Dessert, Sweet

Araki

Sugarcane or sugar cane is a species of (often hybrid) tall, perennial grass (in the genus saccharum, tribe andropogoneae) that is used for sugar production. the plants are 2–6 m (6–20 ft) tall with stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sucrose, which accumulates in the stalk internodes. sugarcanes belong to the grass family, poaceae, an economically important flowering plant family that includes maize, wheat, rice, and sorghum, and many forage crops. it is native to the warm temperate and tropical regions of india, southeast asia, and new guinea. the plant is also grown for biofuel production, especially in brazil, as the canes can be used directly to produce ethyl alcohol (ethanol). grown in tropical and subtropical regions, sugarcane is the world's largest crop by production quantity, totaling 1.9 billion tonnes in 2020, with brazil accounting for 40% of the world total. sugarcane accounts for 79% of sugar produced globally (most of the rest is made from sugar beets). about 70% of the sugar produced comes from saccharum officinarum and its hybrids. all sugarcane species can interbreed, and the major commercial cultivars are complex hybrids.sucrose (table sugar) is extracted from sugarcane in specialized mill factories. it is consumed directly in confectionery, used to sweeten beverages, as a preservative in jams and conserves, as a decorative finish for cakes and pâtisserie, as a raw material in the food industry, or fermented to produce ethanol. products derived from fermentation of sugar include falernum, rum, and cachaça. in some regions, people use sugarcane reeds to make pens, mats, screens, and thatch. the young, unexpanded flower head of saccharum edule (duruka) is eaten raw, steamed, or toasted, and prepared in various ways in southeast asia, such as certain island communities of indonesia as well as in oceanic countries like fiji. sugarcane was an ancient crop of the austronesian and papuan people. it was introduced to polynesia, island melanesia, and madagascar in prehistoric times via austronesian sailors. it was also introduced to southern china and india by austronesian traders around 1200 to 1000 bc. the persians and greeks encountered the famous "reeds that produce honey without bees" in india between the sixth and fourth centuries bc. they adopted and then spread sugarcane agriculture. merchants began to trade in sugar, which was considered a luxurious and expensive spice, from india. in the 18th century, sugarcane plantations began in the caribbean, south american, indian ocean, and pacific island nations. the need for sugar crop laborers became a major driver of large migrations, some people voluntarily accepting indentured servitude and others forcibly imported as slaves.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Attieke

Fermented cassava couscous, serve with fried or smoked fish, onions, tomatoes and chili peppers

Dessert, Sweet

Beignet

Beignet ( ben-yay, also us: bayn-yay, ben-yay, french: [bɛɲɛ]; lit. 'bump') is a type of fritter, or deep-fried pastry, typically made from pâte à choux, but may also be made from other types of dough, including yeast dough. it is popular in french, italian and french-american cuisines.

Main

Brochette

Skewered and grilled meat, chicken, pork, goat, beef, fish, scallops, prawns, venison, vegetables

Main

Camel

A camel (from: latin: camelus and greek: κάμηλος (kamēlos) from semitic: gāmāl.) is an even-toed ungulate in the genus camelus that bears distinctive fatty deposits known as "humps" on its back. camels have long been domesticated and, as livestock, they provide food (milk and meat) and textiles (fiber and felt from hair). camels are working animals especially suited to their desert habitat and are a vital means of transport for passengers and cargo. there are three surviving species of camel. the one-humped dromedary makes up 94% of the world's camel population, and the two-humped bactrian camel makes up 6%. the wild bactrian camel is a separate species and is now critically endangered. the word camel is also used informally in a wider sense, where the more correct term is "camelid", to include all seven species of the family camelidae: the true camels (the above three species), along with the "new world" camelids: the llama, the alpaca, the guanaco, and the vicuña, which belong to the separate tribe lamini camelids originated in north america during the eocene, with the ancestor of modern camels, paracamelus, migrating across the bering land bridge into asia during the late miocene, around 6 million years ago.

Main

Chawarma

Shawarma (; arabic: شاورما) is a popular levantine dish consisting of meat cut into thin slices, stacked in a cone-like shape, and roasted on a slowly-turning vertical rotisserie or spit. originally made with lamb or mutton, it is now also made of chicken, turkey, beef, or veal. thin slices are shaved off the cooked surface as it continuously rotates. shawarma is one of the world's most popular street foods, especially in egypt, iraq, the countries of the levant, the caucasus, the arabian peninsula and the rest of the middle east.

Main

Couscous

Couscous (arabic: كُسْكُس kuskus; berber languages: ⵙⴽⵙⵓ, romanized: seksu) – sometimes called kusksi or kseksu – is a maghrebi dish of small steamed granules of rolled durum wheat semolina that is often served with a stew spooned on top. pearl millet, sorghum, bulgur, and other cereals are sometimes cooked in a similar way in other regions, and the resulting dishes are also sometimes called couscous.: 18 couscous is a staple food throughout the maghrebi cuisines of algeria, tunisia, mauritania, morocco, and libya.: 250  it was integrated into french and european cuisine at the beginning of the twentieth century, through the french colonial empire and the pieds-noirs of algeria. in 2020, couscous was added to unesco's intangible cultural heritage list.

Main

Danwake

Small savory bean flour dumplings, serve with oil, chili peppers, tomatoes, onions

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dates

Fruit from the date palm. a common snack, dessert.

Main

Deguidegui

Tomato stew, served with maca (spaghetti noodles)

Main

Djerma

Stewed chicken, vegetables, peanut butter, herbs and spices

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Dodo

Deep-fried plantain slices

Main

Doubara

Spicy chickpea soup

Main

Dounguouri soko

Meat stew with white beans

Main

Efo riro

Efo riro (yoruba: ẹ̀fọ́ riro) is a vegetable soup and a native soup of the yoruba people of western nigeria. the two vegetables most commonly used to prepare the soup are celosia argentea (ṣọkọ̀ yòkòtò) and amaranthus hybridus (ẹ̀fọ́ tẹ̀tẹ̀).

Main

Ewa riro and dodo

Stewed black-eyed peas with plantains

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fonio

Fonio is the term for two cultivated grasses in the genus digitaria that are notable crops in parts of west africa. they are millets with small grains.fonio is a nutritious food with a favorable taste. it is consumed mainly in west african countries, where it is also cultivated. the global fonio market was 673,000 tonnes in 2016. guinea annually produces the most fonio in the world, accounting for over 75% of the world's production in 2019. the name fonio (borrowed by english from french) is from wolof foño.in december 2018, the european commission approved commercialization of fonio as a novel food in the european union, after submission by the italian company obà food to manufacture and market new food products.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fruit

Dates, mango, plantain

Main

Fufu

Fufu (or fufuo, foofoo, foufou) is a dough-like food found in west african cuisine. in addition to ghana, it is also found in sierra leone, guinea, liberia, cote d'ivoire, benin, togo, nigeria, cameroon, the democratic republic of congo, the central african republic, the republic of congo, angola and gabon. it is often made in the traditional ghanaian, ivorian, liberian, and cuban method of separately mixing and pounding equal portions of boiled cassava with green plantain or cocoyam, or by mixing cassava/plantains or cocoyam flour with water and stirring it on a stove. the viscosity is then adjusted based on personal preference and eaten with broth-like soups. some countries, particularly nigeria, have a version of fufu made from fermented cassava dough (called akpu by nigerians) that is eaten with thick textured stews. other flours, such as semolina, maize flour, or mashed plantains may take the place of cassava flour. fufu is eaten with the fingers, and a small ball of it can be dipped into an accompanying soup or sauce.

Breakfast

Fufu

Fufu (or fufuo, foofoo, foufou) is a dough-like food found in west african cuisine. in addition to ghana, it is also found in sierra leone, guinea, liberia, cote d'ivoire, benin, togo, nigeria, cameroon, the democratic republic of congo, the central african republic, the republic of congo, angola and gabon. it is often made in the traditional ghanaian, ivorian, liberian, and cuban method of separately mixing and pounding equal portions of boiled cassava with green plantain or cocoyam, or by mixing cassava/plantains or cocoyam flour with water and stirring it on a stove. the viscosity is then adjusted based on personal preference and eaten with broth-like soups. some countries, particularly nigeria, have a version of fufu made from fermented cassava dough (called akpu by nigerians) that is eaten with thick textured stews. other flours, such as semolina, maize flour, or mashed plantains may take the place of cassava flour. fufu is eaten with the fingers, and a small ball of it can be dipped into an accompanying soup or sauce.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Fura

Cooked dough balls made with ground pearl millet and spices, eaten alone as a snack or used to make fura da nono, a beverage made with fura balls and fermented milk or yogurt

Main

Garba

Attieke (cassava couscous) with fried pieces of tuna, onions, tomatoes and chili peppers

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Garba

Attieke (cassava couscous) with fried pieces of tuna, onions, tomatoes and chili peppers

Main

Goat

Goat meat or goat's meat is the meat of the domestic goat (capra aegagrus hircus). the common name for goat meat is simply "goat", though meat from adult goats is referred to as chevon, while that from young goats can be called capretto (it.), cabrito (sp. and por.) or kid. in south asian and caribbean cuisine, mutton commonly means goat meat. in south asia, where mutton curry is popular, "mutton" is used for both goat and lamb meat. the culinary name "chevon", a blend of chèvre 'goat' and mouton 'sheep', was coined in 1922 and selected by a trade association; it was adopted by the united states department of agriculture in 1928.: 19  according to market research, consumers in the united states prefer "chevon" to "goat" "cabrito", a word of spanish and portuguese origin, refers specifically to the meat of a young, milk-fed goat. it is also known as chivo.

Main

Gombo

Okra or okro (us: , uk: ), abelmoschus esculentus, known in many english-speaking countries as ladies' fingers or ochro, is a flowering plant in the mallow family. it has edible green seed pods. the geographical origin of okra is disputed, with supporters of west african, ethiopian, southeast asian, and south asian origins. the plant is cultivated in tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions around the world and is a notable part of the cuisine of the southern united states as well as middle eastern cuisine, indian cuisine, brazilian cuisine and sri lankan cuisine.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Gombo

Okra or okro (us: , uk: ), abelmoschus esculentus, known in many english-speaking countries as ladies' fingers or ochro, is a flowering plant in the mallow family. it has edible green seed pods. the geographical origin of okra is disputed, with supporters of west african, ethiopian, southeast asian, and south asian origins. the plant is cultivated in tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions around the world and is a notable part of the cuisine of the southern united states as well as middle eastern cuisine, indian cuisine, brazilian cuisine and sri lankan cuisine.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Grain

Fonio, pearl millet, rice, sorghum, wheat

Main

Guineafowl

Guineafowl (; sometimes called "pet speckled hens" or "original fowl") are birds of the family numididae in the order galliformes. they are endemic to africa and rank among the oldest of the gallinaceous birds. phylogenetically, they branched off from the core galliformes after the cracidae (chachalacas, guans, and curassows) and before the odontophoridae (new world quail). an eocene fossil lineage telecrex has been associated with guineafowl; telecrex inhabited mongolia, and may have given rise to the oldest of the true phasianids, such as blood pheasants and eared pheasants, which evolved into high-altitude, montane-adapted species with the rise of the tibetan plateau. while modern guineafowl species are endemic to africa, the helmeted guineafowl has been introduced as a domesticated bird widely elsewhere.

Main

Indomie

Indomie is a brand of instant noodle produced by the indonesian company indofood. indofood itself is the largest instant noodle producer in the world with 16 factories. over 15 billion packets of indomie are produced annually. indomie is also exported to more than 90 countries around the world. indofood's key export markets are australia, india, iraq, papua new guinea, hong kong, east timor, jordan, saudi arabia, the united states, new zealand, taiwan, egypt, syria, and countries in europe, africa, the middle east and asia. indomie has been produced mainly in indonesia since it was first introduced in 1972, indomie has also been produced in nigeria since 1995. indomie has also been increasingly popular in nigeria and other african countries.

Main

Jollof rice

Jollof (), or jollof rice, is a rice dish from west africa. the dish is typically made with long-grain rice, tomatoes, onions, spices, vegetables and meat in a single pot, although its ingredients and preparation methods vary across different regions.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Kilishi

Kilishi is a version of jerky that originated in hausaland specifically the bauchi state of nigeria. it is a dried form of suya, made from cow, sheep or goat meat.

Drink

Laban

The term leben, variously laban, liben, lben (listen) (arabic: لبن) in the middle east and north africa, refers to a food or beverage of fermented milk. generally, there are two main products known as leben: in the levant region and parts of arabia, yogurt; and in arabia and north africa (maghreb), buttermilk. leben can be served at breakfast, lunch or dinner.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Maca

Macaroni, spaghetti noodles with chili powder or tomato sauce, eaten by itself, served with deguidegui (tomato stew)

Drink

Milk

Milk is a nutrient-rich liquid food produced by the mammary glands of mammals. it is the primary source of nutrition for young mammals (including breastfed human infants) before they are able to digest solid food. immune factors and immune-modulating components in milk contribute to milk immunity. early-lactation milk, which is called colostrum, contains antibodies that strengthen the immune system, and thus reduces the risk of many diseases. milk contains many nutrients, including protein and lactose.the us cdc recommends that children over the age of 12 months should have two servings of dairy milk products a day.as an agricultural product, dairy milk is collected from farm animals. in 2011, dairy farms produced around 730 million tonnes (800 million short tons) of milk from 260 million dairy cows. india is the world's largest producer of milk and the leading exporter of skimmed milk powder, but it exports few other milk products. because there is an ever-increasing demand for dairy products within india, it could eventually become a net importer of dairy products. new zealand, germany and the netherlands are the largest exporters of milk products.more than six billion people worldwide consume milk and milk products, and between 750 and 900 million people live in dairy-farming households.

Main

Moi-moi

Moin-moin or moimoi is a nigeria steamed bean pudding made from a mixture of washed and peeled black-eyed beans, onions and fresh ground red peppers (usually a combination of bell peppers and chili or scotch bonnet). it is a protein-rich food that is a staple in nigeria. in ghana and sierra leone, it is commonly known as "alele" or "olele". it is usually taken with hausa koko. tubaani (also spelled tubani) is a similar dish found in northern ghana.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Nuts

A nut is a fruit consisting of a hard or tough nutshell protecting a kernel which is usually edible. in general usage and in a culinary sense, a wide variety of dry seeds are called nuts, but in a botanical context "nut" implies that the shell does not open to release the seed (indehiscent). most seeds come from fruits that naturally free themselves from the shell, but this is not the case in nuts such as hazelnuts, chestnuts, and acorns, which have hard shell walls and originate from a compound ovary. the general and original usage of the term is less restrictive, and many nuts (in the culinary sense), such as almonds, pecans, pistachios, walnuts, and brazil nuts, are not nuts in a botanical sense. common usage of the term often refers to any hard-walled, edible kernel as a nut. nuts are an energy-dense and nutrient-rich food source.

Main

Ogbono soup

Ogbono soup, is a nigerian dish made with ground dry ogbono seeds. ogbono seeds are originated and were first grown in southern nigeria. (the local name for irvingia) with considerable local variation. according to research by chris chinaka and j.c. obiefuna, ogbono is an indigenous forest tree associated with plants classified as 'non-timber forest products. it goes by various indigenous names in nigeria. in the igbo speaking region it is called 'ogbono/ugiri' depending on the variety of igbo. in nupe, it is called 'pekpeara' , 'ogwi' in bini, 'uyo' in efik and 'oro' in yoruba. the ground ogbono seeds are used as a thickener, and give the soup a black coloration. besides seeds, water and palm oil, it typically contains meat and/or fish seasonings such as chili pepper, leaf vegetables and other vegetables. typical leaf vegetables include bitterleaf and celosia. typical other vegetables include tomatoes and okra. typical seasonings include chiles, onions, and iru (fermented locust beans). typical meats include beef, goat, fish, chicken, bush meat, shrimp, or crayfish. it can be eaten with fufu, or with pounded yam. in other countries the soup may be available in packaged prepared form in some markets that specialize in western african foods. ogbono soup has a mucilaginous (slimy) texture, similar to okra soup.

Main

Palm nut soup

Palm nut soup is a soup made from palm fruit and it is common in the african community. it originated from the urhobo tribe in delta state, nigeria. palm nut soup has become a continental soup.

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Salad

A salad is a dish consisting of mixed, mostly natural ingredients with at least one raw ingredient. they are often dressed, and typically served at room temperature or chilled, though some can be served warm. garden salads use a base of leafy greens such as lettuce, arugula/rocket, kale or spinach; they are common enough that the word salad alone often refers specifically to garden salads. other types include bean salad, tuna salad, fattoush, greek salad (vegetable-based, but without leafy greens), and sōmen salad (a noodle-based salad). salads may be served at any point during a meal: appetizer salads—light, smaller-portion salads served as the first course of the meal side salads—to accompany the main course as a side dish; examples include potato salad and coleslaw main course salads—usually containing a portion of one or more high-protein foods, such as meat, fish, eggs, legumes, or cheese dessert salads—sweet salads containing fruit, gelatin, sweeteners or whipped creamwhen a sauce is used to flavor a salad, it is generally called a salad dressing; most salad dressings are based on either a mixture of oil and vinegar or a creamy dairy base.

Main

Small ruminants

Ruminants (suborder ruminantia) are hoofed herbivorous grazing or browsing mammals that are able to acquire nutrients from plant-based food by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions. the process, which takes place in the front part of the digestive system and therefore is called foregut fermentation, typically requires the fermented ingesta (known as cud) to be regurgitated and chewed again. the process of rechewing the cud to further break down plant matter and stimulate digestion is called rumination. the word "ruminant" comes from the latin ruminare, which means "to chew over again". the roughly 200 species of ruminants include both domestic and wild species. ruminating mammals include cattle, all domesticated and wild bovines, goats, sheep, giraffes, deer, gazelles, and antelopes. it has also been suggested that notoungulates also relied on rumination, as opposed to other atlantogenates that rely on the more typical hindgut fermentation, though this is not entirely certain.taxonomically, the suborder ruminantia is a lineage of herbivorous artiodactyls that includes the most advanced and widespread of the world's ungulates. the suborder ruminantia includes six different families: tragulidae, giraffidae, antilocapridae, moschidae, cervidae, and bovidae.

Main

Sorghum porridge

Porridge is a food made by heating or boiling ground, crushed or chopped starchy plants, typically grain, in milk or water. it is often cooked or served with added flavourings such as sugar, honey, (dried) fruit or syrup to make a sweet cereal, or it can be mixed with spices, meat or vegetables to make a savoury dish. it is usually served hot in a bowl, depending on its consistency. oat porridge, or oatmeal, is one of the most common types of porridge. gruel is a thinner version of porridge.

Main

Takusa

Mutton stew with dumplings

Main

Tattabara

Grilled pigeon

Drink

Tea

Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of camellia sinensis, an evergreen shrub native to china, india and other east asian countries. tea is also rarely made from the leaves of camellia taliensis. after water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world. there are many different types of tea; some have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral, or grassy notes. tea has a stimulating effect in humans primarily due to its caffeine content.tea plants are native to east asia and probably originated in the borderlands of southwestern china and northern burma. an early credible record of tea drinking dates to the third century ad, in a medical text written by hua tuo. it was popularised as a recreational drink during the chinese tang dynasty, and tea drinking subsequently spread to other east asian countries. portuguese priests and merchants introduced it to europe during the 16th century. during the 17th century, drinking tea became fashionable among the english, who started to plant tea on a large scale in india. the term herbal tea refers to drinks not made from camellia sinensis. they are the infusions of fruit, leaves, or other plant parts, such as steeps of rosehip, chamomile, or rooibos. these may be called tisanes or herbal infusions to prevent confusion with tea made from the tea plant.

Main

Uji

Fermented porridge made with cornmeal, millet, sorghum

Side, Snack, Appetizer

Vegetables

Beans, black-eyed peas, cassava, corn (maize), niebe (cowpeas), garlic, onions, peppers, potatoes, squash, yams

Main

Yassa

Yassa is a spicy dish prepared with onions and either marinated poultry or marinated fish. originally from senegal, yassa has become popular throughout west africa. chicken yassa (known as yassa au poulet), prepared with onions, lemon or mustard, is a specialty from the casamance region in the south of senegal. other meats used for yassa are lamb and fish.