Main

Aho

Flour and coconut porridge

Main

Barbecued chicken

Barbecue chicken consists of chicken parts or entire chickens that are barbecued, grilled or smoked. there are many global and regional preparation techniques and cooking styles. barbecue chicken is often seasoned or coated in a spice rub, barbecue sauce, or both. marinades are also used to tenderize the meat and add flavor. rotisserie chicken has gained prominence and popularity in u.s. grocery markets. barbecued chicken is one of the world's most popular barbecue dishes.

Main

Barbecued pork

Grilled pork

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Basmati

Basmati, pronounced ['bɑːsmət̪iː], is a variety of long, slender-grained aromatic rice which is traditionally grown in india, pakistan, bangladesh and nepal. as of 2019, india accounted for 65% of the international trade in basmati rice, while pakistan accounted for the remaining 35%. many countries use domestically grown basmati rice crops; however, basmati is geographically exclusive to certain districts of india and pakistan.according to the indian government agency apeda, a rice variety is eligible to be called basmati if it has a minimum average precooked milled rice length of 6.61 mm (0.260 in) and average precooked milled rice breadth of up to 2 mm (0.079 in), among other parameters.

Drink

Beer

Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea. it is produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), rice, and oats are also used. during the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer. most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent. other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops. in commercial brewing, the natural carbonation effect is often removed during processing and replaced with forced carbonation.some of humanity's earliest known writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the code of hammurabi included laws regulating beer and beer parlours, and "the hymn to ninkasi", a prayer to the mesopotamian goddess of beer, served as both a prayer and as a method of remembering the recipe for beer in a culture with few literate people.beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars. the brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries. the strength of modern beer is usually around 4% to 6% alcohol by volume (abv), although it may vary between 0.5% and 20%, with some breweries creating examples of 40% abv and above.beer forms part of the culture of many nations and is associated with social traditions such as beer festivals, as well as a rich pub culture involving activities like pub crawling, pub quizzes and pub games. when beer is distilled, the resulting liquor is a form of whisky.

Main

Bento

A bento (弁当, bentō) is the japanese iteration of a single-portion take-out or home-packed meal, often for lunch. outside japan, it is common in other east and southeast asian culinary styles, especially within chinese, korean, singaporean cuisines and more, as rice is a common staple food in the region. the term bento is derived from the chinese term biandang (便當, pinyin: biàndāng), which means "convenient" or "convenience".a traditional bento may contain rice or noodles with fish or meat, often with pickled and cooked vegetables in a box. containers range from mass-produced disposables to hand-crafted lacquerware. often various dividers are used to separate ingredients or dishes, especially those with strong flavors, to avoid them affecting the taste of the rest of the meal. a typical divider is green plastic grass, also known as the 'sushi grass'. this also works to stem the growth of bacteria.bento are readily available in many places throughout japan, including convenience stores, bento shops (弁当屋, bentō-ya), railway stations, and department stores. however, japanese homemakers often spend time and energy on carefully prepared box lunches for their spouses, children, or themselves. outside japan, the term bento box may be used (e.g., on english menus for japanese restaurants). bentos can be elaborately arranged in a style called "kyaraben" ("character bento"), which are typically decorated to look like popular characters from japanese animation (anime), comic books (manga), or video games. another popular bento style is "oekakiben" or "picture bento". this is decorated to look like people, animals, buildings and monuments or items such as flowers and plants. contests are often held where bento arrangers compete for the most aesthetically attractive arrangements. there are comparable to forms of boxed lunches in other asian countries such as in mainland china, taiwan and other sinophone communities as biàndāng in mandarin and piān-tong in taiwanese hokkien or in korea as dosirak (hangul: 도시락; hanja: 道食樂). other asian countries would either just use bento as a loanword or hokben, which means steaming bento. there has also been discussion regarding what the bento means for japanese society and what it represents. the analyses range from a simple semiotic approach to one that outlines the deeper ideological meanings behind the bento.

Main

Bonito

Bonitos are a tribe of medium-sized, ray-finned predatory fish in the family scombridae – a family it shares with the mackerel, tuna, and spanish mackerel tribes, and also the butterfly kingfish. also called the tribe sardini, it consists of eight species across four genera; three of those four genera are monotypic, having a single species each. bonitos closely resemble the skipjack tuna.

Breakfast

Bread

Bread is a staple food prepared from a dough of flour (usually wheat) and water, usually by baking. throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been an important part of many cultures' diet. it is one of the oldest human-made foods, having been of significance since the dawn of agriculture, and plays an essential role in both religious rituals and secular culture. bread may be leavened by naturally occurring microbes (e.g. sourdough), chemicals (e.g. baking soda), industrially produced yeast, or high-pressure aeration, which creates the gas bubbles that fluff up bread. in many countries, commercial bread often contains additives to improve flavor, texture, color, shelf life, nutrition, and ease of production.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Bread

Bread is a staple food prepared from a dough of flour (usually wheat) and water, usually by baking. throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been an important part of many cultures' diet. it is one of the oldest human-made foods, having been of significance since the dawn of agriculture, and plays an essential role in both religious rituals and secular culture. bread may be leavened by naturally occurring microbes (e.g. sourdough), chemicals (e.g. baking soda), industrially produced yeast, or high-pressure aeration, which creates the gas bubbles that fluff up bread. in many countries, commercial bread often contains additives to improve flavor, texture, color, shelf life, nutrition, and ease of production.

Main

Butter chicken

Butter chicken, traditionally known as murgh makhani, (pronounced [mʊrg ˈmək.kʰə.ni]) an indian dish which is a type of curry made from chicken with a spiced tomato and butter (makhan) sauce. its sauce is known for its rich texture. it is similar to chicken tikka masala, which uses a tomato paste.

Breakfast

Cereal

Cereal, formally termed breakfast cereal (and further categorized as cold cereal or warm cereal), is a traditional breakfast food made from processed cereal grains. it is traditionally eaten as part of breakfast, or a snack food, primarily in western societies. although warm cereals like porridge and grits have the longest history, ready-to-eat cold cereals appeared around the late 19th century, and are most often mixed with milk (traditionally cow's milk), but can also be paired with yogurt instead or eaten plain. fruit or nuts are sometimes added. many cereals are produced via extrusion. some companies promote their products for the health benefits that come from eating oat-based and high-fiber cereals. in the united states, cereals are often fortified with vitamins but can still lack many of the vitamins needed for a healthy breakfast. a significant proportion of cereals have a high sugar content ("sugar cereals" or "sugary cereals" in common parlance). some cereals are marketed primarily towards children, feature a cartoon mascot, and may contain a toy or prize. between 1970 and 1998, the number of different types of breakfast cereals in the u.s. more than doubled, from about 160 to around 340; as of 2012, there were roughly 4,945 different types (estimate based on the mass customization of online shopping). in this highly competitive market, cereal companies have developed an ever-increasing number of varieties and flavors (some are flavored like dessert or candy). although many plain wheat-, oat- and corn-based cereals exist, many other varieties are highly sweetened, while some brands include freeze-dried fruit as a sweet element. the breakfast cereal industry has gross profit margins of 40–45%, 90% penetration in some markets, and has had steady and continued growth throughout its history.

Main

Chicken

The chicken (gallus domesticus) is a domesticated junglefowl species, with attributes of wild species such as the grey and the ceylon junglefowl that are originally from southeastern asia. rooster or cock is a term for an adult male bird, and a younger male may be called a cockerel. a male that has been castrated is a capon. an adult female bird is called a hen and a sexually immature female is called a pullet. originally raised for cockfighting or for special ceremonies, chickens were not kept for food until the hellenistic period (4th–2nd centuries bc). humans now keep chickens primarily as a source of food (consuming both their meat and eggs) and as pets. chickens are one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, with a total population of 23.7 billion as of 2018, up from more than 19 billion in 2011. there are more chickens in the world than any other bird. there are numerous cultural references to chickens – in myth, folklore and religion, and in language and literature. genetic studies have pointed to multiple maternal origins in south asia, southeast asia, and east asia, but the clade found in the americas, europe, the middle east and africa originated from the indian subcontinent. from ancient india, the chicken spread to lydia in western asia minor, and to greece by the 5th century bc. fowl have been known in egypt since the mid-15th century bc, with the "bird that gives birth every day" having come from the land between syria and shinar, babylonia, according to the annals of thutmose iii.

Main

Clam

Clam is a common name for several kinds of bivalve molluscs. the word is often applied only to those that are edible and live as infauna, spending most of their lives halfway buried in the sand of the seafloor or riverbeds. clams have two shells of equal size connected by two adductor muscles and have a powerful burrowing foot. they live in both freshwater and marine environments; in salt water they prefer to burrow down into the mud and the turbidity of the water required varies with species and location; the greatest diversity of these is in north america.clams in the culinary sense do not live attached to a substrate (whereas oysters and mussels do) and do not live near the bottom (whereas scallops do). in culinary usage, clams are commonly eaten marine bivalves, as in clam digging and the resulting soup, clam chowder. many edible clams such as palourde clams are ovoid or triangular; however, razor clams have an elongated parallel-sided shell, suggesting an old-fashioned straight razor.some clams have life cycles of only one year, while at least one may be over 500 years old. all clams have two calcareous shells or valves joined near a hinge with a flexible ligament and all are filter feeders.

Main

Coconut crab

The coconut crab (birgus latro) is a species of terrestrial hermit crab, also known as the robber crab or palm thief. it is the largest terrestrial arthropod in the world, with a weight of up to 4.1 kg (9 lb). it can grow to up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) in width from the tip of one leg to the tip of another. it is found on islands across the indian ocean, and parts of the pacific ocean as far east as the gambier islands and pitcairn islands, similar to the distribution of the coconut palm; it has been extirpated from most areas with a significant human population, including mainland australia and madagascar. coconut crabs also live off the coast of africa near zanzibar. the coconut crab is the only species of the genus birgus, and is related to the other terrestrial hermit crabs of the genus coenobita. it shows a number of adaptations to life on land. juvenile coconut crabs use empty gastropod shells for protection like other hermit crabs, but the adults develop a tough exoskeleton on their abdomens and stop carrying a shell. coconut crabs have organs known as branchiostegal lungs, which they use for breathing instead of their vestigial gills. after the juvenile stage, they will drown if immersed in water for too long. they have an acute sense of smell which they use to find potential food sources, and which has developed convergently with that of insects. adult coconut crabs feed primarily on fleshy fruits, nuts, seeds, and the pith of fallen trees, but they will eat carrion and other organic matter opportunistically. anything left unattended on the ground is a potential source of food, which they will investigate and may carry away – thereby getting the alternative name of "robber crab." the species is popularly associated with the coconut palm, yet coconuts are not a significant part of its diet. although it lives in a burrow, the crab has been filmed climbing coconut and pandanus trees. no film shows a crab selectively picking coconut fruit, though they might dislodge ripe fruit that otherwise would fall naturally. climbing is an immediate escape route (if too far from the burrow) to avoid predation by large sea birds (when young) or by humans, or cannibalism (at any age) by bigger, older crabs. mating occurs on dry land, but the females return to the edge of the sea to release their fertilized eggs, and then retreat back up the beach. the larvae that hatch are planktonic for 3–4 weeks, before settling to the sea floor, entering a gastropod shell and returning to dry land. sexual maturity is reached after about 5 years, and the total lifespan may be over 60 years. in the 3–4 weeks that the larvae remain at sea, their chances of reaching another suitable location is enhanced if a floating life support system avails itself to them. examples of the systems that provide such opportunities include floating logs and rafts of marine or terrestrial vegetation. similarly, floating coconuts can be a very significant part of the crab's dispersal options. fossils of this crab date back to the miocene.

Drink

Coconut-derived alcohol

Drink

Coconut water

Coconut water (also coconut juice) is the clear liquid inside coconuts (fruits of the coconut palm). in early development, it serves as a suspension for the endosperm of the coconut during the nuclear phase of development. as growth continues, the endosperm matures into its cellular phase and deposits into the rind of the coconut pulp. the liquid inside young coconuts is often preferred to the liquid of a ripened coconut. coconut water from young green coconuts is also known specifically as buko juice in philippine english.

Breakfast

Coffee

Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain flowering plants in the coffea genus. from the coffee fruit, the seeds are separated to produce a stable, raw product: unroasted green coffee. the seeds are then roasted, a process which transforms them into a consumable product: roasted coffee, which is ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. it is one of the most popular drinks in the world and can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, french press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). it is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. sugar, sugar substitutes, milk or cream are often used to lessen the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. it may be served with coffee cake or another sweet dessert, like doughnuts. a commercial establishment that sells prepared coffee beverages is known as a coffeehouse or coffee shop (not to be confused with dutch coffeeshops selling cannabis). clinical research indicates that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial as a stimulant in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption has positive or negative effects.though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the red sea. the earliest credible evidence of the drinking of coffee in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day yemen from the mid-15th century in sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. the yemenis procured the coffee beans from the ethiopian highlands via coastal somali intermediaries and began cultivation. by the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the middle east and north africa, later spreading to europe. in the 20th century, coffee became a much more global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. the two most commonly grown coffee bean types are c. arabica and c. robusta. coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the americas, southeast asia, the indian subcontinent, and africa. as of 2018, brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world total. coffee is a major export commodity as the leading legal agricultural export for numerous countries. it is one of the most valuable commodities exported by developing countries. green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and one of the most traded commodities overall, second only to petroleum. despite the sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars, those actually producing the beans are disproportionately living in poverty. critics also point to the coffee industry's negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. the environmental costs and wage disparity of farmers are causing the market for fair trade and organic coffee to expand.

Drink

Coffee

Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain flowering plants in the coffea genus. from the coffee fruit, the seeds are separated to produce a stable, raw product: unroasted green coffee. the seeds are then roasted, a process which transforms them into a consumable product: roasted coffee, which is ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. it is one of the most popular drinks in the world and can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, french press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). it is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. sugar, sugar substitutes, milk or cream are often used to lessen the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. it may be served with coffee cake or another sweet dessert, like doughnuts. a commercial establishment that sells prepared coffee beverages is known as a coffeehouse or coffee shop (not to be confused with dutch coffeeshops selling cannabis). clinical research indicates that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial as a stimulant in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term consumption has positive or negative effects.though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the red sea. the earliest credible evidence of the drinking of coffee in the form of the modern beverage appears in modern-day yemen from the mid-15th century in sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to current methods. the yemenis procured the coffee beans from the ethiopian highlands via coastal somali intermediaries and began cultivation. by the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the middle east and north africa, later spreading to europe. in the 20th century, coffee became a much more global commodity, creating different coffee cultures around the world. the two most commonly grown coffee bean types are c. arabica and c. robusta. coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the americas, southeast asia, the indian subcontinent, and africa. as of 2018, brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world total. coffee is a major export commodity as the leading legal agricultural export for numerous countries. it is one of the most valuable commodities exported by developing countries. green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and one of the most traded commodities overall, second only to petroleum. despite the sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars, those actually producing the beans are disproportionately living in poverty. critics also point to the coffee industry's negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. the environmental costs and wage disparity of farmers are causing the market for fair trade and organic coffee to expand.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Corn on the cob

Corn on the cob is a culinary term for a cooked ear of sweet corn (maize) eaten directly off the cob. the ear is picked while the endosperm is in the "milk stage" so that the kernels are still tender. ears of corn are steamed, boiled, or grilled usually without their green husks, or roasted with them. the husk leaves are removed before serving. corn on the cob is normally eaten while still warm. it is often seasoned with salt and butter. some diners use specialized skewers, thrust into the ends of the cob, to hold the ear while eating without touching the hot and sticky kernels. after being picked, the corn's sugar converts into starch: it takes only one day for it to lose up to 25% of its sweetness, so it is ideally cooked on the same day as it is harvested.

Main

Crab

Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail" (abdomen) (greek: βραχύς, romanized: brachys = short, οὐρά / οura = tail), usually hidden entirely under the thorax. they live in all the world's oceans, in fresh water, and on land, are generally covered with a thick exoskeleton, and have a single pair of pincers. they first appeared during the jurassic period.

Main

Curry

A curry is a dish with a sauce seasoned with spices, mainly associated with south asian cuisine. in southern india, leaves from the curry tree may be included.there are many varieties of curry. in traditional cuisines, the selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and preference of the chef. such dishes have names that refer to their ingredients, spicing, and cooking methods. outside the indian subcontinent, a curry is a dish from southeast asia which uses coconut milk or spice pastes, commonly eaten over rice. curries may contain fish, meat, poultry, or shellfish, either alone or in combination with vegetables. others are vegetarian. dry curries are cooked using small amounts of liquid, which is allowed to evaporate, leaving the other ingredients coated with the spice mixture. wet curries contain significant amounts of sauce or gravy based on broth, coconut cream or coconut milk, dairy cream or yogurt, or legume purée, sautéed crushed onion, or tomato purée. curry powder, a commercially prepared mixture of spices marketed in the west, was first exported to britain in the 18th century when indian merchants sold a concoction of spices, similar to garam masala, to the british colonial government and army returning to britain.

Main

Curry beef

A curry is a dish with a sauce seasoned with spices, mainly associated with south asian cuisine. in southern india, leaves from the curry tree may be included.there are many varieties of curry. in traditional cuisines, the selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and preference of the chef. such dishes have names that refer to their ingredients, spicing, and cooking methods. outside the indian subcontinent, a curry is a dish from southeast asia which uses coconut milk or spice pastes, commonly eaten over rice. curries may contain fish, meat, poultry, or shellfish, either alone or in combination with vegetables. others are vegetarian. dry curries are cooked using small amounts of liquid, which is allowed to evaporate, leaving the other ingredients coated with the spice mixture. wet curries contain significant amounts of sauce or gravy based on broth, coconut cream or coconut milk, dairy cream or yogurt, or legume purée, sautéed crushed onion, or tomato purée. curry powder, a commercially prepared mixture of spices marketed in the west, was first exported to britain in the 18th century when indian merchants sold a concoction of spices, similar to garam masala, to the british colonial government and army returning to britain.

Main

Demok

Coconut soup with taro greens and crab, fish, chicken

Main

Fish

Fish cakes, fried, grilled, sauteed, cooked inside banana leaves, smoked, soup

Breakfast

Fish

Fish cakes, fried, grilled, sauteed, cooked inside banana leaves, smoked, soup

Main

Fish and chips

Fish and chips is a popular hot dish consisting of fried fish in crispy batter, served with chips. the dish originated in england, where these two components had been introduced from separate immigrant cultures; it is not known who created the culinary fusion that became the emblematic british meal. often considered britain's national dish, fish and chips is a common take-away food in the united kingdom and numerous other countries, particularly in english-speaking and commonwealth nations.fish and chip shops first appeared in the uk in the 1860s, and by 1910, there were over 25,000 fish and chip shops across the uk. by the 1930s there were over 35,000 shops, but the trend reversed, and by 2009 there were only approximately 10,000. the british government safeguarded the supply of fish and chips during the first world war, and again in the second world war; it was one of the few foods in the uk not subject to rationing during the wars.

Main

Fishcake

A fishcake (sometimes written as fish cake) is a culinary dish consisting of filleted fish or other seafood minced or ground, mixed with a starchy ingredient, and fried until golden. asian-style fishcakes usually contain fish with salt, water, flour and egg. they can include a combination of fish paste and surimi. european-style fishcakes are similar to a croquette, consisting of filleted fish or other seafood with potato patty, sometimes coated in breadcrumbs or batter. fishcakes as defined in the oxford dictionary of food and nutrition are chopped or minced fish mixed with potato, egg and flour with seasonings of onions, peppers and sometimes herbs.the fishcake has been seen as a way of using up leftovers that might otherwise be thrown away. in mrs beeton's 19th century publication book of household management, her recipe for fishcakes calls for "leftover fish" and "cold potatoes". more modern recipes have added to the dish, suggesting ingredients such as smoked salmon and vegetables.

Main

Fried chicken

Fried chicken, also known as southern fried chicken, is a dish consisting of chicken pieces that have been coated with seasoned flour or batter and pan-fried, deep fried, pressure fried, or air fried. the breading adds a crisp coating or crust to the exterior of the chicken while retaining juices in the meat. broiler chickens are most commonly used. the first dish known to have been deep fried was fritters, which were popular in the european middle ages. however, the scottish were the first europeans to deep fry their chicken in fat (though without seasoning). meanwhile, many west african peoples had traditions of seasoned fried chicken (though battering and cooking the chicken in palm oil). scottish frying techniques and west african seasoning techniques were combined by enslaved africans and african-americans in the american south.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fried plantains

Fried plantain is a dish cooked wherever plantains grow, from west africa to east africa as well as central america, the tropical region of northern south america and the caribbean countries like haiti to cuba and in many parts of southeast asia, where fried snacks are widely popular. in indonesia it is called gorengan. it is called alloco in côte d'ivoire and dodo in western nigeria, otherwise known as simply fried plantain in other parts of nigeria. kelewele is a fried spicy plantain or can be fried as a side dish for red red (african stewed black-eyed peas) and fish stew in ghana.fried plantain is also eaten in some countries in south america or the caribbean where african influence is present. for example, in the dominican republic, cuba and puerto rico, it is common to cut plantains in slices, fry them until they are yellow, smash them between two plates and fry them again. this is also a common dish in haiti, referred to as bannann peze, and throughout central america, referred to as patacones in costa rica, panama, colombia and ecuador, and as tostones in guatemala, nicaragua, and puerto rico. in honduras and venezuela they are referred to as tajadas.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fries

French fries (north american english), chips (british english), finger chips (indian english), french-fried potatoes, or simply fries, are batonnet or allumette-cut deep-fried potatoes, disputed origin from belgium and france. they are prepared by cutting potatoes into even strips, drying them, and frying them, usually in a deep fryer. pre-cut, blanched, and frozen russet potatoes are widely used, and sometimes baked in a regular or convection oven; air fryers are small convection ovens marketed for frying potatoes. french fries are served hot, either soft or crispy, and are generally eaten as part of lunch or dinner or by themselves as a snack, and they commonly appear on the menus of diners, fast food restaurants, pubs, and bars. they are often salted and may be served with ketchup, vinegar, mayonnaise, tomato sauce, or other local specialities. fries can be topped more heavily, as in the dishes of poutine or chili cheese fries. french fries can be made from sweet potatoes instead of potatoes. a baked variant, oven fries, uses less or no oil.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fruit

Bananas, betel nut, breadfruit, coconut, dragonfruit, jackfruit, lemon, mango, mangosteen, pandan, papaya, passionfruit, pineapple, rambutan, soursop, starfruit, watermelon

Breakfast

Fruit

In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering. fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. edible fruits in particular have long propagated using the movements of humans and animals in a symbiotic relationship that is the means for seed dispersal for the one group and nutrition for the other; in fact, humans and many animals have become dependent on fruits as a source of food. consequently, fruits account for a substantial fraction of the world's agricultural output, and some (such as the apple and the pomegranate) have acquired extensive cultural and symbolic meanings. in common language usage, "fruit" normally means the seed-associated fleshy structures (or produce) of plants that typically are sweet or sour and edible in the raw state, such as apples, bananas, grapes, lemons, oranges, and strawberries. in botanical usage, the term "fruit" also includes many structures that are not commonly called "fruits" in everyday language, such as nuts, bean pods, corn kernels, tomatoes, and wheat grains.

Main

Fruit bat soup

Drink

Fruit juice

Juice is a drink made from the extraction or pressing of the natural liquid contained in fruit and vegetables. it can also refer to liquids that are flavored with concentrate or other biological food sources, such as meat or seafood, such as clam juice. juice is commonly consumed as a beverage or used as an ingredient or flavoring in foods or other beverages, as for smoothies. juice emerged as a popular beverage choice after the development of pasteurization methods enabled its preservation without using fermentation (which is used in wine production). the largest fruit juice consumers are new zealand (nearly a cup, or 8 ounces, each day) and colombia (more than three quarters of a cup each day). fruit juice consumption on average increases with country income level.

Dessert, Sweet

Gelato

Gelato (italian pronunciation: [dʒeˈlaːto]; lit. 'frozen') is the common word in italian for all kinds of ice cream. in english, it specifically refers to a frozen dessert of italian origin. artisanal gelato in italy generally contains 6%–9% butterfat, which is lower than other styles of frozen dessert. gelato typically contains 35% air and more flavoring than other kinds of frozen desserts, giving it a density and richness that distinguishes it from other ice creams.

Dessert, Sweet

Halo-halo

Halo-halo, officially spelled haluhalo, tagalog for "mixed," is a popular cold dessert in the philippines made up of crushed ice, evaporated milk or coconut milk, and various ingredients including ube jam (ube halaya), sweetened kidney or garbanzo beans, coconut strips, sago, gulaman (agar), pinipig, boiled taro or soft yams in cubes, flan, slices or portions of fruit preserves and other root crop preserves. the dessert is topped with a scoop of ube or mango ice cream. it is usually prepared in a tall clear glass and served with a long spoon. halo-halo is considered to be the unofficial national dessert of the philippines. the term "halo-halo" translates to "mixed" in english because the dessert is meant to be mixed before being consumed. this spelling has come to describe any object or situation composed of a similar, colorful combination of ingredients.

Main

Hamburger

A hamburger (or burger for short) is a food consisting of fillings —usually a patty of ground meat, typically beef—placed inside a sliced bun or bread roll. hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, bacon, or chilis; condiments such as ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, relish, or a "special sauce", often a variation of thousand island dressing; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns. a hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.the term burger can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the united kingdom, where the term patty is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef. since the term hamburger usually implies beef, for clarity burger may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in beef burger, turkey burger, bison burger, portobello burger, or veggie burger. in australia and new zealand, a piece of chicken breast on a bun is known as a chicken burger, which would generally not be considered to be a burger in the united states; where it would generally be called a chicken sandwich, but in australian english and new zealand english a sandwich requires sliced bread (not a bun), so it would not be considered a sandwich.hamburgers are typically sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants. there are many international and regional variations of hamburgers.

Main

Honey ginger chicken

Chicken with a honey ginger glaze

Dessert, Sweet

Ice cream

Ice cream is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert. it may be made from milk or cream and is flavoured with a sweetener, either sugar or an alternative, and a spice, such as cocoa or vanilla, or with fruit such as strawberries or peaches. it can also be made by whisking a flavored cream base and liquid nitrogen together. food coloring is sometimes added, in addition to stabilizers. the mixture is cooled below the freezing point of water and stirred to incorporate air spaces and to prevent detectable ice crystals from forming. the result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (below 2 °c or 35 °f). it becomes more malleable as its temperature increases. the meaning of the name "ice cream" varies from one country to another. ice cream and gelato, based on cream and milk. frozen yogurt, based on yogurt or kefir. frozen custard, with eggs added to cream and sugar. ice milk. sorbet/slushy, ice pop/popsicle/icicle: water base. examples: frozen cola, frozen lemonade, frozen tea. sherbet, like sorbet but with some milk added.in some countries, such as the united states, "ice cream" applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate the commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream. products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are sometimes labelled "frozen dairy dessert" instead. in other countries, such as italy and argentina, one word is used for all variants. analogues made from dairy alternatives, such as goat's or sheep's milk, or milk substitutes (e.g., soy, cashew, coconut, almond milk or tofu), are available for those who are lactose intolerant, allergic to dairy protein, or vegan. ice cream may be served in dishes, for eating with a spoon, or licked from edible wafer cones. ice cream may be served with other desserts, such as apple pie, or as an ingredient in ice cream floats, sundaes, milkshakes, ice cream cakes and even baked items, such as baked alaska.

Drink

Kava

A beverage made from the powdered roots of the kava plant, known for its sedating effects

Main

Kebab

Kebab is a cooked meat dish, with its origins in middle eastern cuisines. many variants are popular around the world. kebabs consist of cut up or ground meat, sometimes with vegetables, and various other accompaniments according to the specific recipe. although kebabs are typically cooked on a skewer over a fire, some kebab dishes are baked in a pan in an oven or prepared as a stew such as tas kebab. the traditional meat for kebabs is most often mutton or lamb, but regional recipes may include beef, goat, chicken, fish, and sometimes pork depending on whether or not there are specific religious prohibitions.

Main

Korma

Korma or qorma (hindi: क़ोरमा; urdu: قورمہ; bengali: কোরমা) is a dish originating in south asia, consisting of meat or vegetables braised with yogurt (dahi), water or stock, and spices to produce a thick sauce or gravy.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Korokke

A croquette (/kroʊˈkɛt/) is a type of dumpling consisting of a thick binder combined with a filling, which is breaded and deep-fried; it is served as a side dish, a snack, or fast food worldwide. the binder is typically a thick béchamel or brown sauce, mashed potatoes, wheat flour or wheat bread. the binder may be mixed with or stuffed with a filling; this mixture is called a salpicon. typical fillings include finely chopped meat, seafood, cheese, rice, pasta, mushrooms, as well as various vegetables as well as seasonings such as herbs and spices. sweet croquettes may use a pastry cream binder and be filled with fruit.croquettes may also be formed in other shapes: disks, ovals, balls.

Main

Lobster

Lobsters are a family (nephropidae, synonym homaridae) of large marine crustaceans. lobsters have long bodies with muscular tails, and live in crevices or burrows on the sea floor. three of their five pairs of legs have claws, including the first pair, which are usually much larger than the others. highly prized as seafood, lobsters are economically important, and are often one of the most profitable commodities in coastal areas they populate.commercially important species include two species of homarus (which look more like the stereotypical lobster) from the northern atlantic ocean, and scampi (which look more like a shrimp, or a "mini lobster") — the northern hemisphere genus nephrops and the southern hemisphere genus metanephrops.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Mango chutney

Green mango chutney, also known as raw mango chutney, is an indian chutney prepared from unripe mangoes. ripe mangoes are sweet and are not used for chutneys as they are eaten raw. green unripe mangoes are hard and sour, and they are cooked as chutneys. mango chutneys are tangy in taste.

Main

Marlin

Marlins are fish from the family istiophoridae, which includes about 10 species. a marlin has an elongated body, a spear-like snout or bill, and a long, rigid dorsal fin which extends forward to form a crest. its common name is thought to derive from its resemblance to a sailor's marlinspike. marlins are among the fastest marine swimmers, reaching ~110 km/h (68 mph) in short bursts. however, greatly exaggerated speeds are often claimed in popular literature, based on unreliable or outdated reports.the larger species include the atlantic blue marlin, makaira nigricans, which can reach 5 m (16 ft) in length and 820 kg (1,810 lb) in weight and the black marlin, istiompax indica, which can reach in excess of 5 m (16 ft) in length and 670 kg (1,480 lb) in weight. they are popular sporting fish in tropical areas. the atlantic blue marlin and the white marlin are endangered owing to overfishing.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Mashed taro

Pounded taro

Drink

Milkshake

A milkshake (sometimes simply called a shake) is a sweet beverage made by blending milk, ice cream, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, fruit syrup, or whole fruit into a thick, sweet, cold mixture. it may also be made using a base made from non-dairy products, including plant milks such as almond milk, coconut milk, or soy milk. milkshakes originated in the united states around the turn of the 20th century, and grew in popularity following the introduction of electric blenders in the subsequent two decades. they became a common part of youth popular culture, as ice cream shops were a culturally acceptable meeting place for youth, and milkshakes became symbolic of the innocence of youth.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Miti

Hot and sour coconut condiment, made with coconut cream, chili peppers, lemon juice, onions and salt, used with seafood, salad, taro, ulu (breadfruit)

Main

Mussel

Mussel () is the common name used for members of several families of bivalve molluscs, from saltwater and freshwater habitats. these groups have in common a shell whose outline is elongated and asymmetrical compared with other edible clams, which are often more or less rounded or oval. the word "mussel" is frequently used to mean the bivalves of the marine family mytilidae, most of which live on exposed shores in the intertidal zone, attached by means of their strong byssal threads ("beard") to a firm substrate. a few species (in the genus bathymodiolus) have colonised hydrothermal vents associated with deep ocean ridges. in most marine mussels the shell is longer than it is wide, being wedge-shaped or asymmetrical. the external colour of the shell is often dark blue, blackish, or brown, while the interior is silvery and somewhat nacreous. the common name "mussel" is also used for many freshwater bivalves, including the freshwater pearl mussels. freshwater mussel species inhabit lakes, ponds, rivers, creeks, canals, and they are classified in a different subclass of bivalves, despite some very superficial similarities in appearance. freshwater zebra mussels and their relatives in the family dreissenidae are not related to previously mentioned groups, even though they resemble many mytilus species in shape, and live attached to rocks and other hard surfaces in a similar manner, using a byssus. they are classified with the heterodonta, the taxonomic group which includes most of the bivalves commonly referred to as "clams".

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Naan

Naan (hindi: नान, persian: نان, romanized: nān, urdu: نان, pashto: نان dari: نان, bengali: নান) is a leavened, oven-baked or tawa-fried flatbread which is found in the cuisines mainly of western asia, central asia, indian subcontinent, indonesia, myanmar, and the caribbean.

Main

Needlefish

Needlefish (family belonidae) or long toms are piscivorous fishes primarily associated with very shallow marine habitats or the surface of the open sea. some genera include species found in marine, brackish, and freshwater environments (e.g., strongylura), while a few genera are confined to freshwater rivers and streams, including belonion, potamorrhaphis, and xenentodon. needlefish closely resemble north american freshwater gars (family lepisosteidae) in being elongated and having long, narrow jaws filled with sharp teeth, and some species of needlefishes are referred to as gars or garfish despite being only distantly related to the true gars. in fact, the name "garfish" was originally used for the needlefish belone belone in europe and only later applied to the north american fishes by european settlers during the 18th century.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Okoko

Pickled green papaya

Main

Pasta

Pasta (us: , uk: ; italian pronunciation: [ˈpasta]) is a type of food typically made from an unleavened dough of wheat flour mixed with water or eggs, and formed into sheets or other shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking. rice flour, or legumes such as beans or lentils, are sometimes used in place of wheat flour to yield a different taste and texture, or as a gluten-free alternative. pasta is a staple food of italian cuisine.pastas are divided into two broad categories: dried (pasta secca) and fresh (pasta fresca). most dried pasta is produced commercially via an extrusion process, although it can be produced at home. fresh pasta is traditionally produced by hand, sometimes with the aid of simple machines. fresh pastas available in grocery stores are produced commercially by large-scale machines. both dried and fresh pastas come in a number of shapes and varieties, with 310 specific forms known by over 1,300 documented names. in italy, the names of specific pasta shapes or types often vary by locale. for example, the pasta form cavatelli is known by 28 different names depending upon the town and region. common forms of pasta include long and short shapes, tubes, flat shapes or sheets, miniature shapes for soup, those meant to be filled or stuffed, and specialty or decorative shapes.as a category in italian cuisine, both fresh and dried pastas are classically used in one of three kinds of prepared dishes: as pasta asciutta (or pastasciutta), cooked pasta is plated and served with a complementary sauce or condiment; a second classification of pasta dishes is pasta in brodo, in which the pasta is part of a soup-type dish. a third category is pasta al forno, in which the pasta is incorporated into a dish that is subsequently baked in the oven. pasta dishes are generally simple, but individual dishes vary in preparation. some pasta dishes are served as a small first course or for light lunches, such as pasta salads. other dishes may be portioned larger and used for dinner. pasta sauces similarly may vary in taste, color and texture.in terms of nutrition, cooked plain pasta is 31% carbohydrates (mostly starch), 6% protein, and low in fat, with moderate amounts of manganese, but pasta generally has low micronutrient content. pasta may be enriched or fortified, or made from whole grains.

Dessert, Sweet

Pichi pichi

Pichi-pichi, also spelled pitsi-pitsi, is a filipino dessert made from steamed cassava flour balls mixed with sugar and lye. it is also commonly flavored with pandan leaves. it is served rolled in freshly grated coconut, cheese, or latik (coconut caramel) before serving.a similar dish to pichi-pichi is the putli mandi of the tausug and yakan people. it is prepared identically, and differs only in that it has a filling of sweetened coconut strips (hinti). it is also similar to palitaw, except palitaw is made into thin flat cakes and is made with glutinous rice flour.

Main

Pizza

Pizza (italian: [ˈpittsa], neapolitan: [ˈpittsə]) is a dish of italian origin consisting of a usually round, flat base of leavened wheat-based dough topped with tomatoes, cheese, and often various other ingredients (such as various types of sausage, anchovies, mushrooms, onions, olives, vegetables, meat, ham, etc.), which is then baked at a high temperature, traditionally in a wood-fired oven. a small pizza is sometimes called a pizzetta. a person who makes pizza is known as a pizzaiolo. in italy, pizza served in a restaurant is presented unsliced, and is eaten with the use of a knife and fork. in casual settings, however, it is cut into wedges to be eaten while held in the hand. the term pizza was first recorded in the 10th century in a latin manuscript from the southern italian town of gaeta in lazio, on the border with campania. modern pizza was invented in naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular in many countries. it has become one of the most popular foods in the world and a common fast food item in europe, north america and australasia; available at pizzerias (restaurants specializing in pizza), restaurants offering mediterranean cuisine, via pizza delivery, and as street food. various food companies sell ready-baked pizzas, which may be frozen, in grocery stores, to be reheated in a home oven. in 2017, the world pizza market was us$128 billion, and in the us it was $44 billion spread over 76,000 pizzerias. overall, 13% of the u.s. population aged 2 years and over consumed pizza on any given day.the associazione verace pizza napoletana (lit. true neapolitan pizza association) is a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in naples that aims to promote traditional neapolitan pizza. in 2009, upon italy's request, neapolitan pizza was registered with the european union as a traditional speciality guaranteed dish, and in 2017 the art of its making was included on unesco's list of intangible cultural heritage.raffaele esposito is often considered to be the father of modern pizza.

Main

Poke

Poke (hawaiian for "to slice" or "cut crosswise into pieces"; sometimes anglicised as 'poké' to aid pronunciation) is diced raw fish served either as an appetizer or a main course and is one of the main dishes of native hawaiian cuisine. traditional forms are aku (skipjack tuna) and heʻe (octopus). heʻe poke is sometimes called tako poke in places where the hawaiian language is not spoken. poke differs from other raw fish dishes in that it does not use citrus fruits as a curing agent.

Main

Pork

Broiled, grilled/barbecued, kebabs, slow-cooked with taro leaves wrapped in banana/betel leaves

Breakfast

Pork and taro leaves

Main

Pork and taro leaves

Main

Pumpkin soup

Pumpkin soup is a usually 'bound' (thick) soup made from a purée of pumpkin. it is made by combining the meat of a blended pumpkin with broth or stock. it can be served hot or cold, and is a popular thanksgiving dish in the united states. various versions of the dish are known in many european countries, the united states and other areas of north america, in asia and in australia. pumpkin soup was a staple for the prisoners of war in north vietnamese prison camps during the vietnam war.squash soup is a soup prepared using squash as a primary ingredient. squash used to prepare the soup commonly includes acorn and butternut squash.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Raita

Raita is a side dish in indian cuisine made of dahi (yogurt, often referred to as curd) together with raw or cooked vegetables, more seldom fruit, or in the case of boondi raita, with fried droplets of batter made from besan (chickpea flour, generally labeled as gram flour). the closest approximation in western cuisine is a side dish or dip, or a cooked salad. it is often referred to as a condiment, but unlike traditional western condiments like salt, pepper, mustard and horseradish that make dishes more spicy, a dish of dahi or raita has a cooling effect to contrast with spicy curries and kebabs that are the main fare of some asian cuisines. in indian cuisine, some type of flatbread may be eaten together with raita, chutneys and pickles. the yogurt may be seasoned with coriander, roasted cumin seeds, mint, cayenne pepper, chaat masala and other herbs and spices.

Drink

Red Rooster Palau Brewing Company

Main

Reef fish

Coral reef fish are fish which live amongst or in close relation to coral reefs. coral reefs form complex ecosystems with tremendous biodiversity. among the myriad inhabitants, the fish stand out as colourful and interesting to watch. hundreds of species can exist in a small area of a healthy reef, many of them hidden or well camouflaged. reef fish have developed many ingenious specialisations adapted to survival on the reefs. coral reefs occupy less than one per cent of the surface area of the world oceans, but still, they provide a home for 25 per cent of all marine fish species. reef habitats are a sharp contrast to the open water habitats that make up the other 99% of the world oceans. however, loss and degradation of coral reef habitat, increasing pollution, and overfishing including the use of destructive fishing practices, are threatening the survival of the coral reefs and the associated reef fish.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Rice

Rice is the seed of the grass species oryza sativa (asian rice) or less commonly oryza glaberrima (african rice). the name wild rice is usually used for species of the genera zizania and porteresia, both wild and domesticated, although the term may also be used for primitive or uncultivated varieties of oryza. as a cereal grain, domesticated rice is the most widely consumed staple food for over half of the world's human population, especially in asia and africa. it is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production, after sugarcane and maize. since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important food crop with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans. there are many varieties of rice and culinary preferences tend to vary regionally. the traditional method for cultivating rice is flooding the fields while, or after, setting the young seedlings. this simple method requires sound irrigation planning but reduces the growth of less robust weed and pest plants that have no submerged growth state, and deters vermin. while flooding is not mandatory for the cultivation of rice, all other methods of irrigation require higher effort in weed and pest control during growth periods and a different approach for fertilizing the soil. rice, a monocot, is normally grown as an annual plant, although in tropical areas it can survive as a perennial and can produce a ratoon crop for up to 30 years. rice cultivation is well-suited to countries and regions with low labor costs and high rainfall, as it is labor-intensive to cultivate and requires ample water. however, rice can be grown practically anywhere, even on a steep hill or mountain area with the use of water-controlling terrace systems. although its parent species are native to asia and certain parts of africa, centuries of trade and exportation have made it commonplace in many cultures worldwide. production and consumption of rice is estimated to have been responsible for 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2010.

Breakfast

Rice

Rice is the seed of the grass species oryza sativa (asian rice) or less commonly oryza glaberrima (african rice). the name wild rice is usually used for species of the genera zizania and porteresia, both wild and domesticated, although the term may also be used for primitive or uncultivated varieties of oryza. as a cereal grain, domesticated rice is the most widely consumed staple food for over half of the world's human population, especially in asia and africa. it is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production, after sugarcane and maize. since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important food crop with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans. there are many varieties of rice and culinary preferences tend to vary regionally. the traditional method for cultivating rice is flooding the fields while, or after, setting the young seedlings. this simple method requires sound irrigation planning but reduces the growth of less robust weed and pest plants that have no submerged growth state, and deters vermin. while flooding is not mandatory for the cultivation of rice, all other methods of irrigation require higher effort in weed and pest control during growth periods and a different approach for fertilizing the soil. rice, a monocot, is normally grown as an annual plant, although in tropical areas it can survive as a perennial and can produce a ratoon crop for up to 30 years. rice cultivation is well-suited to countries and regions with low labor costs and high rainfall, as it is labor-intensive to cultivate and requires ample water. however, rice can be grown practically anywhere, even on a steep hill or mountain area with the use of water-controlling terrace systems. although its parent species are native to asia and certain parts of africa, centuries of trade and exportation have made it commonplace in many cultures worldwide. production and consumption of rice is estimated to have been responsible for 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions in 2010.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Salad

A salad is a dish consisting of mixed, mostly natural ingredients with at least one raw ingredient. they are often dressed, and typically served at room temperature or chilled, though some can be served warm. garden salads use a base of leafy greens such as lettuce, arugula/rocket, kale or spinach; they are common enough that the word salad alone often refers specifically to garden salads. other types include bean salad, tuna salad, fattoush, greek salad (vegetable-based, but without leafy greens), and sōmen salad (a noodle-based salad). salads may be served at any point during a meal: appetizer salads—light, smaller-portion salads served as the first course of the meal side salads—to accompany the main course as a side dish; examples include potato salad and coleslaw main course salads—usually containing a portion of one or more high-protein foods, such as meat, fish, eggs, legumes, or cheese dessert salads—sweet salads containing fruit, gelatin, sweeteners or whipped creamwhen a sauce is used to flavor a salad, it is generally called a salad dressing; most salad dressings are based on either a mixture of oil and vinegar or a creamy dairy base.

Main

Sandwich

A sandwich is a food typically consisting of vegetables, sliced cheese or meat, placed on or between slices of bread, or more generally any dish wherein bread serves as a container or wrapper for another food type. the sandwich began as a portable, convenient finger food in the western world, though over time it has become prevalent worldwide. in the 21st century there has been considerable debate over the precise definition of sandwich; and specifically whether a hot dog or open sandwich can be categorized as such. in the united states, the department of agriculture and the food and drug administration are the responsible agencies. the usda uses the definition, "at least 35% cooked meat and no more than 50% bread" for closed sandwiches, and "at least 50% cooked meat" for open sandwiches. in britain, the british sandwich association defines a sandwich as "any form of bread with a filling, generally assembled cold", a definition which includes wraps and bagels, but excludes dishes assembled and served hot, such as burgers.sandwiches are a popular type of lunch food, taken to work, school, or picnics to be eaten as part of a packed lunch. the bread may be plain or be coated with condiments, such as mayonnaise or mustard, to enhance its flavour and texture. as well as being homemade, sandwiches are also widely sold in various retail outlets and can be served hot or cold. there are both savoury sandwiches, such as deli meat sandwiches, and sweet sandwiches, such as a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. the sandwich is named after its supposed inventor, john montagu, 4th earl of sandwich. the wall street journal has described it as britain's "biggest contribution to gastronomy".

Main

Sashimi

Sashimi (刺身, english: sə-shee-mee, japanese: [saɕimiꜜ]) is a japanese delicacy consisting of fresh raw fish or meat sliced into thin pieces and often eaten with soy sauce.

Main

Sea birds

Seabirds (also known as marine birds) are birds that are adapted to life within the marine environment. while seabirds vary greatly in lifestyle, behaviour and physiology, they often exhibit striking convergent evolution, as the same environmental problems and feeding niches have resulted in similar adaptations. the first seabirds evolved in the cretaceous period, and modern seabird families emerged in the paleogene. in general, seabirds live longer, breed later and have fewer young than other birds do, but they invest a great deal of time in their young. most species nest in colonies, which can vary in size from a few dozen birds to millions. many species are famous for undertaking long annual migrations, crossing the equator or circumnavigating the earth in some cases. they feed both at the ocean's surface and below it, and even feed on each other. seabirds can be highly pelagic, coastal, or in some cases spend a part of the year away from the sea entirely. seabirds and humans have a long history together: they have provided food to hunters, guided fishermen to fishing stocks and led sailors to land. many species are currently threatened by human activities, such as from oil spills, getting trapped in nets, and by climate change and severe weather. conservation efforts include the establishment of wildlife refugees and adjustments to fishing techniques.

Main

Sea cucumber

Sea cucumbers are echinoderms from the class holothuroidea (). they are marine animals with a leathery skin and an elongated body containing a single, branched gonad. sea cucumbers are found on the sea floor worldwide. the number of holothurian () species worldwide is about 1,717, with the greatest number being in the asia-pacific region. many of these are gathered for human consumption and some species are cultivated in aquaculture systems. the harvested product is variously referred to as trepang, namako, bêche-de-mer, or balate. sea cucumbers serve a useful role in the marine ecosystem as they help recycle nutrients, breaking down detritus and other organic matter, after which bacteria can continue the decomposition process.like all echinoderms, sea cucumbers have an endoskeleton just below the skin, calcified structures that are usually reduced to isolated microscopic ossicles (or sclerietes) joined by connective tissue. in some species these can sometimes be enlarged to flattened plates, forming an armour. in pelagic species such as pelagothuria natatrix (order elasipodida, family pelagothuriidae), the skeleton is absent and there is no calcareous ring.sea cucumbers are named for their resemblance to the fruit of the cucumber plant.

Main

Seafood

Seafood is any form of sea life regarded as food by humans, prominently including fish and shellfish. shellfish include various species of molluscs (e.g. bivalve molluscs such as clams, oysters and mussels, and cephalopods such as octopus and squid), crustaceans (e.g. shrimp, crabs, and lobster), and echinoderms (e.g. sea cucumbers and sea urchins). historically, marine mammals such as cetaceans (whales and dolphins) as well as seals have been eaten as food, though that happens to a lesser extent in modern times. edible sea plants such as some seaweeds and microalgae are widely eaten as sea vegetables around the world, especially in asia. seafood is an important source of (animal) protein in many diets around the world, especially in coastal areas. semi-vegetarians who consume seafood as the only source of meat are said to adhere to pescetarianism. the harvesting of wild seafood is usually known as fishing or hunting, while the cultivation and farming of seafood is known as aquaculture and fish farming (in the case of fish). most of the seafood harvest is consumed by humans, but a significant proportion is used as fish food to farm other fish or rear farm animals. some seafoods (i.e. kelp) are used as food for other plants (a fertilizer). in these ways, seafoods are used to produce further food for human consumption. also, products such as fish oil and spirulina tablets are extracted from seafoods. some seafood is fed to aquarium fish, or used to feed domestic pets such as cats. a small proportion is used in medicine, or is used industrially for nonfood purposes (e.g. leather).

Main

Sea urchin

Sea urchins () are spiny, globular echinoderms in the class echinoidea. about 950 species of sea urchin live on the seabed of every ocean and inhabit every depth zone — from the intertidal seashore down to 5,000 meters (16,000 ft; 2,700 fathoms). the spherical, hard shells (tests) of sea urchins are round and spiny, ranging in diameter from 3 to 10 cm (1 to 4 in). sea urchins move slowly, crawling with tube feet, and also propel themselves with their spines. although algae are the primary diet, sea urchins also eat slow-moving (sessile) animals. in the food chain, the predators who eat sea urchins are the sea otter and the starfish, the wolf eel, the triggerfish, and human beings. adult sea urchins have fivefold symmetry, but their pluteus larvae feature bilateral (mirror) symmetry, indicating that the sea urchin belongs to the bilateria group of animal phyla, which also comprises the chordates and the arthropods, the annelids and the molluscs, and are found in every ocean and in every climate, from the tropics to the polar regions, and inhabit marine benthic (sea bed) habitats, from rocky shores to hadal zone depths. the fossil record of the echinoids dates from the ordovician period, some 450 million years ago; the closest echinoderm relatives of the sea urchin are the sea cucumbers (holothuroidea); both are deuterostomes, a clade that includes the chordates. the animals have been studied since the 19th century as model organisms in developmental biology, as their embryos were easy to observe; this has continued with studies of their genomes because of their unusual fivefold symmetry and relationship to chordates. species such as the slate pencil urchin are popular in aquariums, where they are useful for controlling algae. fossil urchins have been used as protective amulets.

Dessert, Sweet

Seboseb

A thick, sticky dessert made with corn starch, sugar, milk and water

Main

Smoked fish

Smoked fish is fish that has been cured by smoking. foods have been smoked by humans throughout history. originally this was done as a preservative. in more recent times fish is readily preserved by refrigeration and freezing and the smoking of fish is generally done for the unique taste and flavour imparted by the smoking process.

Breakfast

Smoked fish

Smoked fish is fish that has been cured by smoking. foods have been smoked by humans throughout history. originally this was done as a preservative. in more recent times fish is readily preserved by refrigeration and freezing and the smoking of fish is generally done for the unique taste and flavour imparted by the smoking process.

Main

Snapper

Drink

Soft drinks

A soft drink (see § terminology for other names) is a drink that usually contains water (often carbonated), a sweetener, and a natural and/or artificial flavoring. the sweetener may be a sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, a sugar substitute (in the case of diet drinks), or some combination of these. soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and/or other ingredients. soft drinks are called "soft" in contrast with "hard" alcoholic drinks. small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0.5% of the total volume of the drink in many countries and localities if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic. types of soft drinks include lemon-lime drinks, orange soda, cola, grape soda, ginger ale, and root beer. soft drinks may be served cold, over ice cubes, or at room temperature. they are available in many container formats, including cans, glass bottles, and plastic bottles. containers come in a variety of sizes, ranging from small bottles to large multi-liter containers. soft drinks are widely available at fast food restaurants, movie theaters, convenience stores, casual-dining restaurants, dedicated soda stores, vending machines, and bars from soda fountain machines. within a decade of the invention of carbonated water by joseph priestley in 1767 inventors in britain and in europe had used his concept to produce the drink in greater quantities, with one such inventor, j. j. schweppe, forming schweppes in 1783 and selling the world's first bottled soft drink. soft drink brands founded in the 19th century include r. white's lemonade in 1845, dr pepper in 1885 and coca-cola in 1886. subsequent brands include pepsi, irn-bru, sprite, fanta and 7 up.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Spring roll

Spring rolls are rolled appetizers or dim sum commonly found in chinese and other southeast asian cuisines. the kind of wrapper, fillings, and cooking technique used, as well as the name, vary considerably within this large area, depending on the region's culture. they are filled with vegetables and other ingredients.

Main

Squid

A squid is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the superorder decapodiformes. like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, and a mantle. they are mainly soft-bodied, like octopuses, but have a small internal skeleton in the form of a rod-like gladius or pen, made of chitin. squid diverged from other cephalopods during the jurassic and occupy a similar role to teleost fish as open water predators of similar size and behaviour. they play an important role in the open water food web. the two long tentacles are used to grab prey and the eight arms to hold and control it. the beak then cuts the food into suitable size chunks for swallowing. squid are rapid swimmers, moving by jet propulsion, and largely locate their prey by sight. they are among the most intelligent of invertebrates, with groups of humboldt squid having been observed hunting cooperatively. they are preyed on by sharks, other fish, sea birds, seals and cetaceans, particularly sperm whales. squid can change colour for camouflage and signalling. some species are bioluminescent, using their light for counter-illumination camouflage, while many species can eject a cloud of ink to distract predators. squid are used for human consumption with commercial fisheries in japan, the mediterranean, the southwestern atlantic, the eastern pacific and elsewhere. they are used in cuisines around the world, often known as "calamari". squid have featured in literature since classical times, especially in tales of giant squid and sea monsters.

Main

Steak

A steak, also sometimes called "beef steak", is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone. it is normally grilled, though it can also be pan-fried. steak can also be cooked in sauce, such as in steak and kidney pie, or minced and formed into patties, such as hamburgers. besides cattle, steaks are also often cut from other animals, including bison, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, reindeer, turkey, deer, and zebu, as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large fish such as swordfish, shark, and marlin. for some meats, such as pork, lamb and mutton, chevon, and veal, these cuts are often referred to as chops. some cured meat, such as gammon, is commonly served as steak. grilled portobello mushroom may be called mushroom steak, and similarly for other vegetarian dishes. imitation steak is a food product that is formed into a steak shape from various pieces of meat. grilled fruits such as watermelon have been used as vegetarian steak alternatives. exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak cut from the plate, the flank steak cut from the abdominal muscles, and the silverfinger steak cut from the loin and including three rib bones. in a larger sense, fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak, and many more varieties of steak are known.

Main

Sushi

Sushi (すし, 寿司, 鮨, 鮓, pronounced [sɯɕiꜜ] or [sɯꜜɕi]) is a japanese dish of prepared vinegared rice (鮨飯, sushi-meshi), usually with some sugar and salt, accompanied by a variety of ingredients (ねた, neta), such as seafood, often raw, and vegetables. styles of sushi and its presentation vary widely, but the one key ingredient is "sushi rice", also referred to as shari (しゃり), or sumeshi (酢飯).the inventor of modern sushi is believed to be hanaya yohei, who invented nigiri-zushi, a type of sushi most known today, in which seafood is placed on hand-pressed vinegared rice, around 1824 in the edo period (1603–1867). it was the fast food of the chōnin class in the edo period.sushi is traditionally made with medium-grain white rice, though it can be prepared with brown rice or short-grain rice. it is very often prepared with seafood, such as squid, eel, yellowtail, salmon, tuna or imitation crab meat. many types of sushi are vegetarian. it is often served with pickled ginger (gari), wasabi, and soy sauce. daikon radish or pickled daikon (takuan) are popular garnishes for the dish. sushi is sometimes confused with sashimi, a related dish in japanese cuisine that consists of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat.

Main

Sweetlip emperor

Lethrinus miniatus, the sweetlip emperor, sweetlip swoose or trumpet emperor, is a fish of the family lethrinidae. it can be found on coral reefs and moderately warm waters in the western pacific ocean, although its primary habitat is the great barrier reef. it can also be found in the coastal regions in the centre of western australia.growing up to 90 centimetres (35 in) in length and 9.6 kg (21.2 lbs), it is light grey in colour and has small black scale centres dotted around its body. its first dorsal (on the back or top of the fish) fin is red, before changing towards the tail to a darker colour. the area around the base of its pectoral fins (on the chest behind the head) is red or orange. the area around its eyes, the corner of its mouth and on parts of the fins on the bottom can also be red or orange.sweetlip emperors are carnivorous predators in the reef; however, their main prey are small crustaceans such as crabs, as well as sand dollars and small fish. they also eat most other organisms that live near the bottom of the reef. even though sweetlip emperors live at the bottom of the reef, they are found only on the continental shelf where the bottom is sandy and light. they also choose a home near a reef for protection from other predators. today, species of emperor in the reef (including the sweetlip emperor) are threatened because they are desired by both commercial fishing operations and pleasure fishers, due to their vibrant colour and delightful taste. sweetlip emperors have an unusual breeding and development pattern. off the coast of cairns, they spawn almost all the time. off the coast of townsville, they mate in june and august, and off the coast in october and november in more southern waters. these different breeding times are due to different water temperatures. sweetlip emperors can spawn (like eggs that hatch eventually) only in warmer water. the young live near the shore in seagrass beds and mangrove swamps, where the water is shallow. as they grow older, they begin to move out towards the ocean like the adults. as they grow and get older, their sex changes from female to male.

Dessert, Sweet

Tama

Fried dough

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Taro

Colocasia esculenta is a tropical plant grown primarily for its edible corms, a root vegetable most commonly known as taro (), among many other names (see § names and etymology below). it is the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the family araceae that are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, and petioles. taro corms are a food staple in african, oceanic, and south asian cultures (similar to yams), and taro is believed to have been one of the earliest cultivated plants.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Taro bread

Casasva bread

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Taro chips

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Taro rolls

Cassava rolls

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Taro rosti

Shredded and fried taro cakes

Drink

Tea

Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of camellia sinensis, an evergreen shrub native to china, india and other east asian countries. tea is also rarely made from the leaves of camellia taliensis. after water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world. there are many different types of tea; some have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral, or grassy notes. tea has a stimulating effect in humans primarily due to its caffeine content.tea plants are native to east asia and probably originated in the borderlands of southwestern china and northern burma. an early credible record of tea drinking dates to the third century ad, in a medical text written by hua tuo. it was popularised as a recreational drink during the chinese tang dynasty, and tea drinking subsequently spread to other east asian countries. portuguese priests and merchants introduced it to europe during the 16th century. during the 17th century, drinking tea became fashionable among the english, who started to plant tea on a large scale in india. the term herbal tea refers to drinks not made from camellia sinensis. they are the infusions of fruit, leaves, or other plant parts, such as steeps of rosehip, chamomile, or rooibos. these may be called tisanes or herbal infusions to prevent confusion with tea made from the tea plant.

Main

Tikka fish

Fish cutlets (tikka) grilled or cooked in a tandoor oven

Main

Tinola

Tinola is a filipino soup usually served as a main entrée with white rice. traditionally, this dish is cooked with chicken or fish, wedges of papaya, and leaves of the siling labuyo chili pepper in broth flavored with ginger, onions and fish sauce.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Tropical almond

Terminalia catappa is a large tropical tree in the leadwood tree family, combretaceae, native to asia, australia, the pacific, madagascar and seychelles. common names in english include country almond, indian almond, malabar almond, sea almond, tropical almond, beach almond and false kamani.

Main

Tuna

A tuna is a saltwater fish that belongs to the tribe thunnini, a subgrouping of the scombridae (mackerel) family. the thunnini comprise 15 species across five genera, the sizes of which vary greatly, ranging from the bullet tuna (max length: 50 cm or 1.6 ft, weight: 1.8 kg or 4 lb) up to the atlantic bluefin tuna (max length: 4.6 m or 15 ft, weight: 684 kg or 1,508 lb), which averages 2 m (6.6 ft) and is believed to live up to 50 years. tuna, opah and mackerel sharks are the only species of fish that can maintain a body temperature higher than that of the surrounding water. an active and agile predator, the tuna has a sleek, streamlined body, and is among the fastest-swimming pelagic fish – the yellowfin tuna, for example, is capable of speeds of up to 75 km/h (47 mph). greatly inflated speeds can be found in early scientific reports and are still widely reported in the popular literature.found in warm seas, the tuna is commercially fished extensively as a food fish, and is popular as a bluewater game fish. as a result of overfishing, some tuna species, such as the southern bluefin tuna, are threatened with extinction.

Main

Turtle

Turtles are an order of reptiles known as testudines, characterized by a shell developed mainly from their ribs. modern turtles are divided into two major groups, the side-necked turtles and hidden neck turtles, which differ in the way the head retracts. there are 360 living and recently extinct species of turtles, including land-dwelling tortoises and freshwater terrapins. they are found on most continents, some islands and, in the case of sea turtles, much of the ocean. like other reptiles, birds, and mammals, they breathe air and do not lay eggs underwater, although many species live in or around water. genetic evidence typically places them in close relation to crocodilians and birds. turtle shells are made mostly of bone; the upper part is the domed carapace, while the underside is the flatter plastron or belly-plate. its outer surface is covered in scales made of keratin, the material of hair, horns, and claws. the carapace bones develop from ribs that grow sideways and develop into broad flat plates that join up to cover the body. turtles are ectotherms or "cold-blooded", meaning that their internal temperature varies with their direct environment. they are generally opportunistic omnivores and mainly feed on plants and animals with limited movements. many turtles migrate short distances seasonally. sea turtles are the only reptiles that migrate long distances to lay their eggs on a favored beach. turtles have appeared in myths and folktales around the world. some terrestrial and freshwater species are widely kept as pets. turtles have been hunted for their meat, for use in traditional medicine, and for their shells. sea turtles are often killed accidentally as bycatch in fishing nets. turtle habitats around the world are being destroyed. as a result of these pressures, many species are threatened with extinction.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Uasech

Fish sauce is a liquid condiment made from fish or krill that have been coated in salt and fermented for up to two years.: 234  it is used as a staple seasoning in east asian cuisine and southeast asian cuisine, particularly myanmar, cambodia, china, indonesia, laos, malaysia, philippines, taiwan, thailand, and vietnam. some garum-related fish sauces have been used in the west since the roman times. due to its ability to add a savory umami flavor to dishes, it has been embraced globally by chefs and home cooks. the umami flavor in fish sauce is due to its glutamate content.fish sauce is used as a seasoning during or after cooking, and as a base in dipping sauces. soy sauce is regarded by some in the west as a vegetarian alternative to fish sauce though they are very different in flavor.: 234 

Main

Ukoy

Okoy or ukoy, are filipino crispy deep-fried fritters made with glutinous rice batter, unshelled small shrimp, and various vegetables, including calabaza, sweet potato, cassava, mung bean sprouts, scallions and julienned carrots, onions, and green papaya. they are traditionally served with vinegar-based dipping sauces. they are eaten on their own or with white rice. they are popular for breakfast, snacks, or appetizers. okoy are sometimes dyed bright orange with achuete seeds.okoy has numerous variations using a variety of other ingredients, including replacing the shrimp with small fish or calamari. okoy batter can also be made with regular flour, rice flour, or an egg and cornstarch mixture. it can also refer to omelettes made with mashed calabaza or sweet potato, with or without the shrimp.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Vegetables

Asparagus, beans, cabbage, cassava, cucumber, eggplant, potato, pumpkin, squash, sweet potato, taro, wild spinach, yam

Main

Wahoo