poverty. critics also point to the coffee industry's negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. the environmental costs and wage disparity of farmers are causing the market for fair trade and organic coffee to expand.

Drink

Coffee slushy

A slushy (also spelt slushie and less commonly slushee) is a type of beverage made of flavored ice and a drink, commonly soda, similar to granitas but with a more liquid composition. it is also commonly called a slush, frozen beverage, or frozen drink. a slushy can either be carbonated or non-carbonated, the carbonated version is sometimes called a frozen carbonated drink or frozen carbonated beverage.

Drink

Cognac

Cognac ( kon-yak, also us: kohn-, kawn-, french: [kɔɲak] (listen)) is a variety of brandy named after the commune of cognac, france. it is produced in the surrounding wine-growing region in the departments of charente and charente-maritime. cognac production falls under french appellation d'origine contrôlée (aoc) designation, with production methods and naming required to meet certain legal requirements. among the specified grapes, ugni blanc, known locally as saint-émilion, is most widely used. the brandy must be twice distilled in copper pot stills and aged at least two years in french oak barrels from limousin or tronçais. cognac matures in the same way as whiskies and wines barrel-age, and most cognacs spend considerably longer "on the wood" than the minimum legal requirement.

Main

Cordon bleu

A cordon bleu or schnitzel cordon bleu is a dish of meat wrapped around cheese (or with cheese filling), then breaded and pan-fried or deep-fried. veal or pork cordon bleu is made of veal or pork pounded thin and wrapped around a slice of ham and a slice of cheese, breaded, and then pan fried or baked. for chicken cordon bleu, chicken breast is used instead of veal. ham cordon bleu is ham stuffed with mushrooms and cheese.

Drink

Cortado

A cortado is a beverage consisting of espresso mixed with a roughly equal amount of warm milk to reduce the acidity. the milk in a cortado is steamed, but not frothy and "texturized" as in many italian coffee drinks. the cortado comes from spain, most likely madrid, where it is commonly served.the word cortado is the past participle of the spanish verb cortar (to cut), in the sense of "dilute", and can refer variously to either coffee or espresso drinks throughout spanish and portuguese speaking countries.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Cottage cheese

Cottage cheese is a curdled milk product with a mild flavor and a creamy, non-homogeneous, soupy texture. it is also known as curds and whey. it is made from cow's milk by draining the cheese, as opposed to pressing it to make cheese curd—retaining some of the whey and keeping the curds loose. an important step in the manufacturing process distinguishing cottage cheese from other fresh cheeses is the adding of a "dressing" to the curd grains, usually cream, which is largely responsible for the taste of the product. cottage cheese is not aged. cottage cheese can be low in calories compared to other types of cheese, making it popular among dieters and some health devotees, similar to yogurt. it can be used with a wide variety of foods such as yogurt, fruit, toast, granola, in salads, as a dip, and as a replacement for mayonnaise.

Breakfast

Cottage cheese

Cottage cheese is a curdled milk product with a mild flavor and a creamy, non-homogeneous, soupy texture. it is also known as curds and whey. it is made from cow's milk by draining the cheese, as opposed to pressing it to make cheese curd—retaining some of the whey and keeping the curds loose. an important step in the manufacturing process distinguishing cottage cheese from other fresh cheeses is the adding of a "dressing" to the curd grains, usually cream, which is largely responsible for the taste of the product. cottage cheese is not aged. cottage cheese can be low in calories compared to other types of cheese, making it popular among dieters and some health devotees, similar to yogurt. it can be used with a wide variety of foods such as yogurt, fruit, toast, granola, in salads, as a dip, and as a replacement for mayonnaise.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Couscous

Couscous (arabic: كُسْكُس kuskus; berber languages: ⵙⴽⵙⵓ, romanized: seksu) – sometimes called kusksi or kseksu – is a maghrebi dish of small steamed granules of rolled durum wheat semolina that is often served with a stew spooned on top. pearl millet, sorghum, bulgur, and other cereals are sometimes cooked in a similar way in other regions, and the resulting dishes are also sometimes called couscous.: 18 couscous is a staple food throughout the maghrebi cuisines of algeria, tunisia, mauritania, morocco, and libya.: 250  it was integrated into french and european cuisine at the beginning of the twentieth century, through the french colonial empire and the pieds-noirs of algeria. in 2020, couscous was added to unesco's intangible cultural heritage list.

Main

Couscous

Couscous (arabic: كُسْكُس kuskus; berber languages: ⵙⴽⵙⵓ, romanized: seksu) – sometimes called kusksi or kseksu – is a maghrebi dish of small steamed granules of rolled durum wheat semolina that is often served with a stew spooned on top. pearl millet, sorghum, bulgur, and other cereals are sometimes cooked in a similar way in other regions, and the resulting dishes are also sometimes called couscous.: 18 couscous is a staple food throughout the maghrebi cuisines of algeria, tunisia, mauritania, morocco, and libya.: 250  it was integrated into french and european cuisine at the beginning of the twentieth century, through the french colonial empire and the pieds-noirs of algeria. in 2020, couscous was added to unesco's intangible cultural heritage list.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Cream sauce

Bechamel sauce ( french: [beʃamɛl]) is a sauce traditionally made from a white roux (butter and flour in a 1:1 mixture) and milk. bechamel may also be referred to as besciamella (italy), besamel (greece), or white sauce (u.s.). french, italian and greek bechamel sauce recipes include salt and nutmeg as a seasoning base.bechamel sauce is one of the "mother sauces" of french cuisine.

Dessert, Sweet

Crepe

A crêpe or crepe ( (listen) or , french: [kʁɛp] (listen), quebec french: [kʁaɪ̯p] (listen)) is a very thin type of pancake. crêpes originated in brittany, a region in western france, during the 13th century, and are now consumed around the world. crêpes are usually one of two varieties: sweet crêpes (crêpes sucrées) or savoury galettes (crêpes salées). they are often served with a wide variety of fillings such as jam or hazelnut cocoa spread. crêpes can also be flambéed, such as in crêpes suzette.

Breakfast

Crepe

A crêpe or crepe ( (listen) or , french: [kʁɛp] (listen), quebec french: [kʁaɪ̯p] (listen)) is a very thin type of pancake. crêpes originated in brittany, a region in western france, during the 13th century, and are now consumed around the world. crêpes are usually one of two varieties: sweet crêpes (crêpes sucrées) or savoury galettes (crêpes salées). they are often served with a wide variety of fillings such as jam or hazelnut cocoa spread. crêpes can also be flambéed, such as in crêpes suzette.

Main

Crevalle jack

The crevalle jack, also known as the common jack, black-tailed trevally, couvalli jack, black cavalli, jack crevale, or yellow cavalli is a common species of large marine fish classified within the jack family, carangidae. the crevalle jack is distributed across the tropical and temperate waters of the atlantic ocean, ranging from nova scotia, canada to uruguay in the west atlantic and portugal to angola in the east atlantic, including the mediterranean sea. it is distinguishable from similar species by its deep body, fin colouration and a host of more detailed anatomical features, including fin ray and lateral line scale counts. it is one of the largest fish in the genus caranx, growing to a maximum known length of 124 cm and a weight of 32 kg, although is rare at lengths greater than 60 cm. the crevalle jack inhabits both inshore and offshore waters to depths of around 350 m, predominantly over reefs, bays, lagoons and occasionally estuaries. young fish dispersed north by currents in the eastern atlantic are known to migrate back to more tropical waters before the onset of winter; however, if the fish fail to migrate, mass mortalities occur as the temperature falls below the species' tolerance. the crevalle jack is a powerful, predatory fish, with extensive studies showing the species consumes a variety of small fish, with invertebrates such as prawns, shrimps, crabs, molluscs and cephalopods also of minor importance. dietary shifts with both age, location and season have been demonstrated, which led some researchers to postulate the species is indiscriminant in its feeding habits. the crevalle jack reaches maturity at 55 cm in males and 66 cm in females, with spawning taking place year round, although peaks in activity have been documented in several sites. the larval and juvenile growth has been extensively studied, with the oldest known individual 17 years of age. the crevalle jack is an important species to commercial fisheries throughout its range, with annual catches ranging between 1000 and 30 000 tonnes over its entire range. it is taken by a variety of netting methods, including purse nets, seines and gill nets, as well as hook-and-line methods. the crevalle jack is also a revered gamefish, taken both by lures and bait. the species is considered of good to poor quality table fare, and is sold fresh, frozen, or preserved, or as fishmeal or oil at market. the crevalle jack is closely related to both the pacific crevalle jack and the longfin crevalle jack, the latter of which has been extensively confused with the true crevalle jack until recently.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Croissant

A croissant (uk: , us: , french: [kʁwasɑ̃] (listen)) is a buttery, flaky, french viennoiserie pastry inspired by the shape of the austrian kipferl but using the french yeast-leavened laminated dough. croissants are named for their historical crescent shape, the dough is layered with butter, rolled and folded several times in succession, then rolled into a thin sheet, in a technique called laminating. the process results in a layered, flaky texture, similar to a puff pastry. crescent-shaped breads have been made since the renaissance, and crescent-shaped cakes possibly since antiquity but using brioche dough. kipferls have long been a staple of austrian, and french bakeries and pâtisseries. the modern croissant was developed in the early 20th century when french bakers replaced the brioche dough of the kipferl with a yeast-leavened laminated dough. in the late 1970s, the development of factory-made, frozen, preformed but unbaked dough made them into a fast food that could be freshly baked by unskilled labor. the croissant bakery, notably the la croissanterie chain, was a french response to american-style fast food, and as of 2008, 30–40% of the croissants sold in french bakeries and patisseries were baked from frozen dough.croissants are a common part of a continental breakfast in many european countries.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Croutons

A crouton is a piece of rebaked bread, often cubed and seasoned. croutons are used to add texture and flavor to salads—notably the caesar salad—as an accompaniment to soups and stews, or eaten as a snack food.

Breakfast

Crumpet

A crumpet ( (listen)) is a small griddle bread made from an unsweetened batter of water or milk, flour, and yeast, eaten in the united kingdom, canada, new zealand, south africa and australia. crumpets are regionally known as pikelets, a name also applied to a thinner, more pancake-like griddle bread: a type of the latter is referred to as a crumpet in scotland.

Dessert, Sweet

Cupcake

A cupcake (also british english: fairy cake; hiberno-english: bun) is a small cake designed to serve one person, which may be baked in a small thin paper or aluminum cup. as with larger cakes, frosting and other cake decorations such as fruit and candy may be applied.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dagga

Spicy tomato and dill salsa, made with tomatoes, chili peppers, garlic, dill, olive oil and salt

Breakfast

Dag meoushan

Smoked trout, sometimes accented with rosemary

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dal

In indian cuisine, dal (also spelled daal or dhal; pronunciation: [d̪aːl]) are dried, split pulses (e.g., lentils, peas, and beans) that do not require soaking before cooking. india is the largest producer of pulses in the world. the term is also used for various soups prepared from these pulses. these pulses are among the most important staple foods in south asian countries, and form an important part of the cuisines of the indian subcontinent.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Date honey

Date honey, date syrup, date molasses, debes (arabic: دِبس, pronounced [dibs]), or rub (arabic: رُب, pronounced [rubb]; hebrew: דְּבַש תמרים dvash tmarim or סילאן, silan; persian: شیره خرما) is a thick dark brown, very sweet fruit syrup extracted from dates. it is widely used in middle eastern cooking.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dates

Fruit from the date palm. a common snack, dessert.

Main

Dim sum

Dim sum (traditional chinese: 點心; simplified chinese: 点心; pinyin: diǎnxīn; cantonese yale: dím sām) is a large range of small chinese dishes that are traditionally enjoyed in restaurants for brunch. most modern dim sum dishes originated in china and are commonly associated with cantonese cuisine, although dim sum dishes also exist in other chinese cuisines. in the tenth century, when the city of guangzhou (canton) began to experience an increase in commercial travel, many frequented teahouses for small-portion meals with tea called yum cha, or "drink tea" meals. yum cha includes two related concepts. the first is "yat jung leung gin" (一盅兩件), which translates literally as "one cup, two pieces". this refers to the custom of serving teahouse customers two pieces of delicately made food items, savory or sweet, to complement their tea. the second is dim sum (點心) and translates literally to "touching heart", the term used to designate the small food items that accompanied the tea drinking. teahouse owners gradually added various snacks called "dim sum" to their offerings. the practice of having tea with dim sum eventually evolved into the modern yum cha (brunch). cantonese dim sum culture developed rapidly during the latter half of the nineteenth century in guangzhou. cantonese dim sum was based originally on local foods. as dim sum continued to develop, chefs introduced influences and traditions from other regions of china.there are over one thousand dim sum dishes in existence today. some estimates claim that there are at least two thousand types of dim sum, though only about forty to fifty types are commonly sold outside of china. cantonese dim sum has a very broad range of flavors, textures, cooking styles and ingredients, and can be classified into regular items, seasonal offerings, weekly specials, banquet dishes, holiday dishes, house signature dishes, travel-friendly, as well as breakfast or lunch foods and late night snacks.dim sum restaurants typically have a wide variety of dishes, usually totaling several dozen. the tea is very important, just as important as the food. many cantonese restaurants serve dim sum as early as five in the morning, while more traditional restaurants typically serve dim sum until mid-afternoon. dim sum restaurants have a unique serving method where servers offer dishes to customers from steam-heated carts. it is now commonplace for restaurants to serve dim sum at dinner time and sell various dim sum items a la carte for takeout. in addition to traditional dim sum, some chefs also create and prepare new fusion-based dim sum dishes. there are variations designed for visual appeal on social media, such as dumplings and buns made to resemble animals, that also exist.

Drink

Doppio

Doppio espresso (italian pronunciation: [ˈdoppjo]) is a double shot which is extracted using double the amount of ground coffee in a larger-sized portafilter basket. this results in 60 ml (2.1 imp fl oz; 2.0 us fl oz) of drink, double the amount of a single shot espresso. doppio is italian multiplier, meaning "double". it is commonly called a standard double, due to its standard in judging the espresso quality in barista competitions, where four single espresso are made using two double portafilters. a single shot of espresso, by contrast, is called a solo ("single") and was developed because it was the maximum amount of ground coffee that could practically be extracted by lever espresso machines. at most cafés outside of italy, a doppio is the standard shot. because solos require a smaller portafilter basket, solo shots are often produced by making ("pulling") a doppio in a two-spout portafilter and only serving one of the streams; the other stream may be discarded or used in another drink.

Main

Doro wot

Spicy stewed chicken, beef, lamb, eggs, vegetables

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dressed herring

Dressed herring, colloquially known as herring under a fur coat (russian: "сельдь под шубой", tr. "sel'd pod shuboy" or "селёдка под шубой", "selyodka pod shuboy"), is a layered salad composed of diced pickled herring covered with layers of grated boiled eggs, vegetables (potatoes, carrots, beetroots), chopped onions, and mayonnaise. some variations of this dish include a layer of fresh grated apple while some do not.a final layer of grated boiled beetroot covered with mayonnaise is what gives the salad its characteristic rich purple color. dressed herring salad is often decorated with grated boiled eggs (whites, yolks, or both). dressed herring salad is popular in russia, ukraine (ukrainian: оселедець під шубою, romanized: oseledets pid shuboyu), belarus (belarusian: селядзец пад футрам, romanized: selyadzets pad futram) and other countries of the former ussr (lithuanian: silkė pataluose, latvian: siļķe kažokā). it is especially popular for holidays, and is commonly served as a "zakuska" at new year (novy god) and christmas celebrations in belarus, russia and kazakhstan.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dried fruit

Dried fruit is fruit from which the majority of the original water content has been removed either naturally, through sun drying, or through the use of specialized dryers or dehydrators. dried fruit has a long tradition of use dating back to the fourth millennium bc in mesopotamia, and is prized because of its sweet taste, nutritive value, and long shelf life. today, dried fruit consumption is widespread. nearly half of the dried fruits sold are raisins, followed by dates, prunes, figs, apricots, peaches, apples, and pears. these are referred to as "conventional" or "traditional" dried fruits: fruits that have been dried in the sun or in heated wind tunnel dryers. many fruits such as cranberries, blueberries, cherries, strawberries, and mango are infused with a sweetener (e.g. sucrose syrup) prior to drying. some products sold as dried fruit, like papaya, kiwifruit and pineapple, are most often candied fruit. dried fruits retain most of the nutritional value of fresh fruits. the specific nutrient content of the different dried fruits reflects their fresh counterpart and the processing method.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Duck sauce

Duck sauce (or orange sauce) is a condiment with a sweet and sour flavor and a translucent orange appearance similar to a thin jelly. offered at american chinese restaurants, it is used as a dip for deep-fried dishes such as wonton strips, spring rolls, egg rolls, duck, chicken, fish, or with rice or noodles. it is often provided in single-serving packets along with soy sauce, mustard, hot sauce or red chili powder. it may be used as a glaze on foods, such as poultry. despite its name, the sauce is not prepared using duck meat; rather it is named as such because it is a common accompaniment to chinese-style duck dishes.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dukkah

Duqqa, du'ah, do'a, or dukkah (arabic: دُقَّة egyptian arabic pronunciation: [ˈdæʔʔæ], hejazi pronunciation: [dʊgːa]) is an egyptian and middle eastern condiment consisting of a mixture of herbs, nuts (usually hazelnut), and spices. it is typically used as a dip with bread or fresh vegetables for an hors d'œuvre. pre-made versions of duqqa can be bought in the spice markets of cairo, where they are sold in paper cones, with the simplest version being crushed mint, salt, and pepper. the packaged variety that is found in markets is composed of parched wheat flour mixed with cumin and caraway. in the hejaz region it has been part of the regional cuisine for decades.

Main

Eggah

Eggah (arabic: عجة البيض ʻaggat el-bayḍ) is an egg-based dish in arab cuisine that is similar to a frittata. it is also known as arab omelet. eggah is commonly seasoned with spices such as cinnamon, cumin, coriander seeds or leaves, turmeric, raisins, pine nuts, nutmeg and fresh herbs. it is generally thick, commonly filled with vegetables and sometimes meat and cooked until completely firm. it is usually circle-shaped and served sliced into rectangles or wedges, sometimes hot and sometimes cold. eggah can be served as an appetizer, main course or side dish.variations of the eggah can include fillings such as; zucchini, onion, tomato, spinach, bread, artichoke, chicken and leek.there is a similar dish in indonesia called martabak, which involves creating an egg skin (or sometimes a thin dough) to cook it from within; it is also served with a dipping sauce. eggah is also similar to a frittata, spanish omelette, persian kuku or a french-style omelette.

Drink

Egg cream

An egg cream is a cold beverage consisting of milk, carbonated water, and flavored syrup (typically chocolate or vanilla), as a substitute for an ice cream float. despite the name, the drink contains neither eggs nor cream.it is prepared by pouring syrup into the glass, adding milk, lightly stirring it with a spoon, then streaming soda water into the glass, mixing the other ingredients. ideally, the glass is left with 2/3 liquid and 1/3 foamy head.the egg cream is almost exclusively a fountain drink. although there have been several attempts to bottle it, none have been wholly successful, as its refreshing taste and characteristic head require mixing of the ingredients just before drinking.

Breakfast

Eggplant

Eggplant (us, canada, australia), aubergine (uk, ireland) or brinjal (indian subcontinent, singapore, malaysia, south africa) is a plant species in the nightshade family solanaceae. solanum melongena is grown worldwide for its edible fruit. most commonly purple, the spongy, absorbent fruit is used in several cuisines. typically used as a vegetable in cooking, it is a berry by botanical definition. as a member of the genus solanum, it is related to the tomato, chili pepper, and potato, although those are of the new world while the eggplant is of the old world. like the tomato, its skin and seeds can be eaten, but, like the potato, it is usually eaten cooked. eggplant is nutritionally low in macronutrient and micronutrient content, but the capability of the fruit to absorb oils and flavors into its flesh through cooking expands its use in the culinary arts. it was originally domesticated from the wild nightshade species thorn or bitter apple, s. incanum, probably with two independent domestications: one in south asia, and one in east asia. in 2018, china and india combined accounted for 87% of the world production of eggplants.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Eggplant

Eggplant (us, canada, australia), aubergine (uk, ireland) or brinjal (indian subcontinent, singapore, malaysia, south africa) is a plant species in the nightshade family solanaceae. solanum melongena is grown worldwide for its edible fruit. most commonly purple, the spongy, absorbent fruit is used in several cuisines. typically used as a vegetable in cooking, it is a berry by botanical definition. as a member of the genus solanum, it is related to the tomato, chili pepper, and potato, although those are of the new world while the eggplant is of the old world. like the tomato, its skin and seeds can be eaten, but, like the potato, it is usually eaten cooked. eggplant is nutritionally low in macronutrient and micronutrient content, but the capability of the fruit to absorb oils and flavors into its flesh through cooking expands its use in the culinary arts. it was originally domesticated from the wild nightshade species thorn or bitter apple, s. incanum, probably with two independent domestications: one in south asia, and one in east asia. in 2018, china and india combined accounted for 87% of the world production of eggplants.

Dessert, Sweet

Eklerki

An éclair (, ; french pronunciation: ​[e.klɛʁ]) is a pastry made with choux dough filled with a cream and topped with a flavored icing. the dough, which is the same as that used for profiterole, is typically piped into an oblong shape with a pastry bag and baked until it is crisp and hollow inside. once cool, the pastry is filled with custard (crème pâtissière), whipped cream or chiboust cream, then iced with fondant icing. other fillings include pistachio- and rum-flavoured custard, fruit-flavoured fillings, or chestnut purée. the icing is sometimes caramel, in which case the dessert may be called a bâton de jacob. a similar pastry in a round rather than oblong shape is called a religieuse.

Drink

Espresso

Espresso ( (listen), italian: [eˈsprɛsso]) is a coffee-brewing method of italian origin, in which a small amount of nearly boiling water (about 90 °c or 190 °f) is forced under 9–10 bars (900–1,000 kpa; 130–150 psi) of pressure through finely-ground coffee beans. espresso coffee can be made with a wide variety of coffee beans and roast degrees. espresso is the most common way of making coffee in southern europe, especially in italy, france, spain and portugal. it is also popular in switzerland, croatia, bulgaria, greece, and in australia. espresso is generally thicker than coffee brewed by other methods, with a viscosity similar to that of warm honey. this is due to the higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids, and the crema on top (a foam with a creamy consistency). as a result of the pressurized brewing process, the flavors and chemicals in a typical cup of espresso are very concentrated. espresso has more caffeine per unit volume than most coffee beverages, but because the usual serving size is much smaller, the total caffeine content is less than a mug of standard brewed coffee. the actual caffeine content of any coffee drink varies by size, bean origin, roast method and other factors, but a typical 28 grams (1 ounce) serving of espresso usually contains 64.5 milligrams of caffeine, whereas a typical serving of drip coffee usually contains 150 to 200 mg.the three dispersed phases in espresso are what make this beverage unique. the first dispersed phase is an emulsion of oil droplets. the second phase is suspended solids, while the third is the layer of gas bubbles or foam. the dispersion of very small oil droplets is perceived in the mouth as creamy. this characteristic of espresso contributes to what is known as the body of the beverage. these oil droplets preserve some of the aromatic compounds that are lost to the air in other coffee forms. this preserves the strong coffee flavor present in the espresso.espresso is the base for various coffee drinks, including caffè latte, cappuccino, caffè macchiato, caffè mocha, flat white, and caffè americano.

Main

Falafel

Falafel (; arabic: فلافل, [fæˈlæːfɪl] (listen)) is a deep-fried ball or patty-shaped fritter in middle eastern cuisine (especially in levantine and egyptian cuisines) made from ground chickpeas, broad beans, or both. nowadays, falafel is often served in a pita, which acts as a pocket, samoon, or wrapped in a flatbread known as taboon; "falafel" also frequently refers to a wrapped sandwich that is prepared in this way. the falafel balls may be topped with salads, pickled vegetables, hot sauce, and drizzled with tahini-based sauces. falafel balls may also be eaten alone as a snack or served as part of a meze tray (assortment of appetizers). falafel is eaten throughout the middle east and is a common street food. falafel is usually made with fava beans in egypt, and called ta'amiya (except for alexandria) , and with chickpeas in the levant and iraq. it is popular with vegetarians worldwide.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Falafel

Falafel (; arabic: فلافل, [fæˈlæːfɪl] (listen)) is a deep-fried ball or patty-shaped fritter in middle eastern cuisine (especially in levantine and egyptian cuisines) made from ground chickpeas, broad beans, or both. nowadays, falafel is often served in a pita, which acts as a pocket, samoon, or wrapped in a flatbread known as taboon; "falafel" also frequently refers to a wrapped sandwich that is prepared in this way. the falafel balls may be topped with salads, pickled vegetables, hot sauce, and drizzled with tahini-based sauces. falafel balls may also be eaten alone as a snack or served as part of a meze tray (assortment of appetizers). falafel is eaten throughout the middle east and is a common street food. falafel is usually made with fava beans in egypt, and called ta'amiya (except for alexandria) , and with chickpeas in the levant and iraq. it is popular with vegetarians worldwide.