Main

Aeb pla

Fish, curry paste and ginger and wrapped in banana leaves and grilled

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Aioli

Aioli, allioli or aïoli ( or ; provençal occitan: alhòli [aˈʎɔli] or aiòli [aˈjɔli]; catalan: allioli [ˌaʎiˈɔli]; spanish: alioli [ˌaliˈoli]) is a cold sauce consisting of an emulsion of garlic, salt, olive oil, and often egg; it is found in the cuisines of the northwest mediterranean, from andalusia to calabria. the names mean "garlic and oil" in catalan, provençal and italian. it is found in the cuisines of the mediterranean coasts of spain (catalonia, the valencian community, the balearic islands, murcia and eastern andalusia), france (provence), italy (sicily and calabria), and malta. some versions of the sauce are closer to a garlic mayonnaise, incorporating egg yolks and lemon juice, whereas other versions are without egg yolk and have more garlic. this gives the sauce a pastier texture, while making it more laborious to make as the emulsion is harder to stabilize. there are many variations, such as adding lemon juice or other seasonings. in france, it may include mustard.like mayonnaise, aioli is an emulsion or suspension of small globules of oil and oil-soluble compounds in water and water-soluble compounds. in spain, purists believe aioli should not include egg, but in france and elsewhere, egg or egg yolk is the usual emulsifier. since about 1990, it has become common in the united states to call all flavored mayonnaises aioli. purists insist that flavored mayonnaise can contain garlic, but true aioli contains garlic and no other seasoning (except salt).

Main

Amok trey

Fish amok or amok trei (khmer: អាម៉ុកត្រី [ʔaːmok trəj]) is a khmer steamed fish curry (amok) with a mousse-like consistency, one of cambodia's national dishes. fish amok is believed to have been a royal khmer dish dating back to the khmer empire, although others question it originating in cambodia.

Drink

Arabica coffee

Coffea arabica (), also known as the arabic coffee, is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family rubiaceae. it is believed to be the first species of coffee to have been cultivated, and is currently the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. coffee produced from the (less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated) robusta bean (c. canephora) makes up most of the remaining coffee production. arabica coffee originates from ethiopia and was first cultivated in yemen, and documented by the 12th century. coffea arabica is called ‏بُنّ‎ (būnn) in arabic, borrowed from the oromo "buna".

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Atchara

Atchara (also spelled achara or atsara) is a pickle made from grated unripe papaya originating from the philippines. this dish is often served as a side dish for fried or grilled foods such as pork barbecue.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Au jus

Au jus (french: [o ʒy]) is a french culinary term meaning "with juice". it refers to meat dishes prepared or served together with a light broth or gravy, made from the fluids secreted by the meat as it is cooked. in french cuisine, cooking au jus is a natural way to enhance the flavour of dishes, mainly chicken, veal, and lamb. in american cuisine, the term is mostly used to refer to a light sauce for beef recipes, which may be served with the food or placed on the side for dipping.

Drink

B-52

The b-52 (also b52 or bifi or bifty) cocktail is a layered shot composed of a coffee liqueur (kahlúa), an irish cream (baileys irish cream), and a grand marnier (in later versions replaced with triple sec or cointreau). when prepared properly, the ingredients separate into three distinctly visible layers (due to their relative densities).

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Ba be kiew

Skewered and grilled meat, vegetables

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bacon

Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork made from various cuts, typically the belly or less fatty parts of the back. it is eaten as a side dish (particularly in breakfasts), used as a central ingredient (e.g., the bacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich (blt)), or as a flavouring or accent (as in bacon bits in a salad). bacon is also used for barding and larding roasts, especially game, including venison and pheasant, and may also be used to insulate or flavour roast joints by being layered onto the meat. the word is derived from the proto-germanic *bakkon, meaning "back meat". meat from other animals, such as beef, lamb, chicken, goat, or turkey, may also be cut, cured, or otherwise prepared to resemble bacon, and may even be referred to as, for example, "turkey bacon". such use is common in areas with significant jewish and muslim populations as both religions prohibit the consumption of pork. vegetarian bacons such as "soy bacon" also exist.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bagoong

Bagoóng (tagalog pronunciation: [bɐɡuˈoŋ]; buh-goo-ong) is a philippine condiment partially or completely made of either fermented fish (bagoóng) or krill or shrimp paste (alamáng) with salt. the fermentation process also produces fish sauce known as patís.the preparation of bagoóng can vary regionally in the philippines.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Baguette

A baguette (; french: [baɡɛt] (listen)) is a long, thin type of bread of french origin that is commonly made from basic lean dough (the dough, though not the shape, is defined by french law). it is distinguishable by its length and crisp crust. a baguette has a diameter of about 5 to 6 centimetres (2–2+1⁄2 inches) and a usual length of about 65 cm (26 in), although a baguette can be up to 1 m (39 in) long. in november 2018, documentation surrounding the "craftsmanship and culture" on making this bread was added to the french ministry of culture's national inventory of intangible cultural heritage. in may 2021, france submitted the baguette for unesco heritage status.

Main

Bai lieng pad kai

Stir fried malindjo leaves

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Balut

Balut ( bə-loot, bah-loot; also spelled as balot) is a fertilized developing egg embryo that is boiled and eaten from the shell. it is commonly sold as street food in south china and southeast asian countries, notably the philippines, cambodia (khmer: ពងទាកូន, paung tea kaun) and vietnam (vietnamese: trứng vịt lộn). the term comes from the filipino language. the length of incubation before the egg is cooked is a matter of local preference, but generally ranges between 14 and 21 days.

Main

Ba mee bpet toon

Duck and egg noodle soup

Main

Bami mu daeng

Red pork noodles, egg noodle soup with red roast pork

Main

Banana blossom salad

Banana flower salad

Dessert, Sweet

Banana roti

Flatbread made with bananas

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bearnaise Sauce

Béarnaise sauce (; french: [be.aʁ.nɛz]) is a sauce made of clarified butter emulsified in egg yolks and white wine vinegar and flavored with herbs. it is basically the "child" of the hollandaise sauce. the difference is only in the flavoring: béarnaise uses shallot, chervil, peppercorns, and tarragon in a reduction of vinegar and wine, while hollandaise is made of a reduction of lemon juice or white wine vinegar, with white peppercorns and a pinch of cayenne instead of the above seasonings. the sauce's name is related to the province of béarn, france. it is light yellow and opaque, smooth and creamy, and a traditional sauce for steak.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bechamel

Bechamel sauce ( french: [beʃamɛl]) is a sauce traditionally made from a white roux (butter and flour in a 1:1 mixture) and milk. bechamel may also be referred to as besciamella (italy), besamel (greece), or white sauce (u.s.). french, italian and greek bechamel sauce recipes include salt and nutmeg as a seasoning base.bechamel sauce is one of the "mother sauces" of french cuisine.

Main

Beef stew

A stew is a combination of solid food ingredients that have been cooked in liquid and served in the resultant gravy. ingredients in a stew can include any combination of vegetables and may include meat, especially tougher meats suitable for slow-cooking, such as beef, pork, lamb, poultry, sausages, and seafood. while water can be used as the stew-cooking liquid, stock is also common. a small amount of red wine is sometimes added for flavour. seasoning and flavourings may also be added. stews are typically cooked at a relatively low temperature (simmered, not boiled), allowing flavours to mingle. stewing is suitable for the least tender cuts of meat that become tender and juicy with the slow moist heat method. this makes it popular in low-cost cooking. cuts having a certain amount of marbling and gelatinous connective tissue give moist, juicy stews, while lean meat may easily become dry. stews are thickened by reduction or with flour, either by coating pieces of meat with flour before searing, or by using a roux or beurre manié, a dough consisting of equal parts of fat and flour. thickeners like cornstarch, potato starch, or arrowroot may also be used. stews are similar to soups, and in some cases there may not be a clear distinction between the two. generally, stews have less liquid than soups, are much thicker and require longer cooking over low heat. while soups are almost always served in a bowl, stews may be thick enough to be served on a plate with the gravy as a sauce over the solid ingredients.

Main

Bird's nest soup

Edible bird's nests are bird nests created by edible-nest swiftlets, indian swiftlets, and other swiftlets using solidified saliva, which are harvested for human consumption. they are particularly prized in chinese culture due to their rarity, high protein content and rich flavor. edible bird's nests are among the most expensive animal products consumed by humans, with nests being sold at prices up to about $3,000 per pound ($6,600/kg), depending on grading. the type or grading of a bird's nest depends on the type of bird as well as the shape and color of the bird's nest. it is usually white in color, but there also exists a red version that is sometimes called "blood" nest. according to traditional chinese medicine, it promotes good health, especially for the skin. the nests have been used in chinese cuisine for over 400 years, most often as bird's nest soup.

Main

Biryani

Biryani (/bɜːrˈjɑːni/) is a mixed rice dish originating among the royal khansamas of the durbar of old delhi, under the mughal empire, during the late 16th century of the then mughal court. it is made with indian spices, rice, and usually some type of meat (chicken, beef, goat, lamb, prawn, fish) or in some cases without any meat, and sometimes, in addition, eggs and potatoes.biryani is one of the most popular dishes in south asia, as well as among the diaspora from the region. similar dishes are also prepared in other parts of the world such as in iraq, thailand, singapore and malaysia. biryani is the single most-ordered dish on indian online food ordering and delivery services.

Main

Bisque

Bisque is a smooth, creamy, highly seasoned soup of french origin, classically based on a strained broth (coulis) of crustaceans. it can be made from lobster, langoustine, crab, shrimp, or crayfish. alongside chowder, bisque is one of the most popular seafood soups.

Main

Bitter melon and scrambled eggs

Bitter gourd and scrambled eggs, may also include pork belly, sausage, tofu

Drink

Black coffee

Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain flowering plants in the coffea genus. from the coffee fruit, the seeds are separated to produce a stable, raw product: unroasted green coffee. the seeds are then roasted, a process which transforms them into a consumable product: roasted coffee, which is ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. it is one of the most popular drinks in the world and can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, french press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). it is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. sugar, sugar substitutes, milk or cream are often used to lessen the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. it may be served with coffee cake or another sweet dessert, like doughnuts. a commercial establishment that sells prepared coffee beverages is known as a coffeehouse or coffee shop (not to be confused with dutch coffeeshops selling cannabis). clinical research indicates that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial as a stimulant in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption has positive or negative effects.though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the red sea. the earliest credible evidence of the drinking of coffee in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day yemen from the mid-15th century in sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. the yemenis procured the coffee beans from the ethiopian highlands via coastal somali intermediaries and began cultivation. by the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the middle east and north africa, later spreading to europe. in the 20th century, coffee became a much more global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. the two most commonly grown coffee bean types are c. arabica and c. robusta. coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the americas, southeast asia, the indian subcontinent, and africa. as of 2018, brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world total. coffee is a major export commodity as the leading legal agricultural export for numerous countries. it is one of the most valuable commodities exported by developing countries. green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and one of the most traded commodities overall, second only to petroleum. despite the sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars, those actually producing the beans are disproportionately living in poverty. critics also point to the coffee industry's negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. the environmental costs and wage disparity of farmers are causing the market for fair trade and organic coffee to expand.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bolognese Sauce

Bolognese sauce (uk: , us: ; known in italian as ragù alla bolognese, pronounced [raˈɡu alla boloɲˈɲeːse, -eːze], ragù bolognese, or simply ragù) is a meat-based sauce in italian cuisine, typical of the city of bologna. it is customarily used to dress tagliatelle al ragù and to prepare lasagne alla bolognese. genuine ragù alla bolognese is a slowly cooked meat-based sauce, and its preparation involves several techniques, including sweating, sautéing and braising. ingredients include a characteristic soffritto of onion, celery and carrot, different types of minced or finely chopped beef, often alongside small amounts of fatty pork. white wine, milk, and a small amount of tomato paste or tomatoes are added, and the dish is then gently simmered at length to produce a thick sauce. outside italy, the phrase "bolognese sauce" is often used to refer to a tomato-based sauce to which minced meat has been added; such sauces typically bear little resemblance to the italian ragù alla bolognese, being more similar in fact to the ragù alla napoletana from the tomato-rich south of the country. although in italy ragù alla bolognese is not used with spaghetti (but rather with flat pasta, like tagliatelle), so-called "spaghetti bolognese" has become a popular dish in many other parts of the world.

Main

Bouillabaisse

Bouillabaisse (french: [bu.ja.bɛs]; occitan: bolhabaissa, bullabessa [ˌbuʎaˈβajsɔ / ˌbujaˈbajsɔ]) is a traditional provençal fish stew originating in the port city of marseille. the french and english form bouillabaisse comes from the provençal occitan word bolhabaissa, a compound that consists of the two verbs bolhir (to boil) and abaissar (to reduce heat, i.e., simmer). bouillabaisse was originally a stew made by marseille fishermen, using the bony rockfish which they were unable to sell to restaurants or markets. there are at least three kinds of fish in a traditional bouillabaisse, typically red rascasse (scorpaena scrofa); sea robin; and european conger. it can also include gilt-head bream, turbot, monkfish, mullet, or european hake. it usually also includes shellfish and other seafood such as sea urchins, mussels, velvet crabs, spider crab or octopus. more expensive versions may add langoustine or dublin bay prawn (norway lobster), though this was not part of the traditional dish made by marseille fishermen. vegetables such as leeks, onions, tomatoes, celery, and potatoes are simmered together with the broth and served with the fish. the broth is traditionally served with a rouille, a mayonnaise made of olive oil, garlic, saffron, and cayenne pepper on grilled slices of bread. what makes a bouillabaisse different from other fish soups is the selection of provençal herbs and spices in the broth; the use of bony local mediterranean fish; the way the fish are added one at a time, and brought to a boil; and the method of serving. in marseille, the broth is served first in a soup plate with slices of bread and rouille, then the fish is served separately on a large platter (see image at top); or, more simply, as julia child suggests, the fish and broth are brought to the table separately and served together in large soup plates.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Brioche

Brioche (, also uk: , us: , french: [bʁijɔʃ]) is a bread of french origin whose high egg and butter content gives it a rich and tender crumb. chef joël robuchon described it as "light and slightly puffy, more or less fine, according to the proportion of butter and eggs." it has a dark, golden, and flaky crust, frequently accentuated by an egg wash applied after proofing. brioche is considered a viennoiserie because it is made in the same basic way as bread, but has the richer aspect of a pastry because of the extra addition of eggs, butter, liquid (milk, water, cream, and, sometimes, brandy) and occasionally sugar. brioche, along with pain au lait and pain aux raisins—which are commonly eaten at breakfast or as a snack—form a leavened subgroup of viennoiserie. brioche is often cooked with fruit or chocolate chips and served on its own, or as the basis of a dessert with many local variations in added ingredients, fillings or toppings.

Dessert, Sweet

Brownies

A chocolate brownie or simply a brownie is a square or rectangular chocolate baked confection. brownies come in a variety of forms and may be either fudgy or cakey, depending on their density. brownies often, but not always, have a glossy "skin" on their upper crust. they may also include nuts, frosting, cream cheese, chocolate chips, or other ingredients. a variation made with brown sugar and vanilla rather than chocolate in the batter is called a blond brownie or blondie. the brownie was developed in the united states at the end of the 19th century and popularized there during the first half of the 20th century. they are typically eaten by hand, often accompanied by milk, served warm with ice cream (a la mode), topped with whipped cream, or sprinkled with powdered sugar and fudge. in north america, they are common homemade treats and they are also popular in restaurants and coffeehouses.

Dessert, Sweet

Bua loy kai waan

Eggs cooked in sweetened coconut milk

Dessert, Sweet

Bua loy nam king

Rice flour dumplings filled with black sesame seed paste, served in a sweet ginger soup

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Budu

Budu (jawi: بودو; thai: บูดู, rtgs: budu, pronounced [būːdūː]) is an anchovies sauce and one of the best known fermented seafood products in kelantan, terengganu in malaysia, southern thailand and natuna islands in indonesia (where it is called pedek or pedok) and south sumatra, bangka island and western kalimantan of indonesia (where it is called rusip). it is mentioned in a grammar and dictionary of the malay language, with a preliminary dissertation, volume 2, by john crawfurd, published in 1852.

Main

Bu pad pong karee

Crab curry stir fry, may use soft-shell crabs

Drink

Caffè corretto

Caffè corretto (pronounced [kafˈfɛ kkorˈrɛtto]), an italian caffeinated alcoholic drink, consists of a shot of espresso with a small amount of liquor, usually grappa, and sometimes sambuca or brandy. it is also known (outside italy) as an "espresso corretto". it is ordered as "un caffè corretto alla grappa", "… alla sambuca", "… al cognac", or "corretto di spadino", depending on the desired liquor. most italian bartenders prepare a caffè corretto simply adding a few drops of the desired liquor into an espresso shot; however in some cases the liquor is served in a shot alongside the coffee allowing the customer to pour the quantity they desire. a few bartenders also let their regular customers make their drink themselves providing the espresso shot and the bottle of liquor. the italian word corretto corresponds to the english word 'correct' in the sense of 'corrected'. the term is now an italian phraseme.caffè corretto can also be found widely in eritrea, a legacy of the italian colonization of eritrea. asmarino bartenders pour locally produced areki and cognac. in spain, a similar drink is known as carajillo; in portugal it is known as café com cheirinho (coffee with scent); in france pousse-café or café-calva (coffee and calvados); and in sweden, norway, and denmark as kaffekask, karsk, or kaffegök.

Drink

Caffè macchiato

Caffè macchiato (italian pronunciation: [kafˈfɛ mmakˈkjaːto] (listen)), sometimes called espresso macchiato, is an espresso coffee drink with a small amount of milk, usually foamed. in italian, macchiato means "stained" or "spotted", so the literal translation of caffè macchiato is "stained coffee" or "marked coffee".

Drink

Caffè mocha

A caffè mocha ( or ), also called mocaccino (italian: [mokatˈtʃiːno]), is a chocolate-flavoured warm beverage that is a variant of a café latte (italian: [kafˈfɛ lˈlatte]), commonly served in a glass rather than a mug. other commonly used spellings are mochaccino and also mochachino. the name is derived from the city of mocha, yemen, which was one of the centres of early coffee trade. like latte, the name is commonly shortened to just mocha.

Dessert, Sweet

Cake gluay hom

Small banana cake, similar to a banana muffin

Drink

Cappuccino

A cappuccino ( (listen); italian pronunciation: [kapputˈtʃiːno]; italian plural: cappuccini) is an espresso-based coffee drink that originated in austria with later development taking place in italy, and is prepared with steamed milk foam (microfoam).variations of the drink involve the use of cream instead of milk, using non-dairy milk substitutes and flavoring with cinnamon or chocolate powder. it is typically smaller in volume than a caffè latte, with a thicker layer of microfoam.the name comes from the capuchin friars, referring to the colour of their habits, and in this context referring to the colour of the beverage when milk is added in small portion to dark, brewed coffee (today mostly espresso). the physical appearance of a modern cappuccino with espresso créma and steamed milk is a result of a long evolution of the drink. the viennese bestowed the name "kapuziner", possibly in the 18th century, on a version that included whipped cream and spices of unknown origin. the italian cappuccino was unknown outside italy until the 1930s, and seems to be born out of viennese-style cafés in trieste and other italian areas in austria-hungary through the kapuziner coffee in the early 20th century. the drink spread from trieste, the main coffee port in central europe, throughout italy, especially after world war i and later worldwide, and can be found at a number of establishments.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Carbonara sauce

A hollandaise-style sauce made with eggs, hard cheese such as pecorino romano, pancetta or guanciale, pepper, commonly served with pasta

Dessert, Sweet

Carrot cake

Carrot cake (also known as passion cake) is cake that contains carrots mixed into the batter. most modern carrot cake recipes have a white cream cheese frosting. sometimes nuts such as walnuts or pecans are added into the cake batter, as well as spices such as cinnamon, ginger and ground mixed spice. fruit including pineapple, raisins and shredded coconut can also be used to add a natural sweetness.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Caviar

Caviar (also known as caviare; from persian: خاویار, romanized: khâvyâr, lit. 'egg-bearing') is a food consisting of salt-cured roe of the family acipenseridae. caviar is considered a delicacy and is eaten as a garnish or a spread. traditionally, the term caviar refers only to roe from wild sturgeon in the caspian sea and black sea (beluga, ossetra and sevruga caviars). the term caviar can also describe the roe of other species of sturgeon or other fish such as salmon, steelhead, trout, lumpfish, whitefish, or carp.the roe can be "fresh" (non-pasteurized) or pasteurized, with pasteurization reducing its culinary and economic value.

Dessert, Sweet

Cendol

Cendol is an iced sweet dessert that contains droplets of green rice flour jelly, coconut milk and palm sugar syrup. it is commonly found in southeast asia and is popular in malaysia, indonesia, brunei, cambodia, east timor, laos, vietnam, thailand, singapore, and myanmar. next to the green jelly, additional toppings might be added, including diced jackfruit, sweetened red azuki beans, or durian.

Drink

Cha dem yen

Black iced tea with sugar

Drink

Cha manao

Black tea with sugar and lime

Drink

Chang beer

Thai beverage, better known as thaibev (thai: ไทยเบฟ) (sgx: y92), is thailand's largest and one of southeast asia's largest beverage companies, with distilleries in thailand, uk, and china. it is owned by thai chinese billionaire business magnate charoen sirivadhanabhakdi. listed on the singapore stock exchange, thai beverage plc has a market capitalization in excess of us$13 billion. in january 2013, the firm announced it had succeeded in a us$11.2 billion deal to take over the conglomerate fraser and neave, adding to the group's portfolio of assets.

Dessert, Sweet

Chao guay

Grass jelly, used in many desserts, drinks

Drink

Cha rxn

Hot black tea with sugar and condensed milk

Drink

Cha yen

Iced black tea with sugar, condensed milk, may contain spices

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Cheese sauce

Bechamel sauce ( french: [beʃamɛl]) is a sauce traditionally made from a white roux (butter and flour in a 1:1 mixture) and milk. bechamel may also be referred to as besciamella (italy), besamel (greece), or white sauce (u.s.). french, italian and greek bechamel sauce recipes include salt and nutmeg as a seasoning base.bechamel sauce is one of the "mother sauces" of french cuisine.

Main

Chicken curry

Chicken curry or curry chicken is a dish originating from the indian subcontinent. it is common in the indian subcontinent, southeast asia, great britain, and the caribbean. a typical curry from the indian subcontinent consists of chicken stewed in an onion- and tomato-based sauce, flavoured with ginger, garlic, tomato puree, chilli peppers and a variety of spices, often including turmeric, cumin, coriander, cinnamon, and cardamom. outside of south asia, chicken curry is often made with a pre-made spice mixture known as curry powder.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Chili oil

Chili oil is a condiment made from vegetable oil that has been infused with chili peppers. different types of oil and hot peppers are used, and other components may also be included. it is commonly used in chinese cuisine, southeast asian cuisine, and elsewhere. it is particularly popular in western chinese cuisines such as sichuan cuisine, hunan cuisine, guizhou cuisine, and shaanxi cuisine where it is used as an ingredient in cooked dishes as well as a condiment. it is sometimes used as a dip for meat and dim sum. it is also employed in the korean chinese noodle soup dish jjamppong.chili oil is typically red in color. it is made from vegetable oil, often soybean oil or sesame oil, although olive oil or other oils may be used. other spices may be included such as sichuan pepper, garlic, or paprika. commercial preparations may include other kinds of oil, water, dried garlic, soy sauce, and sugar. recipes targeted to western cooks also suggest other popular oils such as rapeseed, grapeseed or peanut, and any dried or fresh chili peppers. the solids typically settle to the bottom of the container in which it is stored. when using chili oil, the cook or diner may choose how much of the solids to use; sometimes only the oil is used, without any solids. chili oil is easy to prepare, and is also commercially available in glass jars or bottles.

Main

Chim chum

Chim chum (thai: จิ้มจุ่ม, pronounced [t͡ɕîm t͡ɕùm]) is a southeast asian street food, popular espically in thailand. it is traditionally made with chicken or pork and fresh herbs such as galangal, sweet basil, lemongrass and kaffir lime leaves, cooked in a small clay pot on a charcoal stove. it is often served with nam chim. the name is derived from the words for dipping and dropping, the customary way of eating the dish.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Chingrit thot

Deep-fried crickets

Dessert, Sweet

Chocolate

Chocolate is a food product made from roasted and ground cacao seed kernels, that is available as a liquid, solid or paste, on its own or as a flavoring agent in other foods. cacao has been consumed in some form since at least the olmec civilization (19th-11th century bce), and the majority of mesoamerican people ─ including the maya and aztecs ─ made chocolate beverages.the seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor. after fermentation, the seeds are dried, cleaned, and roasted. the shell is removed to produce cocoa nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form. once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor. the liquor may also be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter. baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugar. powdered baking cocoa, which contains more fiber than cocoa butter, can be processed with alkali to produce dutch cocoa. much of the chocolate consumed today is in the form of sweet chocolate, a combination of cocoa solids, cocoa butter or added vegetable oils, and sugar. milk chocolate is sweet chocolate that additionally contains milk powder or condensed milk. white chocolate contains cocoa butter, sugar, and milk, but no cocoa solids. chocolate is one of the most popular food types and flavors in the world, and many foodstuffs involving chocolate exist, particularly desserts, including cakes, pudding, mousse, chocolate brownies, and chocolate chip cookies. many candies are filled with or coated with sweetened chocolate. chocolate bars, either made of solid chocolate or other ingredients coated in chocolate, are eaten as snacks. gifts of chocolate molded into different shapes (such as eggs, hearts, coins) are traditional on certain western holidays, including christmas, easter, valentine's day, and hanukkah. chocolate is also used in cold and hot beverages, such as chocolate milk and hot chocolate, and in some alcoholic drinks, such as creme de cacao. although cocoa originated in the americas, west african countries, particularly côte d'ivoire and ghana, are the leading producers of cocoa in the 21st century, accounting for some 60% of the world cocoa supply. with some two million children involved in the farming of cocoa in west africa, child slavery and trafficking associated with the cocoa trade remain major concerns. a 2018 report argued that international attempts to improve conditions for children were doomed to failure because of persistent poverty, absence of schools, increasing world cocoa demand, more intensive farming of cocoa, and continued exploitation of child labor.

Main

Choo chee pla thu

Curried mackerel

Drink

Chrysanthemum tea

Chrysanthemum tea is a flower-based infusion beverage made from the chrysanthemum flowers of the species chrysanthemum morifolium or chrysanthemum indicum, which are most popular throughout east and southeast asia. first cultivated in china as a herb as early as the 1500 bce, chrysanthemum became popularized as a tea during the song dynasty. in chinese tradition, once a pot of chrysanthemum tea has been drunk, hot water is typically added again to the flowers in the pot (producing a tea that is slightly less strong); this process is often repeated several times.to prepare the tea, chrysanthemum flowers (usually dried) are steeped in hot water (usually 90 to 95 degrees celsius after cooling from a boil) in either a teapot, cup, or glass; often rock sugar or cane sugar is also added. the resulting drink is transparent and ranges from pale to bright yellow in color, with a floral aroma.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Ciabatta

Ciabatta (, italian: [tʃaˈbatta]; literally "slipper") is an italian white bread made from wheat flour, water, salt, yeast and olive oil, created in 1982 by a baker in adria, province of rovigo, veneto, italy, in response to the popularity of french baguettes. ciabatta is somewhat elongated, broad, and flat, and is baked in many variations, although unique for its alveolar holes. ciabatta is made with a strong flour and uses a much wetter dough than traditional french bread.while panino indicates any kind of sandwich regardless of the bread used (whether slices or a bun), a toasted sandwich made from small loaves of ciabatta are known as panini (plural of panino) outside italy.

Drink

Coconut milk

Coconut milk is an opaque, milky-white liquid extracted from the grated pulp of mature coconuts. the opacity and rich taste of coconut milk are due to its high oil content, most of which is saturated fat. coconut milk is a traditional food ingredient used in southeast asia, oceania, south asia, and east africa. it is also used for cooking in the caribbean, tropical latin america, and west africa, where coconuts were introduced during the colonial era. coconut milk is differentiated into subtypes based on fat content. they can be generalized into coconut cream (or thick coconut milk) with the highest amount of fat; coconut milk (or thin coconut milk) with a maximum of around 20% fat; and coconut skim milk with negligible amounts of fat. this terminology is not always followed in commercial coconut milk sold in western countries.coconut milk can also be used to produce milk substitutes (differentiated as "coconut milk beverages"). these products are not the same as regular coconut milk products which are meant for cooking, not drinking. a sweetened, processed, coconut milk product from puerto rico is also known as cream of coconut. it is used in many desserts and beverages like the piña colada, though it should not be confused with coconut cream.

Breakfast

Coffee

Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain flowering plants in the coffea genus. from the coffee fruit, the seeds are separated to produce a stable, raw product: unroasted green coffee. the seeds are then roasted, a process which transforms them into a consumable product: roasted coffee, which is ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. it is one of the most popular drinks in the world and can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, french press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). it is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. sugar, sugar substitutes, milk or cream are often used to lessen the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. it may be served with coffee cake or another sweet dessert, like doughnuts. a commercial establishment that sells prepared coffee beverages is known as a coffeehouse or coffee shop (not to be confused with dutch coffeeshops selling cannabis). clinical research indicates that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial as a stimulant in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption has positive or negative effects.though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the red sea. the earliest credible evidence of the drinking of coffee in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day yemen from the mid-15th century in sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. the yemenis procured the coffee beans from the ethiopian highlands via coastal somali intermediaries and began cultivation. by the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the middle east and north africa, later spreading to europe. in the 20th century, coffee became a much more global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. the two most commonly grown coffee bean types are c. arabica and c. robusta. coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the americas, southeast asia, the indian subcontinent, and africa. as of 2018, brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world total. coffee is a major export commodity as the leading legal agricultural export for numerous countries. it is one of the most valuable commodities exported by developing countries. green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and one of the most traded commodities overall, second only to petroleum. despite the sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars, those actually producing the beans are disproportionately living in poverty. critics also point to the coffee industry's negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. the environmental costs and wage disparity of farmers are causing the market for fair trade and organic coffee to expand.

Drink

Cognac

Cognac ( kon-yak, also us: kohn-, kawn-, french: [kɔɲak] (listen)) is a variety of brandy named after the commune of cognac, france. it is produced in the surrounding wine-growing region in the departments of charente and charente-maritime. cognac production falls under french appellation d'origine contrôlée (aoc) designation, with production methods and naming required to meet certain legal requirements. among the specified grapes, ugni blanc, known locally as saint-émilion, is most widely used. the brandy must be twice distilled in copper pot stills and aged at least two years in french oak barrels from limousin or tronçais. cognac matures in the same way as whiskies and wines barrel-age, and most cognacs spend considerably longer "on the wood" than the minimum legal requirement.

Drink

Cold brew coffee

Coffee drinks are made by brewing water with ground coffee beans. the brewing is either done slowly by drip, filter, french press, cafetière or percolator, or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine. when put under the pressure of an espresso machine, the coffee is termed espresso while slow-brewed coffees are generally termed brewed coffee. while all coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, some drinks add milk or cream, some are made with steamed milk or non-dairy milks, or add water (like the americano). upon milk additions, coffee's flavor can vary with different syrups or sweeteners, alcoholic liqueurs, and even combinations of coffee with espresso or tea. there are many variations to the basic coffee or espresso bases. with the invention of the gaggia machine, espresso, and espresso with milk such as cappuccino and latte, spread in popularity from italy to the uk in the 1950s. it then came to america, and with the rise in popularity of the italian coffee culture in the 1980s it began to spread worldwide via coffeehouses and coffeehouse chains.the caffeine content in coffee beans may be reduced via one of several decaffeination processes to produce decaffeinated coffee, also known as decaf, which may be served as regular, espresso or instant coffee.

Main

Congee

Congee or conjee ( kon-jee) is a type of rice porridge or gruel eaten in asian countries. it can be eaten plain, where it is typically served with side dishes, or it can be served with ingredients such as meat, fish, seasonings and flavourings, it is typically served as a meal on its own, especially for people who are ill. names for congee are as varied as the style of its preparation, though one common aspect amongst all of them it is usually a thick porridge of rice largely disintegrated after prolonged cooking in water.

Main

Consommé

In cooking, a consommé is a type of clear soup made from richly flavoured stock or broth that has been clarified, a process that uses egg whites to remove fat and sediment.consommé has three english pronunciations: traditionally in the uk, the stress is on the middle syllable; in modern uk english, the stress is on the first; and in the us the stress is on the last.

Main

Cordon bleu

A cordon bleu or schnitzel cordon bleu is a dish of meat wrapped around cheese (or with cheese filling), then breaded and pan-fried or deep-fried. veal or pork cordon bleu is made of veal or pork pounded thin and wrapped around a slice of ham and a slice of cheese, breaded, and then pan fried or baked. for chicken cordon bleu, chicken breast is used instead of veal. ham cordon bleu is ham stuffed with mushrooms and cheese.

Drink

Cortado

A cortado is a beverage consisting of espresso mixed with a roughly equal amount of warm milk to reduce the acidity. the milk in a cortado is steamed, but not frothy and "texturized" as in many italian coffee drinks. the cortado comes from spain, most likely madrid, where it is commonly served.the word cortado is the past participle of the spanish verb cortar (to cut), in the sense of "dilute", and can refer variously to either coffee or espresso drinks throughout spanish and portuguese speaking countries.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Cottage cheese

Cottage cheese is a curdled milk product with a mild flavor and a creamy, non-homogeneous, soupy texture. it is also known as curds and whey. it is made from cow's milk by draining the cheese, as opposed to pressing it to make cheese curd—retaining some of the whey and keeping the curds loose. an important step in the manufacturing process distinguishing cottage cheese from other fresh cheeses is the adding of a "dressing" to the curd grains, usually cream, which is largely responsible for the taste of the product. cottage cheese is not aged. cottage cheese can be low in calories compared to other types of cheese, making it popular among dieters and some health devotees, similar to yogurt. it can be used with a wide variety of foods such as yogurt, fruit, toast, granola, in salads, as a dip, and as a replacement for mayonnaise.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Coulis

Sweet or savory sauce made with puréed and strained fruits or vegetables, used with meats, soup, vegetable dishes, desserts

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Cream sauce

Bechamel sauce ( french: [beʃamɛl]) is a sauce traditionally made from a white roux (butter and flour in a 1:1 mixture) and milk. bechamel may also be referred to as besciamella (italy), besamel (greece), or white sauce (u.s.). french, italian and greek bechamel sauce recipes include salt and nutmeg as a seasoning base.bechamel sauce is one of the "mother sauces" of french cuisine.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Croissant

A croissant (uk: , us: , french: [kʁwasɑ̃] (listen)) is a buttery, flaky, french viennoiserie pastry inspired by the shape of the austrian kipferl but using the french yeast-leavened laminated dough. croissants are named for their historical crescent shape, the dough is layered with butter, rolled and folded several times in succession, then rolled into a thin sheet, in a technique called laminating. the process results in a layered, flaky texture, similar to a puff pastry. crescent-shaped breads have been made since the renaissance, and crescent-shaped cakes possibly since antiquity but using brioche dough. kipferls have long been a staple of austrian, and french bakeries and pâtisseries. the modern croissant was developed in the early 20th century when french bakers replaced the brioche dough of the kipferl with a yeast-leavened laminated dough. in the late 1970s, the development of factory-made, frozen, preformed but unbaked dough made them into a fast food that could be freshly baked by unskilled labor. the croissant bakery, notably the la croissanterie chain, was a french response to american-style fast food, and as of 2008, 30–40% of the croissants sold in french bakeries and patisseries were baked from frozen dough.croissants are a common part of a continental breakfast in many european countries.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Croutons

A crouton is a piece of rebaked bread, often cubed and seasoned. croutons are used to add texture and flavor to salads—notably the caesar salad—as an accompaniment to soups and stews, or eaten as a snack food.

Breakfast

Crumpet

A crumpet ( (listen)) is a small griddle bread made from an unsweetened batter of water or milk, flour, and yeast, eaten in the united kingdom, canada, new zealand, south africa and australia. crumpets are regionally known as pikelets, a name also applied to a thinner, more pancake-like griddle bread: a type of the latter is referred to as a crumpet in scotland.

Breakfast

Curry

A curry is a dish with a sauce seasoned with spices, mainly associated with south asian cuisine. in southern india, leaves from the curry tree may be included.there are many varieties of curry. in traditional cuisines, the selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and preference of the chef. such dishes have names that refer to their ingredients, spicing, and cooking methods. outside the indian subcontinent, a curry is a dish from southeast asia which uses coconut milk or spice pastes, commonly eaten over rice. curries may contain fish, meat, poultry, or shellfish, either alone or in combination with vegetables. others are vegetarian. dry curries are cooked using small amounts of liquid, which is allowed to evaporate, leaving the other ingredients coated with the spice mixture. wet curries contain significant amounts of sauce or gravy based on broth, coconut cream or coconut milk, dairy cream or yogurt, or legume purée, sautéed crushed onion, or tomato purée. curry powder, a commercially prepared mixture of spices marketed in the west, was first exported to britain in the 18th century when indian merchants sold a concoction of spices, similar to garam masala, to the british colonial government and army returning to britain.

Main

Curry

A curry is a dish with a sauce seasoned with spices, mainly associated with south asian cuisine. in southern india, leaves from the curry tree may be included.there are many varieties of curry. in traditional cuisines, the selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and preference of the chef. such dishes have names that refer to their ingredients, spicing, and cooking methods. outside the indian subcontinent, a curry is a dish from southeast asia which uses coconut milk or spice pastes, commonly eaten over rice. curries may contain fish, meat, poultry, or shellfish, either alone or in combination with vegetables. others are vegetarian. dry curries are cooked using small amounts of liquid, which is allowed to evaporate, leaving the other ingredients coated with the spice mixture. wet curries contain significant amounts of sauce or gravy based on broth, coconut cream or coconut milk, dairy cream or yogurt, or legume purée, sautéed crushed onion, or tomato purée. curry powder, a commercially prepared mixture of spices marketed in the west, was first exported to britain in the 18th century when indian merchants sold a concoction of spices, similar to garam masala, to the british colonial government and army returning to britain.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Curry sauce

A curry is a dish with a sauce seasoned with spices, mainly associated with south asian cuisine. in southern india, leaves from the curry tree may be included.there are many varieties of curry. in traditional cuisines, the selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and preference of the chef. such dishes have names that refer to their ingredients, spicing, and cooking methods. outside the indian subcontinent, a curry is a dish from southeast asia which uses coconut milk or spice pastes, commonly eaten over rice. curries may contain fish, meat, poultry, or shellfish, either alone or in combination with vegetables. others are vegetarian. dry curries are cooked using small amounts of liquid, which is allowed to evaporate, leaving the other ingredients coated with the spice mixture. wet curries contain significant amounts of sauce or gravy based on broth, coconut cream or coconut milk, dairy cream or yogurt, or legume purée, sautéed crushed onion, or tomato purée. curry powder, a commercially prepared mixture of spices marketed in the west, was first exported to britain in the 18th century when indian merchants sold a concoction of spices, similar to garam masala, to the british colonial government and army returning to britain.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dal

In indian cuisine, dal (also spelled daal or dhal; pronunciation: [d̪aːl]) are dried, split pulses (e.g., lentils, peas, and beans) that do not require soaking before cooking. india is the largest producer of pulses in the world. the term is also used for various soups prepared from these pulses. these pulses are among the most important staple foods in south asian countries, and form an important part of the cuisines of the indian subcontinent.

Dessert, Sweet

Dara thong

Sweet dough confection made with wheat flour, egg yolks, sugar

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dark soy sauce

In chinese cuisine, dark soy sauce (chinese: 老抽; pinyin: lăo chōu) is a dark-coloured soy sauce used mainly for adding colour and flavour to dishes. it is richer, slightly thicker, and less salty than other types of soy sauce. as the chinese name lăo chōu (lit. 'old extract') suggests, it is also aged longer. it is often sweetened by adding molasses or other sweetening agents. dark soy sauce is often used in stews, stir-fries, and sauces. it is used in dishes requiring colours, such as red cooked dishes.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Deep fried flowers

Deep fried edible flowers, for example, orchids, butterfly pea flowers, bougainvillea, roses, ixoras, served with hot chili sauce

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Demi glace

Demi-glace (french pronunciation: ​[dəmi ɡlas], 'half glaze') is a rich brown sauce in french cuisine used by itself or as a base for other sauces. the term comes from the french word glace, which, when used in reference to a sauce, means "icing" or "glaze." it is traditionally made by combining one part espagnole sauce and one part brown stock. the sauce is then reduced by half, strained of any leftover impurities, and finished with a sherry wine.common variants of demi-glace use a 1:1 mixture of beef or chicken stock to sauce espagnole; these are referred to as "beef demi-glace" (demi-glace au bœuf) or "chicken demi-glace" (demi-glace au poulet). the term "demi-glace" by itself implies that it is made with the traditional veal stock.

Main

Dim sum

Dim sum (traditional chinese: 點心; simplified chinese: 点心; pinyin: diǎnxīn; cantonese yale: dím sām) is a large range of small chinese dishes that are traditionally enjoyed in restaurants for brunch. most modern dim sum dishes originated in china and are commonly associated with cantonese cuisine, although dim sum dishes also exist in other chinese cuisines. in the tenth century, when the city of guangzhou (canton) began to experience an increase in commercial travel, many frequented teahouses for small-portion meals with tea called yum cha, or "drink tea" meals. yum cha includes two related concepts. the first is "yat jung leung gin" (一盅兩件), which translates literally as "one cup, two pieces". this refers to the custom of serving teahouse customers two pieces of delicately made food items, savory or sweet, to complement their tea. the second is dim sum (點心) and translates literally to "touching heart", the term used to designate the small food items that accompanied the tea drinking. teahouse owners gradually added various snacks called "dim sum" to their offerings. the practice of having tea with dim sum eventually evolved into the modern yum cha (brunch). cantonese dim sum culture developed rapidly during the latter half of the nineteenth century in guangzhou. cantonese dim sum was based originally on local foods. as dim sum continued to develop, chefs introduced influences and traditions from other regions of china.there are over one thousand dim sum dishes in existence today. some estimates claim that there are at least two thousand types of dim sum, though only about forty to fifty types are commonly sold outside of china. cantonese dim sum has a very broad range of flavors, textures, cooking styles and ingredients, and can be classified into regular items, seasonal offerings, weekly specials, banquet dishes, holiday dishes, house signature dishes, travel-friendly, as well as breakfast or lunch foods and late night snacks.dim sum restaurants typically have a wide variety of dishes, usually totaling several dozen. the tea is very important, just as important as the food. many cantonese restaurants serve dim sum as early as five in the morning, while more traditional restaurants typically serve dim sum until mid-afternoon. dim sum restaurants have a unique serving method where servers offer dishes to customers from steam-heated carts. it is now commonplace for restaurants to serve dim sum at dinner time and sell various dim sum items a la carte for takeout. in addition to traditional dim sum, some chefs also create and prepare new fusion-based dim sum dishes. there are variations designed for visual appeal on social media, such as dumplings and buns made to resemble animals, that also exist.

Dessert, Sweet

Douhua

Douhua (chinese: 豆花; pinyin: dòuhuā; pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāu-hoe) is a chinese sweet or savoury snack made with very tender tofu. it is also referred to as doufuhua (chinese: 豆腐花; pinyin: dòufuhuā), tofu pudding, soybean pudding or, particularly in northern china, tofu brains (chinese: 豆腐脑; pinyin: dòufunǎo).

Drink

Drip coffee

Brewed coffee is made by pouring hot water onto ground coffee beans, then allowing to brew. there are several methods for doing this, including using a filter, a percolator, and a french press. terms used for the resulting coffee often reflect the method used, such as drip brewed coffee, filtered coffee, pour-over coffee, immersion brewed coffee, or simply coffee. water seeps through the ground coffee, absorbing its constituent chemical compounds, and then passes through a filter. the used coffee grounds are retained in the filter, while the brewed coffee is collected in a vessel such as a carafe or pot.

Main

Drunken noodles

Drunken noodle or drunkard noodles (pad kee mao, less frequently pad ki mao or pad kimao ; thai: ผัดขี้เมา, rtgs: phat khi mao, [pʰàt kʰîː māw]) is a thai stir-fried noodle dish very similar to phat si-io, albeit spicier. in thai, pad means 'to stir-fry' and khi mao means 'drunkard'. the dish is widely available in restaurants or at street vendors in thailand but it is also highly popular in the united states, and has become ubiquitous on thai restaurant menus throughout. despite its name, alcohol is not one of the ingredients.

Main

Duck rice

Duck rice (simplified chinese: 鸭饭; traditional chinese: 鴨飯; pinyin: yā fàn) is a singaporean dish made of either braised or roasted duck and plain white rice. the braised duck is usually cooked with yam and shrimps; it can be served simply with plain white rice and a thick dark sauce; side dishes of braised hard-boiled eggs, preserved salted vegetables, or hard beancurd may be added.in addition, the teochew–based boneless duck rice is a similar, but a more refined dish; due to the slightly tougher texture of duck, the duck is artfully deboned and sliced thinly for the convenience and ease of the diner, allowing the sauces to seep into the meat; singapore's hainanese chicken rice and other similar dishes have followed this style due to the popularity. along with chicken rice, this dish can commonly be found in hawker centres and food centers all over singapore.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Duck sauce

Duck sauce (or orange sauce) is a condiment with a sweet and sour flavor and a translucent orange appearance similar to a thin jelly. offered at american chinese restaurants, it is used as a dip for deep-fried dishes such as wonton strips, spring rolls, egg rolls, duck, chicken, fish, or with rice or noodles. it is often provided in single-serving packets along with soy sauce, mustard, hot sauce or red chili powder. it may be used as a glaze on foods, such as poultry. despite its name, the sauce is not prepared using duck meat; rather it is named as such because it is a common accompaniment to chinese-style duck dishes.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dumpling sauce

Sauce made for dumplings (gyoza, jiazi), many different dipping sauces exist

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Durian

The durian (, ) is the edible fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus durio. there are 30 recognised durio species, at least nine of which produce edible fruit. durio zibethinus, native to borneo and sumatra, is the only species available in the international market. it has over 300 named varieties in thailand and 100 in malaysia, as of 1987. other species are sold in their local regions. durians are commonly associated with southeast asian cuisine, especially in indonesia, malaysia, singapore, thailand, cambodia and vietnam. named in some regions as the "king of fruits", the durian is distinctive for its large size, strong odour, and thorn-covered rind. the fruit can grow as large as 30 centimetres (12 inches) long and 15 cm (6 in) in diameter, and it typically weighs 1 to 3 kilograms (2 to 7 pounds). its shape ranges from oblong to round, the colour of its husk green to brown, and its flesh pale yellow to red, depending on the species. an acquired taste, some people regard the durian as having a pleasantly sweet fragrance, whereas others find the aroma overpowering and unpleasant. the smell evokes reactions from deep appreciation to intense disgust, and has been described variously as rotten onions, turpentine, and raw sewage. the persistence of its odour, which may linger for several days, led certain hotels and public transportation services in southeast asia to ban the fruit. the nineteenth-century british naturalist alfred russel wallace described its flesh as "a rich custard highly flavoured with almonds". the flesh can be consumed at various stages of ripeness, and it is used to flavour a wide variety of savoury and sweet desserts in southeast asian cuisines. the seeds can also be eaten when cooked.

Dessert, Sweet

Durian jam

Jam made from durian fruit

Drink

Eggnog

Eggnog (), historically also known as a milk punch or an egg milk punch when alcoholic beverages are added, is a rich, chilled, sweetened, dairy-based beverage. it is traditionally made with milk, cream, sugar, egg yolks, and whipped egg whites (which gives it a frothy texture, and its name). distilled spirits such as brandy, rum, whisky or bourbon are often a key ingredient. throughout canada, the united states and some european countries, eggnog is traditionally consumed over the christmas season, from late october until the end of the holiday season. a variety called ponche crema has been made and consumed in venezuela and trinidad since the 1900s, also as part of the christmas season. during that time, commercially prepared eggnog is sold in grocery stores in these countries. eggnog is also homemade using milk, eggs, sugar, and flavorings, and served with cinnamon or nutmeg. while eggnog is often served chilled, in some cases it is warmed, particularly on cold days (similar to the way mulled wine is served warm). eggnog or eggnog flavoring may also be used in other drinks, such as coffee (e.g., an "eggnog latte" espresso drink) and tea, or to dessert foods such as egg-custard puddings.

Drink

Espresso

Espresso ( (listen), italian: [eˈsprɛsso]) is a coffee-brewing method of italian origin, in which a small amount of nearly boiling water (about 90 °c or 190 °f) is forced under 9–10 bars (900–1,000 kpa; 130–150 psi) of pressure through finely-ground coffee beans. espresso coffee can be made with a wide variety of coffee beans and roast degrees. espresso is the most common way of making coffee in southern europe, especially in italy, france, spain and portugal. it is also popular in switzerland, croatia, bulgaria, greece, and in australia. espresso is generally thicker than coffee brewed by other methods, with a viscosity similar to that of warm honey. this is due to the higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids, and the crema on top (a foam with a creamy consistency). as a result of the pressurized brewing process, the flavors and chemicals in a typical cup of espresso are very concentrated. espresso has more caffeine per unit volume than most coffee beverages, but because the usual serving size is much smaller, the total caffeine content is less than a mug of standard brewed coffee. the actual caffeine content of any coffee drink varies by size, bean origin, roast method and other factors, but a typical 28 grams (1 ounce) serving of espresso usually contains 64.5 milligrams of caffeine, whereas a typical serving of drip coffee usually contains 150 to 200 mg.the three dispersed phases in espresso are what make this beverage unique. the first dispersed phase is an emulsion of oil droplets. the second phase is suspended solids, while the third is the layer of gas bubbles or foam. the dispersion of very small oil droplets is perceived in the mouth as creamy. this characteristic of espresso contributes to what is known as the body of the beverage. these oil droplets preserve some of the aromatic compounds that are lost to the air in other coffee forms. this preserves the strong coffee flavor present in the espresso.espresso is the base for various coffee drinks, including caffè latte, cappuccino, caffè macchiato, caffè mocha, flat white, and caffè americano.

Drink

Espresso con panna

Espresso con panna, which means "espresso with cream" in italian, is a single or double shot of espresso topped with whipped cream. in france and in the united kingdom it is known as café viennois. in northern continental europe, the term wiener melange refers to a different drink, made with foamed milk and having no whipped cream on top. in vienna, an espresso con panna is properly called a franziskaner, but ordering a wiener melange may sometimes yield the arrival of espresso con panna even in vienna. in france, café viennois refers to both an espresso con panna and a wiener melange. in australia, a similar drink may be called café vienna although espresso con panna will traditionally be in an espresso sized cup, whereas café vienna will be served in the same size as a latte. historically served in a demitasse cup, it is perhaps a more old fashioned drink than a latte or cappuccino, though still very popular, whichever name it receives, at coffeehouses in budapest and vienna.

Dessert, Sweet

Fak tong gang baud

Pumpkin in coconut milk

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fermented bean paste

Fermented bean paste is a category of fermented foods typically made from ground soybeans, which are indigenous to the cuisines of east, south and southeast asia. in some cases, such as the production of miso, other varieties of beans, such as broad beans, may also be used.the pastes are usually salty and savoury, but may also be spicy, and are used as a condiment to flavour foods such as stir-fries, stews, and soups. the colours of such pastes range from light tan to reddish brown and dark brown. the differences in colour are due to different production methods, such as the conditions of fermentation, the addition of wheat flour, pulverized mantou, rice, or sugar and the presence of different microflora, such as bacteria or molds used in their production, as well as whether the soybeans are roasted (as in chunjang) or aged (as in tauco) before being ground. fermented bean pastes are sometimes the starting material used in producing soy sauces, such as tamari, or an additional product created from the same fermented mass. the paste is also the main ingredient of hoisin sauce.due to the protein content of the beans, the fermentation process releases a large amount of free amino acids, which when combined with the large amounts of salt used in its production, produces a highly umami product. this is particularly true with miso, which can be used as the primary ingredient in certain dishes, such as miso soup.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fish ball

Fish balls are rounded meat balls made from fish paste which are then boiled or deep fried. similar in composition to fishcake, fish balls are often made from fish mince or surimi, salt, and a culinary binder such as tapioca flour, corn, or potato starch.fish balls are popular in east and southeast asia, where it is eaten as a snack or added to soups or hotpot dishes. they are usually attributed to chinese cuisine and the fish ball industry is largely operated by people of chinese descent.: 286  european versions tend to be less processed, sometimes using milk or potatoes for binding. nordic countries also have their own variation.

Main

Fish curry

Fish cooked in a sauce or gravy with spices

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fish sauce

Fish sauce is a liquid condiment made from fish or krill that have been coated in salt and fermented for up to two years.: 234  it is used as a staple seasoning in east asian cuisine and southeast asian cuisine, particularly myanmar, cambodia, china, indonesia, laos, malaysia, philippines, taiwan, thailand, and vietnam. some garum-related fish sauces have been used in the west since the roman times. due to its ability to add a savory umami flavor to dishes, it has been embraced globally by chefs and home cooks. the umami flavor in fish sauce is due to its glutamate content.fish sauce is used as a seasoning during or after cooking, and as a base in dipping sauces. soy sauce is regarded by some in the west as a vegetarian alternative to fish sauce though they are very different in flavor.: 234 

Dessert, Sweet

Foi thong

The nine auspicious thai desserts are used for traditional ceremonies such as weddings or housewarmings, because of their good meaning (the word “gao” which means “nine” in thai and also signifies prosperity)most of the desert names include the word thong, which means gold in thai, a symbol of wealth and prosperity

Main

Fondue

Fondue (uk: , us: , french: [fɔ̃dy]) is a swiss melted cheese dish served in a communal pot (caquelon or fondue pot) over a portable stove (réchaud) heated with a candle or spirit lamp, and eaten by dipping bread into the cheese using long-stemmed forks. it was promoted as a swiss national dish by the swiss cheese union (schweizerische käseunion) in the 1930s, and was popularized in north america in the 1960s. since the 1950s, the term "fondue" has been generalized to other dishes in which a food is dipped into a communal pot of liquid kept hot in a fondue pot: chocolate fondue, fondue au chocolat, in which pieces of fruit or pastry are dipped into a melted chocolate mixture, and fondue bourguignonne, in which pieces of meat are cooked in hot oil or broth.

Drink

Frappe

A frappé coffee, greek frappé, nescafé frappé, or just frappé (greek: φραπέ, frapé, [fraˈpe]) is a greek iced coffee drink made from instant coffee (generally, spray-dried nescafé), water, sugar, and milk. the word is often written frappe (without an accent). the frappé was invented through experimentation by dimitris vakondios, a nescafe representative, in 1957 in thessaloniki. frappés are among the most popular forms of coffee in greece and cyprus and have become a hallmark of postwar outdoor greek coffee culture.