Side, Snack, Appetizer

Adobo

Adobo or adobar (spanish: marinade, sauce, or seasoning) is the immersion of cooked food in a stock (or sauce) composed variously of paprika, oregano, salt, garlic, and vinegar to preserve and enhance its flavor. the portuguese variant is known as carne de vinha d'alhos. the practice, native to iberia (spanish cuisine and portuguese cuisine), was widely adopted in latin america, as well as spanish and portuguese colonies in africa and asia. in the philippines, the name adobo was given by colonial-era spaniards on the islands to a different indigenous cooking method that also uses vinegar. although similar, this developed independently of spanish influence.

Main

Adobo, Latin American style

Adobo or adobar (spanish: marinade, sauce, or seasoning) is the immersion of cooked food in a stock (or sauce) composed variously of paprika, oregano, salt, garlic, and vinegar to preserve and enhance its flavor. the portuguese variant is known as carne de vinha d'alhos. the practice, native to iberia (spanish cuisine and portuguese cuisine), was widely adopted in latin america, as well as spanish and portuguese colonies in africa and asia. in the philippines, the name adobo was given by colonial-era spaniards on the islands to a different indigenous cooking method that also uses vinegar. although similar, this developed independently of spanish influence.

Drink

Agua de arroz

Rice water is a suspension of starch obtained by draining boiled rice or by boiling rice until it completely dissolves into the water. it may be used as a weak gruel for invalids. it is especially effective in the treatment of diarrhea such as that arising in cholera or gastroenteritis.

Drink

Agua de ensalada

Fresh fruit drink

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Anafres

A chorizo, red or black bean and cheese dip, named after small clay pots of the same name, serve with tortilla chips

Drink

Aquas

Blended fruit and water drink

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Arepa

Arepa (spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾepa]) is a type of food made of ground maize dough, eaten in the northern region of south america since pre-columbian times, and notable primarily in the cuisine of colombia and venezuela, but also present in the cuisines of bolivia and other countries.it is commonly eaten in those countries and can be served with accompaniments such as cheese, cuajada (fresh cheese), various meats, chicken, avocado, or diablito (deviled ham spread). it can also be split to make sandwiches. sizes, maize types, and added ingredients vary its preparation. it is similar to the mexican gordita, the salvadoran pupusa, the ecuadorian tortilla de maíz and the panamanian tortilla or changa.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Arroz

Rice is the seed of the grass species oryza sativa (asian rice) or less commonly oryza glaberrima (african rice). the name wild rice is usually used for species of the genera zizania and porteresia, both wild and domesticated, although the term may also be used for primitive or uncultivated varieties of oryza. as a cereal grain, domesticated rice is the most widely consumed staple food for over half of the world's human population, especially in asia and africa. it is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production, after sugarcane and maize. since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important food crop with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans. there are many varieties of rice and culinary preferences tend to vary regionally. the traditional method for cultivating rice is flooding the fields while, or after, setting the young seedlings. this simple method requires sound irrigation planning but reduces the growth of less robust weed and pest plants that have no submerged growth state, and deters vermin. while flooding is not mandatory for the cultivation of rice, all other methods of irrigation require higher effort in weed and pest control during growth periods and a different approach for fertilizing the soil. rice, a monocot, is normally grown as an annual plant, although in tropical areas it can survive as a perennial and can produce a ratoon crop for up to 30 years. rice cultivation is well-suited to countries and regions with low labor costs and high rainfall, as it is labor-intensive to cultivate and requires ample water. however, rice can be grown practically anywhere, even on a steep hill or mountain area with the use of water-controlling terrace systems. although its parent species are native to asia and certain parts of africa, centuries of trade and exportation have made it commonplace in many cultures worldwide. production and consumption of rice is estimated to have been responsible for 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2010.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Arroz branco

White rice is milled rice that has had its husk, bran, and germ removed. this alters the flavor, texture and appearance of the rice and helps prevent spoilage, extend its storage life, and makes it easier to digest. after milling (hulling), the rice is polished, resulting in a seed with a bright, white, shiny appearance. the milling and polishing processes both remove nutrients. an unbalanced diet based on unenriched white rice leaves many people vulnerable to the neurological disease beriberi, due to a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin b1). white rice is often enriched with some of the nutrients stripped from it during its processing. enrichment of white rice with b1, b3, and iron is required by law in the united states when distributed by government programs to schools, nonprofits, or foreign countries. as with all natural foods, the precise nutritional composition of rice varies slightly depending on the variety, soil conditions, environmental conditions and types of fertilizers. adopted over brown rice in the second half of the 19th century because it was favored by traders, white rice has led to a beriberi epidemic in asia.at various times, starting in the 19th century, brown rice and other grains such as wild rice have been advocated as healthier alternatives. the bran in brown rice contains significant dietary fiber and the germ contains many vitamins and minerals.typically, 100 grams of uncooked rice produces around 240 to 260 grams of cooked grains, the difference in weight being due to absorbed cooking water.

Main

Arroz con camarones

Rice with shrimp

Dessert, Sweet

Arroz con leche

Rice pudding is a dish made from rice mixed with water or milk and other ingredients such as cinnamon, vanilla and raisins. variants are used for either desserts or dinners. when used as a dessert, it is commonly combined with a sweetener such as sugar. such desserts are found on many continents, especially asia where rice is a staple. some variants are thickened only with the rice starch; others include eggs, making them a kind of custard.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Arroz con maiz

Arroz con maíz is a latin american dish with rice and corn cooked in one pot.

Main

Arroz con pollo

Arroz con pollo (spanish for rice with chicken) is a traditional dish of latin america, closely related to paella. in the dominican republic it is alternately called locrio de pollo, and in saint martin it is called lokri or locreo.there is some debate as to whether it originated in spain or puerto rico. many puerto ricans note that arroz con pollo cannot be made without beer and annatto oil, and saffron is no substitute. beer and annatto are rarely used in spanish cooking and never in arroz con pollo there. annatto is frequently used in puerto rican cooking especially in rice dishes like arroz con gandules (rice with pork and pigeon peas) and arroz con maiz (rice with corn and sausage). beer is used in many puerto rican dishes like pollo guisado (braised stewed chicken) and asopao de pollo (chicken rice stew). many puerto rican rice dishes are generously seasoned with sofrito, a sauce commonly used in arroz con pollo. food writer elisabeth lambert ortiz, pointing out the international aspects of the dish, notes the origin of arroz con pollo in the spanish forms of pilaf, already reflecting international influences: chicken was brought from india and rice from asia; saffron (used for the yellow colour in spain, instead of annatto) was introduced by phoenician traders; tomatoes and peppers (also known as sofrito) are natives of the americas.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Arroz de verduras

Vegetable rice, rice mixed with vegetables

Main

Arroz frito

Fried rice is a dish of cooked rice that has been stir-fried in a wok or a frying pan and is usually mixed with other ingredients such as eggs, vegetables, seafood, or meat. it is often eaten by itself or as an accompaniment to another dish. fried rice is a popular component of east asian, southeast asian and certain south asian cuisines, as well as a staple national dish of indonesia. as a homemade dish, fried rice is typically made with ingredients left over from other dishes, leading to countless variations. [1] first developed during the sui dynasty in china and as such all fried rice dishes can trace their origins to chinese fried rice.many varieties of fried rice have their own specific list of ingredients. in greater china, common varieties include yangzhou fried rice and hokkien fried rice. japanese chāhan is considered a japanese chinese dish, having derived from chinese fried rice dishes. korean bokkeum-bap in general is not of korean chinese origin, although there is a korean chinese variety of bokkeum-bap. in southeast asia, similarly constructed indonesian, malaysian, and singaporean nasi goreng and thai khao phat are popular dishes. in the west, most restaurants catering to vegetarians have invented their own varieties of fried rice, including egg fried rice. fried rice is also seen on the menus of american restaurants offering cuisines with no native tradition of the dish. additionally, the cuisine of some latin american countries includes variations on fried rice, including ecuadorian chaulafan, peruvian arroz chaufa, cuban arroz frito, and puerto rican arroz mamposteao. fried rice is a common street food in asia. in some asian countries, small restaurants, street vendors and traveling hawkers specialize in serving fried rice. in indonesian cities it is common to find fried rice street hawkers moving through the streets with their food cart and stationing it in busy streets or residential areas. many southeast asian street food stands offer fried rice with a selection of optional garnishes and side dishes.

Drink

Atole

Atole (spanish: [aˈtole] (listen), from nahuatl ātōlli [aːˈtoːlːi]), also known as atolli and atol de elote, is a traditional hot corn- and masa-based beverage of mexican origin. chocolate atole is known as champurrado or atole. it typically accompanies tamales, and is very popular during day of the dead (observed november 2) and las posadas (christmas holiday season).

Breakfast

Avocado

The avocado (persea americana) is a tree originating in the americas which is likely native to the highland regions of south-central mexico to guatemala. it is classified as a member of the flowering plant family lauraceae. the fruit of the plant, also called an avocado (or avocado pear or alligator pear), is botanically a large berry containing a single large seed. avocado trees are partially self-pollinating, and are often propagated through grafting to maintain predictable fruit quality and quantity.avocados are cultivated in tropical and mediterranean climates of many countries, with mexico as the leading producer of avocados in 2019, supplying 32% of the world total. avocado production is one of the most environmentally intensive fruits, using 70 litres (18 us gallons; 15 imperial gallons) of water per avocado, and over 400 grams of co2 emissions. in major production regions like chile, mexico and california, the water demands for avocado puts pressure on overall water resources. avocado production is also connected to other concerns, including environmental justice and human rights concerns, deforestation and connections of mexican avocados with organized crime. climate change is expected to cause significant changes in the suitable growing zones for avocados, and put additional pressure due to heat waves and drought.the fruit of domestic varieties has a buttery flesh when ripe. depending on the variety, avocados have green, brown, purplish, or black skin when ripe, and may be pear-shaped, egg-shaped, or spherical. commercially, the fruits are picked while immature, and ripened after harvesting. the high fat and smooth texture of avocados make it a useful and diverse food in different cuisines, and is traditionally important in mexican foods. the high nutritional value and concentration of fat, make avocados a commonly used food in vegetarian foods and generally is thought nutritious and healthy.

Breakfast

Baleada

A baleada (spanish pronunciation: [baleada]) is a traditional central american dish, believed to have originated on the northern coast of honduras. it is composed of a flour tortilla, filled with a smear of mashed "refried" red beans (a variety of bean native to central and south america), crema (mantequilla blanca), and crumbled queso duro (salty hard cheese). this is usually called baleada sencilla (simple baleada). another common variety of baleada is the baleada mixta (mixed baleada) which is baleada sencilla with the addition of scrambled eggs. many other people add sausage, plantain, hot sauce, avocado, chicken, pork and chimol which is diced tomato, onion and bell pepper. the big honduran towns often have more than one restaurant that sells baleadas.

Main

Baleada

A baleada (spanish pronunciation: [baleada]) is a traditional central american dish, believed to have originated on the northern coast of honduras. it is composed of a flour tortilla, filled with a smear of mashed "refried" red beans (a variety of bean native to central and south america), crema (mantequilla blanca), and crumbled queso duro (salty hard cheese). this is usually called baleada sencilla (simple baleada). another common variety of baleada is the baleada mixta (mixed baleada) which is baleada sencilla with the addition of scrambled eggs. many other people add sausage, plantain, hot sauce, avocado, chicken, pork and chimol which is diced tomato, onion and bell pepper. the big honduran towns often have more than one restaurant that sells baleadas.

Drink

Barena

Drink

Batido

Licuados (also known regionally as batidos) are a latin american handmade blended beverage similar to smoothies, made with milk, fruit, and usually ice. they are also sometimes called "preparados" (meaning "prepared").licuados and other fresh fruit juice drinks are ubiquitous throughout mexico. they are sold by street vendors, and in special licuado shops, restaurants, and fruterias (restaurants specializing in fresh fruit).

Main

Bistec

Bistek (from spanish: bistec, "beefsteak"), also known as bistek tagalog or karne frita, is a filipino dish consisting of thinly-sliced beefsteak braised in soy sauce, calamansi juice, garlic, ground black pepper, and onions cut into rings. it is a common staple in the tagalog and western visayan regions of the philippines. it is eaten over white rice.

Main

Bistec encebollado

Beef steak with onions

Main

Bocadillo

The bocadillo or bocata, in spain, is a sandwich made with spanish bread, usually a baguette or similar type of bread, cut lengthwise. traditionally seen as a humble food, its low cost has allowed it to evolve over time into an iconic piece of cuisine. in spain, they are often eaten in cafes and tapas bars.some bocadillos are seasoned with sauces like mayonnaise, aioli, ketchup, mustard or tomato sauce. they are usually served with cold beer or red wine, drinks, coffee and a portion of tapas. different types of bocadillos are available in different parts of spain, such as the serranito, almussafes and esgarrat.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bocadito

The bocadillo or bocata, in spain, is a sandwich made with spanish bread, usually a baguette or similar type of bread, cut lengthwise. traditionally seen as a humble food, its low cost has allowed it to evolve over time into an iconic piece of cuisine. in spain, they are often eaten in cafes and tapas bars.some bocadillos are seasoned with sauces like mayonnaise, aioli, ketchup, mustard or tomato sauce. they are usually served with cold beer or red wine, drinks, coffee and a portion of tapas. different types of bocadillos are available in different parts of spain, such as the serranito, almussafes and esgarrat.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Cachitos

Cachitos are a venezuelan food similar to the croissant, and are often filled with ham and cheese.the ingredients variate according to the state and the bakery they are made from but the most common ingredients are: wheat flour, butter, eggs, room temperature milk, water, salt, yeast and a pinch of sugar.the origin of the cachitos is unsure. some associate it with the arrival of portuguese and italian bakers in the early twentieth century, while others believe that it came to existence in the kitchen of an italian baker named pietroluchi pancaldi in lusiteña, caracas in 1940. while others believe cachitos is a derivate of the venezuelan christmas dish, pan de jamon. cachitos are a staple in venezuelan cuisine. normally, they are eaten during breakfast hours, but they are also known to be eaten throughout the day. in venezuela, some bakeries have made sure that the scent of fresh cachitos are in the air by the time the country wakes up, but outside of the country it is hard to find such delicacies from the local bakery. they are usually accompanied by natural juices, coffee or malta.

Drink

Café con leche

Café con leche ('coffee with milk') is a coffee beverage common throughout spain and latin america consisting of strong coffee (usually espresso) mixed with scalded milk in approximately equal amounts. the amount of milk can be higher in a café con leche en vaso or a café con leche de desayuno. sugar or sweetener is added to taste. it is similar to the italian caffè latte and the french café au lait.

Drink

Cafe crema

Caffè crema (italian: "cream coffee") refers to two different coffee drinks: an old name for espresso (1940s and 1950s). a long espresso drink served primarily in germany, switzerland and austria and northern italy (1980s onwards), along the italian/swiss and italian/austrian border. in germany it is generally known as a "café crème" or just "kaffee" and is generally the default type of black coffee served, unless there is a filter machine.as a colorful term it generally means "espresso", while in technical discussions, referring to the long drink, it may more narrowly be referred to as swiss caffè crema. in addition, there is also italian iced crema caffè. variant terms include "crema caffè" and the hyperforeignism "café crema" – "café" is french, while "caffè" and "crema" are italian, thus "café crema" mixes french and italian.

Dessert, Sweet

Cajeta

Dulce de leche (spanish: [ˈdulse ðe ˈletʃe]; portuguese: doce de leite european portuguese: [ˈdosɨ dɨ ˈlɐjtɨ] brazilian portuguese: [ˈdosi dʒi ˈleitʃi]), also known as caramelized milk or milk jam in english, is a confection from latin america prepared by slowly heating sugar and milk over a period of several hours. the resulting substance, which takes on a spreadable, sauce-like consistency, derives its rich flavour and colour from non-enzymatic browning. it is typically used to top or fill other sweet foods. dulce de leche is spanish for "sweet [made] of milk". other regional names in spanish include manjar ("delicacy") and arequipe; in some mesoamerican countries dulce de leche made with goat's milk is called cajeta. in french it sometimes called confiture de lait. it is also known under the name of kajmak in polish cuisine, where it was independently created based on turkish kaymak, a kind of clotted cream. kajmak is most commonly used for wafers or the mazurek pie traditionally eaten on easter.

Main

Camarones al ajillo

Al ajillo is a typical condiment in the cuisines of the spanish-speaking world. the likely origin, through colonization, is the spanish dish gambas al ajillo, prawns cooked in a garlic and hot paprika oil. in mexico, it combines guajillo chili peppers and ajo (garlic). in other latin american countries the dish is similar, but using other chilies, for example the aji panca or aji mirasol in peruvian cooking, dried forms of aji amarillo.

Main

Candinga

Chopped and stewed pork liver with onions, peppers, tomatoes, spices, serve with tortillas

Dessert, Sweet

Capirotada

Capirotada (spanish pronunciation: [kapiɾoˈtaða]), also known as capirotada de vigilia, is a traditional mexican food similar to a bread pudding that is usually eaten during the lenten period. it is one of the dishes served on good friday.

Main

Carneada

Honduran cuisine is a fusion of mesoamerican (lenca), spanish, caribbean and african cuisines. there are also dishes from the garifuna people. coconut and coconut milk are featured in both sweet and savory dishes. regional specialties include sopa de caracol, fried fish, tamales, carne asada and baleadas. other popular dishes include meat roasted with chismol and carne asada, chicken with rice and corn, and fried fish with pickled onions and jalapeños. in the coastal areas and the bay islands, seafood and some meats are prepared in many ways, including with coconut milk. among the soups the hondurans enjoy are bean soup, mondongo soup (tripe soup), seafood soups and beef soups. generally all of these soups are mixed with plantains, yuca, and cabbage, and served with corn tortillas. other typical dishes are the montucas or corn tamales, stuffed tortillas, and tamales wrapped in plantain leaves. typical honduran dishes also include an abundant selection of tropical fruits such as papaya, pineapple, plum, sapote, passion fruit, and bananas which are prepared in many ways while they are still green. common beverages for dinner or lunch include soft drinks. one agua fresca that is very popular in honduras is agua de ensalada. this freshly made drink consists of chopped fruit such as apples and various seasonal fruit. another popular drink is agua de nance. among the most tasteful of bottled drinks is called tropical, which is a banana-flavored soft drink.

Main

Carne asada

Carne asada is grilled and sliced beef, usually skirt steak, or a flank steak. it is usually marinated then grilled or seared to impart a charred flavor. carne asada can be served on its own or as an ingredient in other dishes. the term carne asada translates literally to "grilled meat"; the english-style dish "roast beef" is called by its english name in spanish, so that each dish has a distinctive name. the term carne asada is used in mexico and central america and refers to the style of grilled meat in those countries. in south america, the term used for grilled meat is asado and it has a different style and preparation.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Casabe

Cassava flatbread

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Casamiento

Rice and beans

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Catrachas

Fried tortillas covered with refried beans, queso fresco cheese, avoacdo, chili peppers, hot sauce, similar to tostadas

Breakfast

Cereal

Cereal, formally termed breakfast cereal (and further categorized as cold cereal or warm cereal), is a traditional breakfast food made from processed cereal grains. it is traditionally eaten as part of breakfast, or a snack food, primarily in western societies. although warm cereals like porridge and grits have the longest history, ready-to-eat cold cereals appeared around the late 19th century, and are most often mixed with milk (traditionally cow's milk), but can also be paired with yogurt instead or eaten plain. fruit or nuts are sometimes added. many cereals are produced via extrusion. some companies promote their products for the health benefits that come from eating oat-based and high-fiber cereals. in the united states, cereals are often fortified with vitamins but can still lack many of the vitamins needed for a healthy breakfast. a significant proportion of cereals have a high sugar content ("sugar cereals" or "sugary cereals" in common parlance). some cereals are marketed primarily towards children, feature a cartoon mascot, and may contain a toy or prize. between 1970 and 1998, the number of different types of breakfast cereals in the u.s. more than doubled, from about 160 to around 340; as of 2012, there were roughly 4,945 different types (estimate based on the mass customization of online shopping). in this highly competitive market, cereal companies have developed an ever-increasing number of varieties and flavors (some are flavored like dessert or candy). although many plain wheat-, oat- and corn-based cereals exist, many other varieties are highly sweetened, while some brands include freeze-dried fruit as a sweet element. the breakfast cereal industry has gross profit margins of 40–45%, 90% penetration in some markets, and has had steady and continued growth throughout its history.

Main

Ceviche

Ceviche, also cebiche, seviche, or sebiche (spanish pronunciation: [seˈβitʃe]) is a south american seafood dish originally from what is the modern day country of peru, typically made from fresh raw fish cured in fresh citrus juices, most commonly lemon or lime. it is also spiced with ají, chili peppers or other seasonings and julienned red onions, salt, and coriander are also added. the name originates from the quechuan word siwichi, which means fresh or tender fish.because the dish is eaten raw, and not cooked with heat, it must be prepared fresh and consumed immediately to minimize the risk of food poisoning. ceviche is often eaten as an appetizer; if eaten as a main dish, it is usually accompanied by side dishes that complement its flavors, such as sweet potato, lettuce, maize, avocado, or cooking banana.the dish is popular in the pacific coastal regions of western south america. the origin of ceviche is ancient incan which today corresponds to the modern day country of peru. the technique of macerating raw fish and meat in vinegar, citrus, and spices (escabeche) was brought to the americas from spain and is linked to the muslim heritage in spanish cuisine. however, archeological records suggest that something resembling ceviche may have been in the western south america as early as two thousand years ago. the dominant position lima held through four centuries as the capital of the viceroyalty of peru allowed for popular dishes such as ceviche to be brought to other spanish administrative provinces in the region, and in time they became a part of local cuisine by incorporating regional flavors and styles.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Ceviche de camaron

Shrimp ceviche

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Chamoy

Chamoy is a variety of savory sauces and condiments in mexican cuisine made from pickled fruit. chamoy may range from a liquid to a paste consistency, and typically its flavor is salty, sweet, sour, and spiced with chilis.

Dessert, Sweet

Chancletas

Slippers, chayote squash halves filled with a mixture of mashed chayote, cookie crumbs, sugar, cinnamon and raisins

Main

Chanfaina

Tripe, offal and vegetable stew

Breakfast

Cheese

Cheese is a dairy product produced in wide ranges of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein. it comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep. during production, milk is usually acidified and the enzymes of either rennet or bacterial enzymes with similar activity are added to cause the casein to coagulate. the solid curds are then separated from the liquid whey and pressed into finished cheese. some cheeses have aromatic molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout. over a thousand types of cheese exist and are produced in various countries. their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurized, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and how long they have been aged for. herbs, spices, or wood smoke may be used as flavoring agents. the yellow to red color of many cheeses is produced by adding annatto. other ingredients may be added to some cheeses, such as black pepper, garlic, chives or cranberries. a cheesemonger, or specialist seller of cheeses, may have expertise with selecting the cheeses, purchasing, receiving, storing and ripening them.for a few cheeses, the milk is curdled by adding acids such as vinegar or lemon juice. most cheeses are acidified to a lesser degree by bacteria, which turn milk sugars into lactic acid, then the addition of rennet completes the curdling. vegetarian alternatives to rennet are available; most are produced by fermentation of the fungus mucor miehei, but others have been extracted from various species of the cynara thistle family. non-vegetarian cheese has a high carbon footprint. cheesemakers near a dairy region may benefit from fresher, lower-priced milk, and lower shipping costs. cheese is valued for its portability, long shelf life, and high content of fat, protein, calcium, and phosphorus. cheese is more compact and has a longer shelf life than milk, although how long a cheese will keep depends on the type of cheese. hard cheeses, such as parmesan, last longer than soft cheeses, such as brie or goat's milk cheese. the long storage life of some cheeses, especially when encased in a protective rind, allows selling when markets are favorable. vacuum packaging of block-shaped cheeses and gas-flushing of plastic bags with mixtures of carbon dioxide and nitrogen are used for storage and mass distribution of cheeses in the 21st century.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Chicharrón

Chicharrón (spanish: [tʃitʃaˈron], andalusian: [ʃiʃaˈron], plural chicharrones; portuguese: torresmo [tuˈʁeʒmu, toˈʁezmu, toˈʁeʒmu]; filipino: chicharon; chamorro: chachalon) is a dish generally consisting of fried pork belly or fried pork rinds. chicharrón may also be made from chicken, mutton or beef.

Main

Chilaquiles

Chilaquiles (spanish pronunciation: [tʃilaˈkiles]) are a traditional mexican breakfast dish consisting of corn tortillas cut into quarters and lightly fried.

Drink

Chilate

Chilate is a drink prepared with cocoa, rice, cinnamon and sugar. it is originally from ayutla de los libres, guerrero, méxico. chilate is served cold and usually accompanied with buñuelos. in oaxaca, mexico, chilate is a typical dish the region that is a type of broth made with chicken. atolli or "maize drink" in nahuatl, is the base for chilate. there's another drink in southern mexico (state of guerrero) also known as chilate, prepared with cocoa, rice, corn (sometimes served with cookies), cinnamon and piloncillo (cooked sugar cane juice). this drink is served very cold.

Main

Chile relleno

The chile relleno (spanish pronunciation: [ˈtʃile reˈʎeno], literally "stuffed chile") is a dish in mexican cuisine that originated in the city of puebla. in 1858 it was described as a "green chile pepper stuffed with minced meat and coated with eggs".the most common pepper used is puebla's poblano pepper, though new mexico chile, pasilla, or even jalapeño peppers are popular as well. it is typically stuffed with melted cheese, such as queso chihuahua or queso oaxaca or with picadillo meat made of diced pork, raisins and nuts, seasoned with canella; covered in an egg white batter, simply corn masa flour and fried, or without any batter at all. although it is often served in a tomato sauce, the sauces can vary.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Chimichurri

Chimichurri (spanish: [tʃimiˈtʃuri]) is an uncooked sauce used both as an ingredient in cooking and as a table condiment for grilled meat. found in argentinian and uruguayan cuisines, the sauce comes in a green (chimichurri verde) and red (chimichurri rojo) version. it is made of finely chopped parsley, minced garlic, olive oil, oregano and red wine vinegar.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Chimol

Chimol (also known chirmol and chismol) is a common central american cuisine or condiment topping on foods such as carne asada.

Dessert, Sweet

Chocoflan

Bundt-shaped chocolate cake topped with a layer of flan

Main

Chop suey

Chop suey () is a dish in american chinese cuisine and other forms of overseas chinese cuisine, consisting of meat (often chicken, fish, beef, shrimp, or pork) and eggs, cooked quickly with vegetables such as bean sprouts, cabbage, and celery and bound in a starch-thickened sauce. it is typically served with rice but can become the chinese-american form of chow mein with the substitution of stir-fried noodles for rice. chop suey has become a prominent part of american chinese cuisine, filipino cuisine, canadian chinese cuisine, german chinese cuisine, indian chinese cuisine, and polynesian cuisine. in chinese indonesian cuisine it is known as cap cai (雜菜, "mixed vegetables") and mainly consists of vegetables.

Main

Choripán

Choripán (plural: choripanes) is an argentinian type of sandwich with chorizo and popular in other countries like bolivia, chile, peru, uruguay, and el salvador. the name comes from the combination of the names of its ingredients: a grilled chorizo sausage and a crusty bread (spanish: pan) such as a pan batido, baguette, or francés.

Main

Chuleta de cerdo

Pork chop, for example, fried, stewed, roasted

Dessert, Sweet

Churro

A churro (spanish pronunciation: [ˈtʃuro], portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʃuʁu]) is a type of fried dough from spanish and portuguese cuisine. they are also found in latin american cuisine and the cuisine of the philippines and in other areas that have received immigration from spanish and portuguese-speaking countries, especially in the southwestern united states and france. in spain, churros can either be thin (and sometimes knotted) or long and thick, where they are known as porras or jeringos in some regions. they are normally eaten for breakfast dipped in champurrado, hot chocolate, dulce de leche or café con leche. cinnamon sugar is often sprinkled on top. there are also two slightly different snacks in portugal, called porra and fartura, which are filled with jelly instead of the doce de leite, traditional to brazilian churros.

Drink

Coconut water

Coconut water (also coconut juice) is the clear liquid inside coconuts (fruits of the coconut palm). in early development, it serves as a suspension for the endosperm of the coconut during the nuclear phase of development. as growth continues, the endosperm matures into its cellular phase and deposits into the rind of the coconut pulp. the liquid inside young coconuts is often preferred to the liquid of a ripened coconut. coconut water from young green coconuts is also known specifically as buko juice in philippine english.

Drink

Coffee

Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain flowering plants in the coffea genus. from the coffee fruit, the seeds are separated to produce a stable, raw product: unroasted green coffee. the seeds are then roasted, a process which transforms them into a consumable product: roasted coffee, which is ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. it is one of the most popular drinks in the world and can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, french press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). it is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. sugar, sugar substitutes, milk or cream are often used to lessen the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. it may be served with coffee cake or another sweet dessert, like doughnuts. a commercial establishment that sells prepared coffee beverages is known as a coffeehouse or coffee shop (not to be confused with dutch coffeeshops selling cannabis). clinical research indicates that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial as a stimulant in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption has positive or negative effects.though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the red sea. the earliest credible evidence of the drinking of coffee in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day yemen from the mid-15th century in sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. the yemenis procured the coffee beans from the ethiopian highlands via coastal somali intermediaries and began cultivation. by the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the middle east and north africa, later spreading to europe. in the 20th century, coffee became a much more global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. the two most commonly grown coffee bean types are c. arabica and c. robusta. coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the americas, southeast asia, the indian subcontinent, and africa. as of 2018, brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world total. coffee is a major export commodity as the leading legal agricultural export for numerous countries. it is one of the most valuable commodities exported by developing countries. green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and one of the most traded commodities overall, second only to petroleum. despite the sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars, those actually producing the beans are disproportionately living in poverty. critics also point to the coffee industry's negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. the environmental costs and wage disparity of farmers are causing the market for fair trade and organic coffee to expand.

Breakfast

Coffee

Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain flowering plants in the coffea genus. from the coffee fruit, the seeds are separated to produce a stable, raw product: unroasted green coffee. the seeds are then roasted, a process which transforms them into a consumable product: roasted coffee, which is ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. it is one of the most popular drinks in the world and can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, french press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). it is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. sugar, sugar substitutes, milk or cream are often used to lessen the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. it may be served with coffee cake or another sweet dessert, like doughnuts. a commercial establishment that sells prepared coffee beverages is known as a coffeehouse or coffee shop (not to be confused with dutch coffeeshops selling cannabis). clinical research indicates that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial as a stimulant in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption has positive or negative effects.though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the red sea. the earliest credible evidence of the drinking of coffee in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day yemen from the mid-15th century in sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. the yemenis procured the coffee beans from the ethiopian highlands via coastal somali intermediaries and began cultivation. by the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the middle east and north africa, later spreading to europe. in the 20th century, coffee became a much more global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. the two most commonly grown coffee bean types are c. arabica and c. robusta. coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the americas, southeast asia, the indian subcontinent, and africa. as of 2018, brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world total. coffee is a major export commodity as the leading legal agricultural export for numerous countries. it is one of the most valuable commodities exported by developing countries. green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and one of the most traded commodities overall, second only to petroleum. despite the sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars, those actually producing the beans are disproportionately living in poverty. critics also point to the coffee industry's negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. the environmental costs and wage disparity of farmers are causing the market for fair trade and organic coffee to expand.

Main

Conch

Conch () is a common name of a number of different medium-to-large-sized sea snails. conch shells typically have a high spire and a noticeable siphonal canal (in other words, the shell comes to a noticeable point at both ends). in north america, a conch is often identified as a queen conch, indigenous to the waters of the gulf of mexico and caribbean. queen conches are valued for seafood and are also used as fish bait.the group of conches that are sometimes referred to as "true conches" are marine gastropod molluscs in the family strombidae, specifically in the genus strombus and other closely related genera. for example, lobatus gigas, the queen conch, and laevistrombus canarium, the dog conch, are true conches. many other species are also often called "conch", but are not at all closely related to the family strombidae, including melongena species (family melongenidae) and the horse conch triplofusus papillosus (family fasciolariidae). species commonly referred to as conches also include the sacred chank or shankha shell (turbinella pyrum) and other turbinella species in the family turbinellidae. the triton's trumpet (family charoniidae) may also be fashioned into a horn and referred to as a conch.

Dessert, Sweet

Conserva de coco

Coconut sweets

Main

Cordon bleu

A cordon bleu or schnitzel cordon bleu is a dish of meat wrapped around cheese (or with cheese filling), then breaded and pan-fried or deep-fried. veal or pork cordon bleu is made of veal or pork pounded thin and wrapped around a slice of ham and a slice of cheese, breaded, and then pan fried or baked. for chicken cordon bleu chicken breast is used instead of veal. ham cordon bleu is ham stuffed with mushrooms and cheese.

Breakfast

Corn tamale

A tamale, in spanish tamal, is a traditional mesoamerican dish made of masa, a dough made from nixtamalized corn, which is steamed in a corn husk or banana leaf. the wrapping can either be discarded prior to eating or used as a plate. tamales can be filled with meats, cheeses, fruits, vegetables, herbs, chilies, or any preparation according to taste, and both the filling and the cooking liquid may be seasoned. tamale is an anglicized version of the spanish word tamal (plural: tamales). tamal comes from the nahuatl tamalli. the english "tamale" is a back-formation of tamales, with english speakers interpreting the -e- as part of the stem, rather than part of the plural suffix -es.

Drink

Cortado

A cortado is a beverage consisting of espresso mixed with a roughly equal amount of warm milk to reduce the acidity. the milk in a cortado is steamed, but not frothy and "texturized" as in many italian coffee drinks. the cortado comes from spain, most likely madrid, where it is commonly served.the word cortado is the past participle of the spanish verb cortar (to cut), in the sense of "dilute", and can refer variously to either coffee or espresso drinks throughout spanish and portuguese speaking countries.

Main

Costillas

Ribs of pork, beef, lamb, and venison are a cut of meat. the term ribs usually refers to the less meaty part of the chops, often cooked as a slab (not cut into separate ribs). ribs of bison, goat, ostrich, crocodile, alligator, llama, alpaca, beefalo, african buffalo, water buffalo, kangaroo, and other animals are also consumed in various parts of the world. they can be roasted, grilled, fried, baked, braised, or smoked. a set of ribs served together (5 or more), is known as a rack (as in a rack of ribs). pork ribs were considered cast off cuts and in the 19th century as pork was primarily packaged in wood barrels, butchers would not be able to fit the spareribs. this oversupply of ribs meant that in areas where hogs were being packed or processed, ribs could be found at zero or low cost. barbeque ribs became popular in the 20th century at the dawn of mechanical refrigeration. before refrigerated transport, barbeque pork ribs would only be consumed as part of a whole "pig roast" where a whole pig was often barbequed in a pit.in american cuisine, ribs usually refers to barbecue pork ribs, or sometimes beef ribs, which are served with various barbecue sauces. they are served as a rack of meat which diners customarily tear apart by hand, then eat the meat from the bone. slow roasting or barbecuing for as much as 10–12 hours creates a tender finished product.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Cuajada

Cuajada (milk curd) is a cheese product. traditionally it is made from ewe's milk, but now it is more often made industrially from cow's milk. it is popular in the northern regions of spain (asturias, basque country, navarre, aragon, castile and leon, la rioja). in latin america it is popular in colombia and in the central american countries of el salvador, honduras and nicaragua.raw warmed milk is mixed with a rennet or with plant extracts and left to curdle. it was traditionally made in a wooden recipient called 'kaiku' and heated with a red-hot poker, giving it a distinct faintly burned taste. cuajada means 'curdled' in spanish. in basque, it is called mamia. cuajada is usually served as dessert with honey and walnuts or sometimes sugar, and, less often, for breakfast with fruit or honey. in colombia, it is typically served with melado, a thick syrup made of panela. in nicaragua salt is usually added to the cuajada and enjoyed with güirilas and other dishes

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Curtido

Curtido (spanish pronunciation: [kuɾˈtiðo]) is a type of lightly fermented cabbage relish. it is typical in salvadoran cuisine and that of other central american countries, and is usually made with cabbage, onions, carrots, oregano, and sometimes lime juice; it resembles sauerkraut, kimchi, or tart coleslaw. it is commonly served alongside pupusas, the national delicacy. fellow central american country belize has a similar recipe called "curtido" by its spanish speakers; however, it is a spicy, fermented relish made with onions, habaneros, and vinegar. it is used to top salbutes, garnaches, and other common dishes in belizean cuisine.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Deditos de queso

Fried breaded cheese stick

Dessert, Sweet

Dulce de leche

Dulce de leche (spanish: [ˈdulse ðe ˈletʃe]; portuguese: doce de leite european portuguese: [ˈdosɨ dɨ ˈlɐjtɨ] brazilian portuguese: [ˈdosi dʒi ˈleitʃi]), also known as caramelized milk or milk jam in english, is a confection from latin america prepared by slowly heating sugar and milk over a period of several hours. the resulting substance, which takes on a spreadable, sauce-like consistency, derives its rich flavour and colour from non-enzymatic browning. it is typically used to top or fill other sweet foods. dulce de leche is spanish for "sweet [made] of milk". other regional names in spanish include manjar ("delicacy") and arequipe; in some mesoamerican countries dulce de leche made with goat's milk is called cajeta. in french it sometimes called confiture de lait. it is also known under the name of kajmak in polish cuisine, where it was independently created based on turkish kaymak, a kind of clotted cream. kajmak is most commonly used for wafers or the mazurek pie traditionally eaten on easter.

Breakfast

Eggs

Eggs are laid by female animals of many different species, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, a few mammals, and fish, and many of these have been eaten by humans for thousands of years. bird and reptile eggs consist of a protective eggshell, albumen (egg white), and vitellus (egg yolk), contained within various thin membranes. the most commonly consumed eggs are chicken eggs. other poultry eggs including those of duck and quail also are eaten. fish eggs are called roe and caviar. egg yolks and whole eggs store significant amounts of protein and choline, and are widely used in cookery. due to their protein content, the united states department of agriculture formerly categorized eggs as meats within the food guide pyramid (now myplate). despite the nutritional value of eggs, there are some potential health issues arising from cholesterol content, salmonella contamination, and allergy to egg proteins. chickens and other egg-laying creatures are kept widely throughout the world and mass production of chicken eggs is a global industry. in 2009, an estimated 62.1 million metric tons of eggs were produced worldwide from a total laying flock of approximately 6.4 billion hens. there are issues of regional variation in demand and expectation, as well as current debates concerning methods of mass production. in 2012, the european union banned battery husbandry of chickens.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Elote

Corn on the cob is a culinary term for a cooked ear of sweet corn (maize) eaten directly off the cob. the ear is picked while the endosperm is in the "milk stage" so that the kernels are still tender. ears of corn are steamed, boiled, or grilled usually without their green husks, or roasted with them. the husk leaves are removed before serving. corn on the cob is normally eaten while still warm. it is often seasoned with salt and butter. some diners use specialized skewers, thrust into the ends of the cob, to hold the ear while eating without touching the hot and sticky kernels. after being picked, the corn's sugar converts into starch: it takes only one day for it to lose up to 25% of its sweetness, so it is ideally cooked on the same day as it is harvested.

Main

Encebollado

Encebollado (spanish: cooked with onions) is a fish stew from ecuador, where it is regarded as a national dish. although known throughout ecuador, the dish is most popular in the country's coastal region. it is served with boiled cassava and pickled red onion rings. a dressing of onion is prepared with fresh tomato and spices such as pepper or coriander leaves. it is commonly prepared with albacore, but tuna, billfish, or bonito may also be used. it may be served with ripe avocado. it possibly originates from the basque dish by the name of marmitako. encebollado is usually served with banana chips, plantains, or bread as side dishes. it may be garnished with lime juice and chili sauce. people in ecuador eat it for breakfast, lunch, or dinner. restaurants that sell only this dish start serving it in the early morning.

Main

Enchiladas Hondureñas

Honduran enchiladas, tostadas topped with meat, cabbage, tomatoes, queso fresco

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Ensalada de coditos

Pasta salad

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Ensalada de manzana

A sweet apple salad, common during christmas and the new year

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Ensalada de papa

Potato salad

Main

Ensalada de pollo

Chicken salad is any salad with chicken as a main ingredient. other common ingredients may include mayonnaise, hard-boiled egg, celery, onion, pepper, pickles (or pickle relish) and a variety of mustards.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Ensalada de repollo

Coleslaw (from the dutch term koolsla meaning 'cabbage salad'), also known as cole slaw, or simply as slaw, is a side dish consisting primarily of finely shredded raw cabbage with a salad dressing or condiment, commonly either vinaigrette or mayonnaise. coleslaw prepared with vinaigrette may benefit from the long lifespan granted by pickling.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Ensalada repollo

Coleslaw (from the dutch term koolsla meaning 'cabbage salad'), also known as cole slaw, or simply as slaw, is a side dish consisting primarily of finely shredded raw cabbage with a salad dressing or condiment, commonly either vinaigrette or mayonnaise. coleslaw prepared with vinaigrette may benefit from the long lifespan granted by pickling.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Ensalada rusa

Olivier salad (russian: салат оливье, tr. salat olivye) is a traditional salad dish in russian cuisine, which is also popular in other post-soviet countries and around the world. in different modern recipes, it is usually made with diced boiled potatoes, carrots, brined dill pickles (or cucumber), green peas, eggs, celeriac, onions, diced boiled chicken or bologna sausage (sometimes ham or hot dogs), and tart apples, with salt, pepper, and mustard added to enhance flavor, dressed with mayonnaise. in many countries, the dish is commonly referred to as russian salad, in brazil it is called maionese, and in a few scandinavian countries (norway and denmark) it is called russisk salat (russian salad). in russia and other post-soviet states, as well as in russophone communities worldwide, the salad has become one of the main dishes on zakuski tables served during new year's eve ("novy god") celebrations.

Main

Espaguetis

Spaghetti (italian: [spaˈɡetti]) is a long, thin, solid, cylindrical pasta. it is a staple food of traditional italian cuisine. like other pasta, spaghetti is made of milled wheat and water and sometimes enriched with vitamins and minerals. italian spaghetti is typically made from durum wheat semolina. usually the pasta is white because refined flour is used, but whole wheat flour may be added. spaghettoni is a thicker form of spaghetti, while capellini is a very thin spaghetti. originally, spaghetti was notably long, but shorter lengths gained in popularity during the latter half of the 20th century and now it is most commonly available in 25–30 cm (10–12 in) lengths. a variety of pasta dishes are based on it and it is frequently served with tomato sauce or meat or vegetables.

Main

Espetada

Espetada (also known as espetinho, especially in brazil) is the portuguese term used for the technique of cooking food on skewers, and for the dishes prepared that way. espetada is a traditional dish in portuguese cuisine. in portugal, espetadas can be prepared with different types of meat, as well as squid or fish, with monkfish being commonly used. the most common are beef or pork, or a mixture of the two. more recently, turkey or chicken is used. often pieces of bell pepper, onion, and chouriço are placed between the meat pieces. espatada is usually accompanied by white rice or potatoes, and salad. in madeira, beef on bay laurel skewers is a typical dish, with origins in the strait of câmara de lobos. the meat, after being cut into cubes and before being grilled, is seasoned with salt, pepper, garlic and bay leaf. it is then cooked over hot coals or wood chips. bolo do caco is usually eaten with it, or milho frito, fried squares or triangles of firmly set polenta, to soak up the juices of the meat.the dish can be served on a skewer which hangs from a hook on a stand for presentation.

Drink

Espresso

Espresso ( (listen), italian: [eˈsprɛsso]) is a coffee-brewing method of italian origin, in which a small amount of nearly boiling water (about 90 °c or 190 °f) is forced under 9–10 bars (900–1,000 kpa; 130–150 psi) of pressure through finely-ground coffee beans. espresso coffee can be made with a wide variety of coffee beans and roast degrees. espresso is the most common way of making coffee in southern europe, especially in italy, france, spain and portugal. it is also popular in switzerland, croatia, bulgaria, greece, and in australia. espresso is generally thicker than coffee brewed by other methods, with a viscosity similar to that of warm honey. this is due to the higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids, and the crema on top (a foam with a creamy consistency). as a result of the pressurized brewing process, the flavors and chemicals in a typical cup of espresso are very concentrated. espresso has more caffeine per unit volume than most coffee beverages, but because the usual serving size is much smaller, the total caffeine content is less than a mug of standard brewed coffee. the actual caffeine content of any coffee drink varies by size, bean origin, roast method and other factors, but a typical 28 grams (1 ounce) serving of espresso usually contains 64.5 milligrams of caffeine, whereas a typical serving of drip coffee usually contains 150 to 200 mg.the three dispersed phases in espresso are what make this beverage unique. the first dispersed phase is an emulsion of oil droplets. the second phase is suspended solids, while the third is the layer of gas bubbles or foam. the dispersion of very small oil droplets is perceived in the mouth as creamy. this characteristic of espresso contributes to what is known as the body of the beverage. these oil droplets preserve some of the aromatic compounds that are lost to the air in other coffee forms. this preserves the strong coffee flavor present in the espresso.espresso is the base for various coffee drinks, including caffè latte, cappuccino, caffè macchiato, caffè mocha, flat white, and caffè americano.

Main

Fish

Many species of fish are caught by humans and consumed as food in virtually all regions around the world. fish has been an important dietary source of protein and other nutrients throughout human history. the english language does not have a special culinary name for food prepared from fish like with other animals (as with pig vs. pork), or as in other languages (such as spanish pescado vs. pez). in culinary and fishery contexts, fish may include so-called shellfish such as molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms; more expansively, seafood covers both fish and other marine life used as food.since 1961, the average annual increase in global apparent food fish consumption (3.2 percent) has outpaced population growth (1.6 percent) and exceeded consumption of meat from all terrestrial animals, combined (2.8 percent) and individually (bovine, ovine, porcine, etc.), except poultry (4.9 percent). in per capita terms, food fish consumption has grown from 9.0 kg (19.8 lb) in 1961 to 20.2 kg (45 lb) in 2015, at an average rate of about 1.5 percent per year. the expansion in consumption has been driven not only by increased production, but also by a combination of many other factors, including reduced wastage, better utilization, improved distribution channels and growing consumer demand, linked with population growth, rising disposable incomes and urbanization.europe, japan and the united states of america together accounted for 47 percent of the world's total food fish consumption in 1961, but only about 20 percent in 2015. of the global total of 149 million tonnes in 2015, asia consumed more than two-thirds (106 million tonnes at 24.0 kg per capita). oceania and africa consumed the lowest share. the shift is the result of structural changes in the sector and in particular the growing role of asian countries in fish production, as well as a significant gap between the economic growth rates of the world's more mature fish markets and those of many increasingly important emerging markets around the world, particularly in asia.

Dessert, Sweet

Flan

Custard dessert topped with a layer of caramel sauce, variations include coconut, chestnut, chocolate

Dessert, Sweet

Flan de coco

Flan custard with coconut

Dessert, Sweet

Flan de queso

Cheese flan, cream cheese flan

Drink

Flor de Caña

Rum is a liquor made by fermenting and then distilling sugarcane molasses or sugarcane juice. the distillate, a clear liquid, is usually aged in oak barrels. rum is produced in nearly every sugar-producing region of the world, such as the philippines, where tanduay is the largest producer of rum globally.rums are produced in various grades. light rums are commonly used in cocktails, whereas "golden" and "dark" rums were typically consumed straight or neat, iced ("on the rocks"), or used for cooking, but are now commonly consumed with mixers. premium rums are made to be consumed either straight or iced. rum plays a part in the culture of most islands of the west indies as well as the maritime provinces and newfoundland, in canada. the beverage has famous associations with the royal navy (where it was mixed with water or beer to make grog) and piracy (where it was consumed as bumbo). rum has also served as a popular medium of economic exchange, used to help fund enterprises such as slavery (see triangular trade), organized crime, and military insurgencies (e.g., the american revolution and australia's rum rebellion).

Breakfast

Fresh fruit

In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering. fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. edible fruits in particular have long propagated using the movements of humans and animals in a symbiotic relationship that is the means for seed dispersal for the one group and nutrition for the other; in fact, humans and many animals have become dependent on fruits as a source of food. consequently, fruits account for a substantial fraction of the world's agricultural output, and some (such as the apple and the pomegranate) have acquired extensive cultural and symbolic meanings. in common language usage, "fruit" normally means the seed-associated fleshy structures (or produce) of plants that typically are sweet or sour and edible in the raw state, such as apples, bananas, grapes, lemons, oranges, and strawberries. in botanical usage, the term "fruit" also includes many structures that are not commonly called "fruits" in everyday language, such as nuts, bean pods, corn kernels, tomatoes, and wheat grains.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Frijoles

A bean is the seed of one of several genera of the flowering plant family fabaceae, which are used as vegetables for human or animal food. they can be cooked in many different ways, including boiling, frying, and baking, and are used in many traditional dishes throughout the world.

Breakfast

Frijoles refritos

Refried beans (from spanish: frijoles refritos, lit. 'well-fried beans') is a dish of cooked and mashed beans that is a traditional staple of mexican and tex-mex cuisine, although each cuisine has a different approach when making the dish. refried beans are also popular in many other latin american countries. in this dish, after being boiled and then mashed into a paste, the beans are fried or baked, though as they are fried only once, the term "refried" is misleading. as described by rick bayless, "they're refritos—not fried again, as you might assume, but 'well fried' or 'intensely fried.'"

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fruit

Apple, avocado, banana, coconut, papaya, passionfruit, pineapple, plum, sapote

Drink

Gifiti

Gifiti (also guifiti, giffidy, geffidee) is a rum-based bitters, made by soaking roots and herbs in rum. it is traditionally made by the garifuna people of the caribbean coast. gifiti is traditionally used medicinally, with different compositions for men and women, but is also consumed recreationally, most commonly as shots. color depends on composition; it is often green or brown.

Drink

Granizado

Fruit juice or syrup with shaved or crushed ice

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Guacamole

Guacamole (spanish: [(ɡ)wakaˈmole] (listen); (informally shortened to guac in the united states since the 1980s) is an avocado-based dip, spread, or salad first developed in mexico. in addition to its use in modern mexican cuisine, it has become part of international and american cuisine as a dip, condiment and salad ingredient.

Drink

Guaro

Guaro is a liquor made in many places in latin america. a clear liquid distilled from sugar cane juices, it has a slightly sweeter taste than comparable liquors. it is traditionally 60 proof or 30% alcohol, although recently 70 proof and 80 proof versions are produced. it is popular in colombia, costa rica, ecuador, el salvador, guatemala, honduras, nicaragua, and panama, although in many places the word "guaro" can refer to almost any liquor. the name "guaro" came from central america. colombians call it aguardiente. sometimes it is referred to as a "soft vodka" because it has a lower alcohol content than vodka.

Main

Hamburguesa

A hamburger (or burger for short) is a food consisting of fillings —usually a patty of ground meat, typically beef—placed inside a sliced bun or bread roll. hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, bacon, or chilis; condiments such as ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, relish, or a "special sauce", often a variation of thousand island dressing; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns. a hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.the term burger can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the united kingdom, where the term patty is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef. since the term hamburger usually implies beef, for clarity burger may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in beef burger, turkey burger, bison burger, portobello burger, or veggie burger. in australia and new zealand, a piece of chicken breast on a bun is known as a chicken burger, which would generally not be considered to be a burger in the united states; where it would generally be called a chicken sandwich, but in australian english and new zealand english a sandwich requires sliced bread (not a bun), so it would not be considered a sandwich.hamburgers are typically sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants. there are many international and regional variations of hamburgers.

Dessert, Sweet

Helado

Ice cream is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert. it may be made from milk or cream and is flavoured with a sweetener, either sugar or an alternative, and a spice, such as cocoa or vanilla, or with fruit such as strawberries or peaches. it can also be made by whisking a flavored cream base and liquid nitrogen together. food coloring is sometimes added, in addition to stabilizers. the mixture is cooled below the freezing point of water and stirred to incorporate air spaces and to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming. the result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (below 2 °c or 35 °f). it becomes more malleable as its temperature increases. the meaning of the name "ice cream" varies from one country to another. ice cream and gelato, based on cream and milk. frozen yogurt, based on yogurt or kefir. frozen custard, with eggs added to cream and sugar. ice milk. sorbet/slushy, ice pop/popsicle/icicle: water base. examples: frozen cola, frozen lemonade, frozen tea. sherbet, like sorbet but with some milk added.in some countries, such as the united states, "ice cream" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream. products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are sometimes labelled "frozen dairy dessert" instead. in other countries, such as italy and argentina, one word is used for all variants. analogues made from dairy alternatives, such as goat's or sheep's milk, or milk substitutes (e.g., soy, cashew, coconut, almond milk or tofu), are available for those who are lactose intolerant, allergic to dairy protein, or vegan. ice cream may be served in dishes, for eating with a spoon, or licked from edible wafer cones. ice cream may be served with other desserts, such as apple pie, or as an ingredient in ice cream floats, sundaes, milkshakes, ice cream cakes and even baked items, such as baked alaska.

Dessert, Sweet

Hojuela

An hojuela, meaning "flake" in spanish, is a traditional spanish and american sweet baked-good. in latin american countries, especially colombia, it is commonly made during holy week and the christmas season. ingredients vary by region, but usually consist of a flour-based batter fried in oil and dusted with sugar.

Drink

Horchata

Horchata (; spanish: [oɾˈtʃata] (listen)), or orxata (valencian: [oɾˈtʃata]), is a name given to various beverages, generally plant-based but sometimes containing animal milk. in spain it is made with soaked, ground, and sweetened tiger nuts. in latin america, and other parts of the americas, the base is jicaro, melon or sesame seeds, or white rice, along with other spices. in west african countries such as nigeria and mali, similar beverages are known as kunnu aya. different varieties can be served hot or cold, and may be used as a flavor in other beverages, such as frappé coffee.